如何为 ASP.NET MVC 2 创建自定义成员资格提供程序？

Question

如何基于 ASP.NET 成员资格提供程序为 ASP.NET MVC 2 创建自定义成员资格？

Answer 1

我创建了一个包含自定义成员资格提供程序的新项目，并覆盖了 MembershipProvider 抽象类中的 ValidateUser 方法：

public class MyMembershipProvider : MembershipProvider
{ 
    public override bool ValidateUser(string username, string password)
    {    
        // this is where you should validate your user credentials against your database.
        // I've made an extra class so i can send more parameters 
        // (in this case it's the CurrentTerritoryID parameter which I used as 
        // one of the MyMembershipProvider class properties). 

        var oUserProvider = new MyUserProvider();  
        return oUserProvider.ValidateUser(username,password,CurrentTerritoryID);
    }
}

然后，我通过以下方式将该提供程序连接到我的 ASP.NET MVC 2 项目：添加引用并从 web.config 中指出它：

<membership defaultProvider="MyMembershipProvider">
    <providers>
        <clear />
        <add name="MyMembershipProvider"
            applicationName="MyApp"
            Description="My Membership Provider"
            passwordFormat="Clear"
            connectionStringName="MyMembershipConnection"
            type="MyApp.MyMembershipProvider" />
    </providers>
</membership>

我确实需要创建一个继承 RoleProvider 抽象类并重写 GetRolesForUser 方法的自定义类。
ASP.NET MVC 授权使用该方法来查找分配给当前登录用户的角色，并确保允许该用户访问控制器操作。

以下是我们需要执行的步骤：

1) 创建一个继承 RoleProvider 抽象类并重写 GetRolesForUser 方法的自定义类：

public override string[] GetRolesForUser(string username)
{
    SpHelper db = new SpHelper();
    DataTable roleNames = null;
    try
    {
        // get roles for this user from DB...

        roleNames = db.ExecuteDataset(ConnectionManager.ConStr,
                    "sp_GetUserRoles",
                    new MySqlParameter("_userName", username)).Tables[0];
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        throw ex;
    }
    string[] roles = new string[roleNames.Rows.Count];
    int counter = 0;
    foreach (DataRow row in roleNames.Rows)
    {
        roles[counter] = row["Role_Name"].ToString();
        counter++;
    }
    return roles;
}

2) 通过 web.config 将角色提供程序与 ASP.NET MVC 2 应用程序连接：

<system.web>
...

<roleManager enabled="true" defaultProvider="MyRoleProvider">
    <providers>
        <clear />
        <add name="MyRoleProvider"
            applicationName="MyApp"
            type="MyApp.MyRoleProvider"
            connectionStringName="MyMembershipConnection" />
    </providers>
</roleManager>

...
</system.web>

3) 设置想要的控制器/操作上方的 Authorize(Roles="xxx,yyy") ：

[Authorization(Roles = "Customer Manager,Content Editor")]
public class MyController : Controller
{
    ...... 
}

就是这样！现在可以了！

4) 可选：设置自定义 Authorize 属性，以便我们可以将不需要的角色重定向到 AccessDenied 页面：

[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class | AttributeTargets.Method, Inherited = true, AllowMultiple = false)]
public class MyAuthorizationAttribute : AuthorizeAttribute
{
    /// <summary>
    /// The name of the master page or view to use when rendering the view on authorization failure.  Default
    /// is null, indicating to use the master page of the specified view.
    /// </summary>
    public virtual string MasterName { get; set; }

    /// <summary>
    /// The name of the view to render on authorization failure.  Default is "Error".
    /// </summary>
    public virtual string ViewName { get; set; }

    public MyAuthorizationAttribute ()
        : base()
    {
        this.ViewName = "Error";
    }

    protected void CacheValidateHandler(HttpContext context, object data, ref HttpValidationStatus validationStatus)
    {
        validationStatus = OnCacheAuthorization(new HttpContextWrapper(context));
    }

    public override void OnAuthorization(AuthorizationContext filterContext)
    {
        if (filterContext == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException("filterContext");
        }

        if (AuthorizeCore(filterContext.HttpContext))
        {
            SetCachePolicy(filterContext);
        }
        else if (!filterContext.HttpContext.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)
        {
            // auth failed, redirect to login page
            filterContext.Result = new HttpUnauthorizedResult();
        }
        else if (filterContext.HttpContext.User.IsInRole("SuperUser"))
        {
            // is authenticated and is in the SuperUser role
            SetCachePolicy(filterContext);
        }
        else
        {
            ViewDataDictionary viewData = new ViewDataDictionary();
            viewData.Add("Message", "You do not have sufficient privileges for this operation.");
            filterContext.Result = new ViewResult { MasterName = this.MasterName, ViewName = this.ViewName, ViewData = viewData };
        }
    }

    protected void SetCachePolicy(AuthorizationContext filterContext)
    {
        // ** IMPORTANT **
        // Since we're performing authorization at the action level, the authorization code runs
        // after the output caching module. In the worst case this could allow an authorized user
        // to cause the page to be cached, then an unauthorized user would later be served the
        // cached page. We work around this by telling proxies not to cache the sensitive page,
        // then we hook our custom authorization code into the caching mechanism so that we have
        // the final say on whether a page should be served from the cache.
        HttpCachePolicyBase cachePolicy = filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Cache;
        cachePolicy.SetProxyMaxAge(new TimeSpan(0));
        cachePolicy.AddValidationCallback(CacheValidateHandler, null /* data */);
    }
}

现在我们可以使用我们自己制作的属性将用户重定向到访问被拒绝的视图：

[MyAuthorization(Roles = "Portal Manager,Content Editor", ViewName = "AccessDenied")]
public class DropboxController : Controller
{ 
    .......
}

就是这样！
超级骗子！

以下是我用来获取所有这些信息的一些链接：

自定义角色提供程序：
http://davidhayden.com/blog/dave/archive/2007 /10/17/CreateCustomRoleProviderASPNETRolePermissionsSecurity.aspx

我希望此信息有帮助！

Answer 2

这对我有用
http://mattwrock.com/post/2009/10/14/Implementing-custom-Membership-Provider-and-Role-Provider-for-Authinticating-ASPNET-MVC-Applications.aspx

Answer 3

也可以使用更少的代码来使用此方法，我不完全确定此方法是否安全，但适用于您使用的任何数据库。

在 global.asax 中，

protected void Application_AuthenticateRequest(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (HttpContext.Current.User != null)
        {
            if (HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)
            {
                if (HttpContext.Current.User.Identity is FormsIdentity)
                {
                    FormsIdentity id =
                        (FormsIdentity)HttpContext.Current.User.Identity;
                    FormsAuthenticationTicket ticket = id.Ticket;

                    // Get the stored user-data, in this case, our roles
                    string userData = ticket.UserData;
                    string[] roles = userData.Split(',');
                    HttpContext.Current.User = new GenericPrincipal(id, roles);
                }
            }
        }
    }

它的作用是从由 FormsAuthenticationTicket 生成的 authCookie 中读取角色

，登录逻辑如下所示

public class dbService
{
    private databaseDataContext db = new databaseDataContext();

    public IQueryable<vwPostsInfo> AllPostsAndDetails()
    {
        return db.vwPostsInfos;
    }

    public IQueryable<role> GetUserRoles(int userID)
    {
        return (from r in db.roles
                    join ur in db.UsersRoles on r.rolesID equals ur.rolesID
                    where ur.userID == userID
                    select r);
    }

    public IEnumerable<user> GetUserId(string userName)
    {
        return db.users.Where(u => u.username.ToLower() == userName.ToLower());
    }

    public bool logOn(string username, string password)
    {
        try
        {
            var userID = GetUserId(username);
            var rolesIQueryable = GetUserRoles(Convert.ToInt32(userID.Select(x => x.userID).Single()));
            string roles = "";
            foreach (var role in rolesIQueryable)
            {
                roles += role.rolesName + ",";
            }

            roles.Substring(0, roles.Length - 2);
            FormsAuthenticationTicket ticket = new FormsAuthenticationTicket(
                       1, // Ticket version
                       username, // Username associated with ticket
                       DateTime.Now, // Date/time issued
                       DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(30), // Date/time to expire
                       true, // "true" for a persistent user cookie
                       roles, // User-data, in this case the roles
                       FormsAuthentication.FormsCookiePath);// Path cookie valid for

            // Encrypt the cookie using the machine key for secure transport
            string hash = FormsAuthentication.Encrypt(ticket);
            HttpCookie cookie = new HttpCookie(
               FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName, // Name of auth cookie
               hash); // Hashed ticket

            // Set the cookie's expiration time to the tickets expiration time
            if (ticket.IsPersistent) cookie.Expires = ticket.Expiration;

            // Add the cookie to the list for outgoing response
            HttpContext.Current.Response.Cookies.Add(cookie);

            return true;
        }
        catch
        {
            return (false);
        }
    }
}

我将角色存储在数据库中，有两个表： table: Role ，其中包含以下列： roleID 和roleName 和表：UsersRoles 包含列：userID 和 roleID，这使得多个用户可以拥有多个角色，并且可以轻松创建自己的逻辑来添加/删除用户的角色等。例如，这使您可以使用 [Authorize(Roles="Super Admin")]。希望这有帮助。

编辑：忘记进行密码检查，但您只需在 logOn 方法中添加一个 if 来检查提供的用户名和密码是否检查，如果没有检查则返回 false

Answer 4

我使用 NauckIt.PostgreSQL 提供程序的源代码作为基础，并对其进行修改以满足我的需要。