通过 HTTPS 使用 HttpClient 信任所有证书

Question

最近发布了一个有关 Https 上的 HttpClient 的问题（在此处找到） 。我已经取得了一些进展，但也遇到了新问题。与我的上一个问题一样，我似乎找不到适合我的示例。基本上，我希望我的客户端接受任何证书（因为我只指向一台服务器），但我不断收到 javax.net.ssl.SSLException: Not Trusted servercertificate 异常。

所以这这就是我所拥有的：

    public void connect() throws A_WHOLE_BUNCH_OF_EXCEPTIONS {

        HttpPost post = new HttpPost(new URI(PROD_URL));
        post.setEntity(new StringEntity(BODY));

        KeyStore trusted = KeyStore.getInstance("BKS");
        trusted.load(null, "".toCharArray());
        SSLSocketFactory sslf = new SSLSocketFactory(trusted);
        sslf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);

        SchemeRegistry schemeRegistry = new SchemeRegistry();
        schemeRegistry.register(new Scheme ("https", sslf, 443));
        SingleClientConnManager cm = new SingleClientConnManager(post.getParams(),
                schemeRegistry);

        HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(cm, post.getParams());
        HttpResponse result = client.execute(post);
    }

这是我收到的错误：

    W/System.err(  901): javax.net.ssl.SSLException: Not trusted server certificate 
    W/System.err(  901):    at org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.OpenSSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(OpenSSLSocketImpl.java:360) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.AbstractVerifier.verify(AbstractVerifier.java:92) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory.connectSocket(SSLSocketFactory.java:321) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultClientConnectionOperator.openConnection(DefaultClientConnectionOperator.java:129) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.AbstractPoolEntry.open(AbstractPoolEntry.java:164) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at org.apache.http.impl.conn.AbstractPooledConnAdapter.open(AbstractPooledConnAdapter.java:119) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultRequestDirector.execute(DefaultRequestDirector.java:348) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.execute(AbstractHttpClient.java:555) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.execute(AbstractHttpClient.java:487) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.execute(AbstractHttpClient.java:465) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at me.harrisonlee.test.ssl.MainActivity.connect(MainActivity.java:129) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at me.harrisonlee.test.ssl.MainActivity.access$0(MainActivity.java:77) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at me.harrisonlee.test.ssl.MainActivity$2.run(MainActivity.java:49) 
    W/System.err(  901): Caused by: java.security.cert.CertificateException: java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException: the trust anchors set is empty 
    W/System.err(  901):    at org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.TrustManagerImpl.checkServerTrusted(TrustManagerImpl.java:157) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.OpenSSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(OpenSSLSocketImpl.java:355) 
    W/System.err(  901):    ... 12 more 
    W/System.err(  901): Caused by: java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException: the trust anchors set is empty 
    W/System.err(  901):    at java.security.cert.PKIXParameters.checkTrustAnchors(PKIXParameters.java:645) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at java.security.cert.PKIXParameters.<init>(PKIXParameters.java:89) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.TrustManagerImpl.<init>(TrustManagerImpl.java:89) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.TrustManagerFactoryImpl.engineGetTrustManagers(TrustManagerFactoryImpl.java:134) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory.getTrustManagers(TrustManagerFactory.java:226)W/System.err(  901):     at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory.createTrustManagers(SSLSocketFactory.java:263) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory.<init>(SSLSocketFactory.java:190) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory.<init>(SSLSocketFactory.java:216) 
    W/System.err(  901):    at me.harrisonlee.test.ssl.MainActivity.connect(MainActivity.java:107) 
    W/System.err(  901):    ... 2 more

Answer 1

基本上有四种潜在的解决方案可以使用 httpclient 修复 Android 上的“不受信任”异常：

1. 信任所有证书。不要这样做，除非你真的知道自己在做什么。
2. 创建仅信任您的证书的自定义 SSLSocketFactory。只要您确切知道要连接到哪些服务器，这种方法就有效，但是一旦您需要使用不同的 SSL 证书连接到新服务器，您就需要更新您的应用程序。
3. 创建一个包含 Android 证书“主列表”的密钥库文件，然后添加您自己的。如果这些证书中有任何一个过期，您有责任在您的应​​用程序中更新它们。我想不出这样做的理由。
4. 创建一个使用内置证书 KeyStore 的自定义 SSLSocketFactory，但对于无法验证默认值的任何内容，则使用备用 KeyStore。

这个答案使用了解决方案#4，在我看来这是最强大的。

解决方案是使用可以接受多个 KeyStore 的 SSLSocketFactory，允许您使用自己的证书提供自己的 KeyStore。这允许您加载其他顶级证书，例如某些 Android 设备上可能缺少的 Thawte。它还允许您加载自己的自签名证书。它将首先使用内置的默认设备证书，然后仅在必要时才使用其他证书。

首先，您需要确定密钥库中缺少哪个证书。运行以下命令：

openssl s_client -connect www.yourserver.com:443

您将看到如下输出：

Certificate chain
 0 s:/O=www.yourserver.com/OU=Go to 
   https://www.thawte.com/repository/index.html/OU=Thawte SSL123 
   certificate/OU=Domain Validated/CN=www.yourserver.com
   i:/C=US/O=Thawte, Inc./OU=Domain Validated SSL/CN=Thawte DV SSL CA
 1 s:/C=US/O=Thawte, Inc./OU=Domain Validated SSL/CN=Thawte DV SSL CA
   i:/C=US/O=thawte, Inc./OU=Certification Services Division/OU=(c) 
   2006 thawte, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=thawte Primary Root CA

如您所见，我们的根证书来自 Thawte。访问您的提供商的网站并找到相应的证书。对于我们来说，它就在这里，您可以看到我们需要的就是这个版权所有 2006。

如果您使用自签名证书，则无需执行上一步，因为您已经拥有签名证书。

然后，创建包含缺少的签名证书的密钥库文件。 Crazybob 详细介绍了如何在 Android 上执行此操作，但是我们的想法是执行以下操作：

如果您还没有，请从以下位置下载充气城堡提供程序库： http://www.bouncycastle.org/latest_releases.html。这将出现在下面的类路径中。

运行命令从服务器提取证书并创建 pem 文件。在本例中为 mycert.pem。

echo | openssl s_client -connect ${MY_SERVER}:443 2>&1 | \
 sed -ne '/-BEGIN CERTIFICATE-/,/-END CERTIFICATE-/p' > mycert.pem

然后运行以下命令来创建密钥库。

export CLASSPATH=/path/to/bouncycastle/bcprov-jdk15on-155.jar
CERTSTORE=res/raw/mystore.bks
if [ -a $CERTSTORE ]; then
    rm $CERTSTORE || exit 1
fi
keytool \
      -import \
      -v \
      -trustcacerts \
      -alias 0 \
      -file <(openssl x509 -in mycert.pem) \
      -keystore $CERTSTORE \
      -storetype BKS \
      -provider org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider \
      -providerpath /path/to/bouncycastle/bcprov-jdk15on-155.jar \
      -storepass some-password

您会注意到上面的脚本将结果放置在 res/raw/mystore.bks 中。现在您已经有了一个文件，您可以将其加载到 Android 应用程序中，该应用程序提供了缺少的证书。

为此，请为 SSL 方案注册 SSLSocketFactory：

final SchemeRegistry schemeRegistry = new SchemeRegistry();
schemeRegistry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80));
schemeRegistry.register(new Scheme("https", createAdditionalCertsSSLSocketFactory(), 443));

// and then however you create your connection manager, I use ThreadSafeClientConnManager
final HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
...
final ThreadSafeClientConnManager cm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params,schemeRegistry);

创建 SSLSocketFactory：

protected org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory createAdditionalCertsSSLSocketFactory() {
    try {
        final KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("BKS");

        // the bks file we generated above
        final InputStream in = context.getResources().openRawResource( R.raw.mystore);  
        try {
            // don't forget to put the password used above in strings.xml/mystore_password
            ks.load(in, context.getString( R.string.mystore_password ).toCharArray());
        } finally {
            in.close();
        }

        return new AdditionalKeyStoresSSLSocketFactory(ks);

    } catch( Exception e ) {
        throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
}

最后，AdditionalKeyStoresSSLSocketFactory 代码，它接受新的 KeyStore 并检查内置 KeyStore 是否无法验证 SSL 证书：

/**
 * Allows you to trust certificates from additional KeyStores in addition to
 * the default KeyStore
 */
public class AdditionalKeyStoresSSLSocketFactory extends SSLSocketFactory {
    protected SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");

    public AdditionalKeyStoresSSLSocketFactory(KeyStore keyStore) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException, KeyStoreException, UnrecoverableKeyException {
        super(null, null, null, null, null, null);
        sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[]{new AdditionalKeyStoresTrustManager(keyStore)}, null);
    }

    @Override
    public Socket createSocket(Socket socket, String host, int port, boolean autoClose) throws IOException {
        return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket(socket, host, port, autoClose);
    }

    @Override
    public Socket createSocket() throws IOException {
        return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket();
    }



    /**
     * Based on http://download.oracle.com/javase/1.5.0/docs/guide/security/jsse/JSSERefGuide.html#X509TrustManager
     */
    public static class AdditionalKeyStoresTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {

        protected ArrayList<X509TrustManager> x509TrustManagers = new ArrayList<X509TrustManager>();


        protected AdditionalKeyStoresTrustManager(KeyStore... additionalkeyStores) {
            final ArrayList<TrustManagerFactory> factories = new ArrayList<TrustManagerFactory>();

            try {
                // The default Trustmanager with default keystore
                final TrustManagerFactory original = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
                original.init((KeyStore) null);
                factories.add(original);

                for( KeyStore keyStore : additionalkeyStores ) {
                    final TrustManagerFactory additionalCerts = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
                    additionalCerts.init(keyStore);
                    factories.add(additionalCerts);
                }

            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }



            /*
             * Iterate over the returned trustmanagers, and hold on
             * to any that are X509TrustManagers
             */
            for (TrustManagerFactory tmf : factories)
                for( TrustManager tm : tmf.getTrustManagers() )
                    if (tm instanceof X509TrustManager)
                        x509TrustManagers.add( (X509TrustManager)tm );


            if( x509TrustManagers.size()==0 )
                throw new RuntimeException("Couldn't find any X509TrustManagers");

        }

        /*
         * Delegate to the default trust manager.
         */
        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
            final X509TrustManager defaultX509TrustManager = x509TrustManagers.get(0);
            defaultX509TrustManager.checkClientTrusted(chain, authType);
        }

        /*
         * Loop over the trustmanagers until we find one that accepts our server
         */
        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
            for( X509TrustManager tm : x509TrustManagers ) {
                try {
                    tm.checkServerTrusted(chain,authType);
                    return;
                } catch( CertificateException e ) {
                    // ignore
                }
            }
            throw new CertificateException();
        }

        public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
            final ArrayList<X509Certificate> list = new ArrayList<X509Certificate>();
            for( X509TrustManager tm : x509TrustManagers )
                list.addAll(Arrays.asList(tm.getAcceptedIssuers()));
            return list.toArray(new X509Certificate[list.size()]);
        }
    }

}

Answer 2

注意：不要在您将要在不完全信任的网络上使用的生产代码中实现此功能。尤其是通过公共互联网进行的任何事情。

你的问题正是我想知道的。经过一番查找，结论如下。

在 HttpClient 方式中，您应该从 org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory 创建一个自定义类，而不是 org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory
本身。可以在这篇文章中找到一些线索 自定义 SSL 处理已停止正在开发 Android 2.2 FroYo。

一个例子就像...

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.UnrecoverableKeyException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;

import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
public class MySSLSocketFactory extends SSLSocketFactory {
    SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");

    public MySSLSocketFactory(KeyStore truststore) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException, KeyStoreException, UnrecoverableKeyException {
        super(truststore);

        TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
            public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
            }

            public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
            }

            public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
                return null;
            }
        };

        sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
    }

    @Override
    public Socket createSocket(Socket socket, String host, int port, boolean autoClose) throws IOException, UnknownHostException {
        return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket(socket, host, port, autoClose);
    }

    @Override
    public Socket createSocket() throws IOException {
        return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket();
    }
}

并在创建 HttpClient 实例时使用此类。

public HttpClient getNewHttpClient() {
    try {
        KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
        trustStore.load(null, null);

        MySSLSocketFactory sf = new MySSLSocketFactory(trustStore);
        sf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);

        HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
        HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(params, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
        HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, HTTP.UTF_8);

        SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
        registry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80));
        registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443));

        ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry);

        return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, params);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        return new DefaultHttpClient();
    }
}

顺便说一句，下面的链接适用于正在寻找 HttpURLConnection 解决方案的人。
Https Connection Android

我在froyo上测试了以上两种解决方案，它们都在我的情况下工作就像一个魅力。最后，使用 HttpURLConnection 可能会面临重定向问题，但这超出了主题。

注意：在决定信任所有证书之前，您可能应该充分了解该站点并且不会对最终用户造成伤害。

事实上，你应该仔细考虑你所承担的风险，包括我深深赞赏的以下评论中提到的黑客模拟网站的影响。在某些情况下，虽然可能很难管理所有证书，但您最好了解信任所有证书的隐含缺点。

Answer 3

在 HttpsURLConnection 之前添加此代码即可完成。我得到了它。

private void trustEveryone() { 
    try { 
            HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier(){ 
                    public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) { 
                            return true; 
                    }}); 
            SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS"); 
            context.init(null, new X509TrustManager[]{new X509TrustManager(){ 
                    public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, 
                                    String authType) throws CertificateException {} 
                    public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, 
                                    String authType) throws CertificateException {} 
                    public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { 
                            return new X509Certificate[0]; 
                    }}}, new SecureRandom()); 
            HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory( 
                            context.getSocketFactory()); 
    } catch (Exception e) { // should never happen 
            e.printStackTrace(); 
    } 
}

Answer 4

这是一个坏主意。信任任何证书仅比根本不使用 SSL 好一点点。当您说“我希望我的客户端接受任何证书（因为我只指向一台服务器）”时，您假设这意味着以某种方式指向“一台服务器”是安全的，而它不在公共网络上。

通过信任任何证书，您完全可能遭受中间人攻击。任何人都可以通过与您和终端服务器建立单独的 SSL 连接来代理您的连接。然后 MITM 就可以访问您的整个请求和响应。除非您一开始并不真正需要 SSL（您的消息没有任何敏感信息，并且不进行身份验证），否则您不应该盲目信任所有证书。

您应该考虑使用 keytool 将公共证书添加到 jks，并使用它来构建您的套接字工厂，如下所示：

    KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");

    // get user password and file input stream
    char[] password = ("mykspassword")).toCharArray();
    ClassLoader cl = this.getClass().getClassLoader();
    InputStream stream = cl.getResourceAsStream("myjks.jks");
    ks.load(stream, password);
    stream.close();

    SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
    KeyManagerFactory kmf = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");
    TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");

    kmf.init(ks, password);
    tmf.init(ks);

    sc.init(kmf.getKeyManagers(), tmf.getTrustManagers(),null);

    return sc.getSocketFactory();

这有一个需要注意的警告。证书最终会过期，届时代码将停止工作。您可以通过查看证书轻松确定何时会发生这种情况。

Answer 5

从 API 8 开始，您可以通过这种方式禁用 HttpURLConnection SSL 检查以进行测试：

    HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
    if (conn instanceof HttpsURLConnection) {
        HttpsURLConnection httpsConn = (HttpsURLConnection) conn;
        httpsConn.setSSLSocketFactory(SSLCertificateSocketFactory.getInsecure(0, null));
        httpsConn.setHostnameVerifier(new AllowAllHostnameVerifier());
    }

Answer 6

https://stackoverflow.com/a/6378872/1553004 中的代码是正确的，但它还必须调用主机名验证器：

    @Override
public Socket createSocket(Socket socket, String host, int port, boolean autoClose) throws IOException {
    SSLSocket sslSocket = (SSLSocket)sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket(socket, host, port, autoClose);
    getHostnameVerifier().verify(host, sslSocket);
    return sslSocket;
}

我明确注册了 stackoverflow 以添加此修复程序。留意我的警告！

Answer 7

我正在为使用 httpclient-4.5 的用户添加响应，并且可能也适用于 4.4。

import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpResponseException;
import org.apache.http.client.fluent.ContentResponseHandler;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.NoopHostnameVerifier;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustStrategy;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;



public class HttpClientUtils{

public static HttpClient getHttpClientWithoutSslValidation_UsingHttpClient_4_5_2() {
    try {
        SSLContextBuilder builder = new SSLContextBuilder();
        builder.loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() {
            @Override
            public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
                return true;
            }
        });
        SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(builder.build(), new NoopHostnameVerifier());
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build(); 
        return httpclient;
    } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
}
}

Answer 8

HttpComponents 的 API 已更改。它与下面的代码一起使用。

public static HttpClient getTestHttpClient() {
    try {
        SSLSocketFactory sf = new SSLSocketFactory(new TrustStrategy(){
            @Override
            public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
                    String authType) throws CertificateException {
                return true;
            }
        }, new AllowAllHostnameVerifier());

        SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
        registry.register(new Scheme("https",8444, sf));
        ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(registry);
        return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        return new DefaultHttpClient();
    }
}

Answer 9

信任所有证书对我来说并不是真正的选择，因此我执行了以下操作来让 HttpsURLConnection 信任新证书（另请参阅 http://nelenkov.blogspot.jp/2011/12/using-custom-certificate-trust-store-on.html）。

1. 获得证书；我通过在 Firefox 中导出证书（单击小锁图标，获取证书详细信息，单击导出）来完成此操作，然后使用 portecle 导出信任库 (BKS)。

2. 使用以下代码从 /res/raw/geotrust_cert.bks 加载信任库：

    Final KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance("BKS");
       最终InputStream = context.getResources().openRawResource(
               R.raw.geotrust_cert);
       trustStore.load(in, null);
   
       最终 TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory
               .getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
       tmf.init(trustStore);
   
       最终 SSLContext sslCtx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
       sslCtx.init(null, tmf.getTrustManagers(),
               新的 java.security.SecureRandom());
   
       HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sslCtx
               .getSocketFactory());
   

Answer 10

这是使用 4.1.2 httpclient 代码的非常简单的版本。然后可以将其修改为您认为合适的任何信任算法。

public static HttpClient getTestHttpClient() {
    try {
        SSLSocketFactory sf = new SSLSocketFactory(new TrustStrategy(){
            @Override
            public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
                    String authType) throws CertificateException {
                return true;
            }
        });
        SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
        registry.register(new Scheme("https", 443, sf));
        ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(registry);
        return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        return new DefaultHttpClient();
    }
}

Answer 11

我看到了“emmby”（于 2011 年 6 月 16 日在 21:29 回答）的回复，第 4 项：“创建一个使用内置证书 KeyStore 的自定义 SSLSocketFactory，但如果出现任何问题，则依靠备用 KeyStore以验证默认值。”

这是一个简化的实现。加载系统密钥库&与应用程序密钥库合并。

public HttpClient getNewHttpClient() {
    try {
        InputStream in = null;
        // Load default system keystore
        KeyStore trusted = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType()); 
        try {
            in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(System.getProperty("javax.net.ssl.trustStore"))); // Normally: "/system/etc/security/cacerts.bks"
            trusted.load(in, null); // no password is "changeit"
        } finally {
            if (in != null) {
                in.close();
                in = null;
            }
        }

        // Load application keystore & merge with system
        try {
            KeyStore appTrusted = KeyStore.getInstance("BKS"); 
            in = context.getResources().openRawResource(R.raw.mykeystore);
            appTrusted.load(in, null); // no password is "changeit"
            for (Enumeration<String> e = appTrusted.aliases(); e.hasMoreElements();) {
                final String alias = e.nextElement();
                final KeyStore.Entry entry = appTrusted.getEntry(alias, null);
                trusted.setEntry(System.currentTimeMillis() + ":" + alias, entry, null);
            }
        } finally {
            if (in != null) {
                in.close();
                in = null;
            }
        }

        HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
        HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(params, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
        HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, HTTP.UTF_8);

        SSLSocketFactory sf = new SSLSocketFactory(trusted);
        sf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);

        SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
        registry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80));
        registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443));

        ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry);

        return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, params);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        return new DefaultHttpClient();
    }
}

从 JKS 转换为 BKS 的简单模式：

keytool -importkeystore -destkeystore cacerts.bks -deststoretype BKS -providerclass org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider -providerpath bcprov-jdk16-141.jar -deststorepass changeit -srcstorepass changeit -srckeystore $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security/cacerts -srcstoretype JKS -noprompt

*注意：在 Android 4.0 (ICS) 中，信任存储已更改，更多信息：http://nelenkov.blogspot.com.es/2011/12/ics-trust-store-implementation.html

Answer 12

对于那些希望允许所有证书通过 OAuth 工作（用于测试目的）的用户，请按照以下步骤操作：

1) 在此处下载 Android OAuth API 的源代码：https://github.com/kaeppler/signpost

2) 找到文件“CommonsHttpOAuthProvider”类

3) 如下更改：

public class CommonsHttpOAuthProvider extends AbstractOAuthProvider {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

private transient HttpClient httpClient;

public CommonsHttpOAuthProvider(String requestTokenEndpointUrl, String accessTokenEndpointUrl,
        String authorizationWebsiteUrl) {
    super(requestTokenEndpointUrl, accessTokenEndpointUrl, authorizationWebsiteUrl);


    //this.httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();//Version implemented and that throws the famous "javax.net.ssl.SSLException: Not trusted server certificate" if the certificate is not signed with a CA
    this.httpClient = MySSLSocketFactory.getNewHttpClient();//This will work with all certificates (for testing purposes only)
}

上面的“MySSLSocketFactory”是基于接受的回答。为了使它更容易，这里是完整的课程：

package com.netcomps.oauth_example;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.UnrecoverableKeyException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;

import org.apache.http.HttpVersion;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.conn.ClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.PlainSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.SchemeRegistry;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.tsccm.ThreadSafeClientConnManager;
import org.apache.http.params.BasicHttpParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpProtocolParams;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;

//http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2642777/trusting-all-certificates-using-httpclient-over-https
public class MySSLSocketFactory extends SSLSocketFactory {

    SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");

public MySSLSocketFactory(KeyStore truststore) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException, KeyStoreException, UnrecoverableKeyException {

    super(truststore);
    TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {

        @Override
        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
        }

        @Override
        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
        }

        @Override
        public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
            return null;
        }
    };

    sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
}

@Override
public Socket createSocket(Socket socket, String host, int port, boolean autoClose) throws IOException, UnknownHostException {
    return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket(socket, host, port, autoClose);
}

@Override
public Socket createSocket() throws IOException {
    return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket();
}



public static HttpClient getNewHttpClient() {

    try {
        KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
        trustStore.load(null, null);

        SSLSocketFactory sf = new MySSLSocketFactory(trustStore);
        sf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);

        HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
        HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(params, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
        HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, HTTP.UTF_8);

        SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
        registry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80));
        registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443));

        ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry);

        return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, params);

    } catch (Exception e) {
        return new DefaultHttpClient();
    }
}

}

希望这对某人有帮助。

Answer 13

只需将 -Dtrust_all_cert=true 添加到 VM 参数即可。该参数告诉 java 忽略证书检查。

Answer 14

我用过这个，它适用于所有操作系统。

/**
 * Disables the SSL certificate checking for new instances of {@link HttpsURLConnection} This has been created to
 * aid testing on a local box, not for use on production.
 */


private static void disableSSLCertificateChecking() {
    TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[] { new X509TrustManager() {
        public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] arg0, String arg1) throws CertificateException {
            // Not implemented
        }

        @Override
        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] arg0, String arg1) throws CertificateException {
            // Not implemented
        }
    } };

    try {
        SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");

        sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, new java.security.SecureRandom());

        HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());
    } catch (KeyManagementException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

Answer 15

这个用例有很多替代方案。如果您不想在代码库中包含任何自定义代码，例如自定义 TrustManager 或自定义 SSLSocketFactory 我建议尝试 GitHub - SSLContext Kickstart 和以下代码片段：

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.github.hakky54</groupId>
    <artifactId>sslcontext-kickstart</artifactId>
    <version>8.3.6</version>
</dependency>

SSL 配置

SSLFactory sslFactory = SSLFactory.builder()
    .withUnsafeTrustMaterial()
    .withUnsafeHostnameVerifier()
    .build();

SSLSocketFactory sslSocketFactory = sslFactory.getSslSocketFactory();

HttpClient 配置

HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(params, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, HTTP.UTF_8);

SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
registry.register(new Scheme("https", sslSocketFactory, 443));

ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry);

HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, params);

< strong>HttpsUrlConnection

HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sslSocketFactory); 

我还需要给出一些免责声明，我是该库的维护者。您可以在此处查看 40 多个针对 java、kotlin 和 scala 的 http 客户端示例：Http 客户端配置示例

Answer 16

任何仍在 Android 2.1 上使用 StartCom SSL 证书的人请访问 https://www.startssl.com/certs/< /a> 并下载 ca.pem，现在位于 答案 提供的 @emmby 替换

`export CLASSPATH=bcprov-jdk16-145.jar
 CERTSTORE=res/raw/mystore.bks
      if [ -a $CERTSTORE ]; then
          rm $CERTSTORE || exit 1
      fi
 keytool \
  -import \
  -v \
  -trustcacerts \
  -alias 0 \
  -file <(openssl x509 -in mycert.pem) \
  -keystore $CERTSTORE \
  -storetype BKS \
  -provider org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider \
  -providerpath /usr/share/java/bcprov.jar \
  -storepass some-password`

为

 `export CLASSPATH=bcprov-jdk16-145.jar
 CERTSTORE=res/raw/mystore.bks
      if [ -a $CERTSTORE ]; then
          rm $CERTSTORE || exit 1
      fi
 keytool \
  -import \
  -v \
  -trustcacerts \
  -alias 0 \
  -file <(openssl x509 -in ca.pem) \
  -keystore $CERTSTORE \
  -storetype BKS \
  -provider org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider \
  -providerpath /usr/share/java/bcprov.jar \
  -storepass some-password`

应该开箱即用。即使在 @emmby 给出完美答案后，我还是挣扎了一天多。希望这对某人有帮助...

Answer 17

使用这个类

public class WCFs
{
    //  https://192.168.30.8/myservice.svc?wsdl
private static final String NAMESPACE = "http://tempuri.org/";
private static final String URL = "192.168.30.8";
private static final String SERVICE = "/myservice.svc?wsdl";
private static String SOAP_ACTION = "http://tempuri.org/iWCFserviceMe/";


public static Thread myMethod(Runnable rp)
{
    String METHOD_NAME = "myMethod";

    SoapObject request = new SoapObject(NAMESPACE, METHOD_NAME);

    request.addProperty("Message", "Https WCF Running...");
    return _call(rp,METHOD_NAME, request);
}

protected static HandlerThread _call(final RunProcess rp,final String METHOD_NAME, SoapObject soapReq)
{
    final SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
    int TimeOut = 5*1000;

    envelope.dotNet = true;
    envelope.bodyOut = soapReq;
    envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapReq);

    final HttpsTransportSE httpTransport_net = new HttpsTransportSE(URL, 443, SERVICE, TimeOut);

    try
    {
        HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() // use this section if crt file is handmake
        {
            @Override
            public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session)
            {
                return true;
            }
        });

        KeyStore k = getFromRaw(R.raw.key, "PKCS12", "password");
        ((HttpsServiceConnectionSE) httpTransport_net.getServiceConnection()).setSSLSocketFactory(getSSLSocketFactory(k, "SSL"));


    }
    catch(Exception e){}

    HandlerThread thread = new HandlerThread("wcfTd"+ Generator.getRandomNumber())
    {
        @Override
        public void run()
        {
            Handler h = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
            Object response = null;

            for(int i=0; i<4; i++)
            {
                response = send(envelope, httpTransport_net , METHOD_NAME, null);

                try
                {if(Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) return;}catch(Exception e){}

                if(response != null)
                    break;

                ThreadHelper.threadSleep(250);
            }

            if(response != null)
            {
                if(rp != null)
                {
                    rp.setArguments(response.toString());
                    h.post(rp);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                if(Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted())
                    return;

                if(rp != null)
                {
                    rp.setExceptionState(true);
                    h.post(rp);
                }
            }

            ThreadHelper.stopThread(this);
        }
    };

    thread.start();

    return thread;
}


private static Object send(SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope, HttpTransportSE androidHttpTransport, String METHOD_NAME, List<HeaderProperty> headerList)
{
    try
    {
        if(headerList != null)
            androidHttpTransport.call(SOAP_ACTION + METHOD_NAME, envelope, headerList);
        else
            androidHttpTransport.call(SOAP_ACTION + METHOD_NAME, envelope);

        Object res = envelope.getResponse();

        if(res instanceof SoapPrimitive)
            return (SoapPrimitive) envelope.getResponse();
        else if(res instanceof SoapObject)
            return ((SoapObject) envelope.getResponse());
    }
    catch(Exception e)
    {}

    return null;
}

public static KeyStore getFromRaw(@RawRes int id, String algorithm, String filePassword)
{
    try
    {
        InputStream inputStream = ResourceMaster.openRaw(id);
        KeyStore keystore = KeyStore.getInstance(algorithm);
        keystore.load(inputStream, filePassword.toCharArray());
        inputStream.close();

        return keystore;
    }
    catch(Exception e)
    {}

    return null;
}

public static SSLSocketFactory getSSLSocketFactory(KeyStore trustKey, String SSLAlgorithm)
{
    try
    {
        TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
        tmf.init(trustKey);

        SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance(SSLAlgorithm);//"SSL" "TLS"
        context.init(null, tmf.getTrustManagers(), null);

        return context.getSocketFactory();
    }
    catch(Exception e){}

    return null;
}

}

Answer 18

在此处输入图像描述

xamarin android 中的 sspi 失败。

我找到了这个解决方案；在点击 HTTPS 链接之前输入此代码

const SslProtocols _Tls12 = (SslProtocols)0x00000C00;
const SecurityProtocolType Tls12 = (SecurityProtocolType)_Tls12;
ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol = Tls12;

Answer 19

适用于所有 https

httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();

SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
    public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String string) throws CertificateException { }

    public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String string) throws CertificateException { }

    public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
        return null;
    }
};

ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{tm}, null);
SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx, SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);

httpClient.getConnectionManager().getSchemeRegistry().register(new Scheme("https", 443, ssf));

Answer 20

上面有很多答案，但我无法让它们中的任何一个正常工作（在我有限的时间内），因此对于处于相同情况的其他人，您可以尝试下面的代码，它非常适合我的 java 测试目的：

    public static HttpClient wrapClient(HttpClient base) {
    try {
        SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
        X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
            public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String string) throws CertificateException { }

            public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String string) throws CertificateException { }

            public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
                return null;
            }
        };
        ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{tm}, null);
        SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx);
        ssf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
        ClientConnectionManager ccm = base.getConnectionManager();
        SchemeRegistry sr = ccm.getSchemeRegistry();
        sr.register(new Scheme("https", ssf, 443));
        return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, base.getParams());
    } catch (Exception ex) {
        return null;
    }
}

并调用类似：

DefaultHttpClient baseClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(baseClient );

参考：http://tech.chitgoks.com/2011/04/24/how-to-avoid-javax-net-ssl-sslpeerunverifiedException-peer-not-authenticated-problem-using- apache-httpclient/

Answer 21

只需使用这个 -

public DefaultHttpClient wrapClient(HttpClient base) {
    try {
        SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
        X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
        public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String string) throws CertificateException { }

        public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String string) throws CertificateException { }

        public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
            return null;
        }
    };
    ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{tm}, null);
    SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx);
    ssf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
    ClientConnectionManager ccm = base.getConnectionManager();
    SchemeRegistry sr = ccm.getSchemeRegistry();
    sr.register(new Scheme("https", ssf, 443));
    return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, base.getParams());
} catch (Exception ex) {
    return null;
}
}

Answer 22

丹尼尔的回答很好，只是我必须将此代码更改

    SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
    registry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80));
    registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443));

    ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry);

为此代码...

    ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry);
    SchemeRegistry registry = ccm.getShemeRegistry()
    registry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80));
    registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443));

才能使其正常工作。