在 C# 中查找较大字符串中子字符串的所有位置

发布于 2024-08-29 02:46:25 字数 716 浏览 5 评论 0原文

我有一个大字符串需要解析,我需要找到 extract"(me,i-have 很多]punctuation 的所有实例,并将每个实例的索引存储到列表中。

假设这段字符串位于较大字符串的开头和中间,那么它们都会被找到,并且它们的索引将被添加到 ListList 中。 > 将包含 0 和其他索引,无论它是什么,

string.IndexOf 几乎是我的。正在寻找,并且我已经编写了一些代码 - 但它不起作用,我一直无法弄清楚到底出了什么问题:

List<int> inst = new List<int>();
int index = 0;
while (index < source.LastIndexOf("extract\"(me,i-have lots. of]punctuation", 0) + 39)
{
    int src = source.IndexOf("extract\"(me,i-have lots. of]punctuation", index);
    inst.Add(src);
    index = src + 40;
}
  • inst = 列表
  • source = 大字符串

有更好的想法吗?

I have a large string I need to parse, and I need to find all the instances of extract"(me,i-have lots. of]punctuation, and store the index of each to a list.

So say this piece of string was in the beginning and middle of the larger string, both of them would be found, and their indexes would be added to the List. and the List would contain 0 and the other index whatever it would be.

I've been playing around, and the string.IndexOf does almost what I'm looking for, and I've written some code - but it's not working and I've been unable to figure out exactly what is wrong:

List<int> inst = new List<int>();
int index = 0;
while (index < source.LastIndexOf("extract\"(me,i-have lots. of]punctuation", 0) + 39)
{
    int src = source.IndexOf("extract\"(me,i-have lots. of]punctuation", index);
    inst.Add(src);
    index = src + 40;
}
  • inst = The list
  • source = The large string

Any better ideas?

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评论(16

走过海棠暮 2024-09-05 02:46:25

下面是它的扩展方法示例:

public static List<int> AllIndexesOf(this string str, string value) {
    if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
        throw new ArgumentException("the string to find may not be empty", "value");
    List<int> indexes = new List<int>();
    for (int index = 0;; index += value.Length) {
        index = str.IndexOf(value, index);
        if (index == -1)
            return indexes;
        indexes.Add(index);
    }
}

如果将其放入静态类中并使用 using 导入命名空间,则它会显示为任何字符串上的方法,您可以执行以下操作:

List<int> indexes = "fooStringfooBar".AllIndexesOf("foo");

有关扩展的更多信息方法,http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb383977 .aspx

使用迭代器也一样:

public static IEnumerable<int> AllIndexesOf(this string str, string value) {
    if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
        throw new ArgumentException("the string to find may not be empty", "value");
    for (int index = 0;; index += value.Length) {
        index = str.IndexOf(value, index);
        if (index == -1)
            break;
        yield return index;
    }
}

Here's an example extension method for it:

public static List<int> AllIndexesOf(this string str, string value) {
    if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
        throw new ArgumentException("the string to find may not be empty", "value");
    List<int> indexes = new List<int>();
    for (int index = 0;; index += value.Length) {
        index = str.IndexOf(value, index);
        if (index == -1)
            return indexes;
        indexes.Add(index);
    }
}

If you put this into a static class and import the namespace with using, it appears as a method on any string, and you can just do:

List<int> indexes = "fooStringfooBar".AllIndexesOf("foo");

For more information on extension methods, http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb383977.aspx

Also the same using an iterator:

public static IEnumerable<int> AllIndexesOf(this string str, string value) {
    if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
        throw new ArgumentException("the string to find may not be empty", "value");
    for (int index = 0;; index += value.Length) {
        index = str.IndexOf(value, index);
        if (index == -1)
            break;
        yield return index;
    }
}
硪扪都還晓 2024-09-05 02:46:25

为什么不使用内置的 RegEx 类:

public static IEnumerable<int> GetAllIndexes(this string source, string matchString)
{
   matchString = Regex.Escape(matchString);
   foreach (Match match in Regex.Matches(source, matchString))
   {
      yield return match.Index;
   }
}

如果您确实需要重用表达式,则编译它并将其缓存在某处。在重用案例的另一个重载中将 matchString 参数更改为正则表达式 matchExpression。

Why don't you use the built in RegEx class:

public static IEnumerable<int> GetAllIndexes(this string source, string matchString)
{
   matchString = Regex.Escape(matchString);
   foreach (Match match in Regex.Matches(source, matchString))
   {
      yield return match.Index;
   }
}

If you do need to reuse the expression then compile it and cache it somewhere. Change the matchString param to a Regex matchExpression in another overload for the reuse case.

赠意 2024-09-05 02:46:25

使用LINQ

public static IEnumerable<int> IndexOfAll(this string sourceString, string subString)
{
    return Regex.Matches(sourceString, subString).Cast<Match>().Select(m => m.Index);
}

using LINQ

public static IEnumerable<int> IndexOfAll(this string sourceString, string subString)
{
    return Regex.Matches(sourceString, subString).Cast<Match>().Select(m => m.Index);
}
む无字情书 2024-09-05 02:46:25

抛光版+忽略大小写支持:

public static int[] AllIndexesOf(string str, string substr, bool ignoreCase = false)
{
    if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(str) ||
        string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(substr))
    {
        throw new ArgumentException("String or substring is not specified.");
    }

    var indexes = new List<int>();
    int index = 0;

    while ((index = str.IndexOf(substr, index, ignoreCase ? StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase : StringComparison.Ordinal)) != -1)
    {
        indexes.Add(index++);
    }

    return indexes.ToArray();
}

Polished version + case ignoring support:

public static int[] AllIndexesOf(string str, string substr, bool ignoreCase = false)
{
    if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(str) ||
        string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(substr))
    {
        throw new ArgumentException("String or substring is not specified.");
    }

    var indexes = new List<int>();
    int index = 0;

    while ((index = str.IndexOf(substr, index, ignoreCase ? StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase : StringComparison.Ordinal)) != -1)
    {
        indexes.Add(index++);
    }

    return indexes.ToArray();
}
撩发小公举 2024-09-05 02:46:25

可以使用 KMP O(N + M) 中的算法,其中 N 是文本的长度,M 是模式的长度。

这是实现和用法:

static class StringExtensions
{
    public static IEnumerable<int> AllIndicesOf(this string text, string pattern)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(pattern))
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(pattern));
        }
        return Kmp(text, pattern);
    }

    private static IEnumerable<int> Kmp(string text, string pattern)
    {
        int M = pattern.Length;
        int N = text.Length;

        int[] lps = LongestPrefixSuffix(pattern);
        int i = 0, j = 0; 

        while (i < N)
        {
            if (pattern[j] == text[i])
            {
                j++;
                i++;
            }
            if (j == M)
            {
                yield return i - j;
                j = lps[j - 1];
            }

            else if (i < N && pattern[j] != text[i])
            {
                if (j != 0)
                {
                    j = lps[j - 1];
                }
                else
                {
                    i++;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private static int[] LongestPrefixSuffix(string pattern)
    {
        int[] lps = new int[pattern.Length];
        int length = 0;
        int i = 1;

        while (i < pattern.Length)
        {
            if (pattern[i] == pattern[length])
            {
                length++;
                lps[i] = length;
                i++;
            }
            else
            {
                if (length != 0)
                {
                    length = lps[length - 1];
                }
                else
                {
                    lps[i] = length;
                    i++;
                }
            }
        }
        return lps;
    }

这是如何使用它的示例:

static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        string text = "this is a test";
        string pattern = "is";
        foreach (var index in text.AllIndicesOf(pattern))
        {
            Console.WriteLine(index); // 2 5
        }
    }

It could be done in efficient time complexity using KMP algorithm in O(N + M) where N is the length of text and M is the length of the pattern.

This is the implementation and usage:

static class StringExtensions
{
    public static IEnumerable<int> AllIndicesOf(this string text, string pattern)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(pattern))
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(pattern));
        }
        return Kmp(text, pattern);
    }

    private static IEnumerable<int> Kmp(string text, string pattern)
    {
        int M = pattern.Length;
        int N = text.Length;

        int[] lps = LongestPrefixSuffix(pattern);
        int i = 0, j = 0; 

        while (i < N)
        {
            if (pattern[j] == text[i])
            {
                j++;
                i++;
            }
            if (j == M)
            {
                yield return i - j;
                j = lps[j - 1];
            }

            else if (i < N && pattern[j] != text[i])
            {
                if (j != 0)
                {
                    j = lps[j - 1];
                }
                else
                {
                    i++;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private static int[] LongestPrefixSuffix(string pattern)
    {
        int[] lps = new int[pattern.Length];
        int length = 0;
        int i = 1;

        while (i < pattern.Length)
        {
            if (pattern[i] == pattern[length])
            {
                length++;
                lps[i] = length;
                i++;
            }
            else
            {
                if (length != 0)
                {
                    length = lps[length - 1];
                }
                else
                {
                    lps[i] = length;
                    i++;
                }
            }
        }
        return lps;
    }

and this is an example of how to use it:

static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        string text = "this is a test";
        string pattern = "is";
        foreach (var index in text.AllIndicesOf(pattern))
        {
            Console.WriteLine(index); // 2 5
        }
    }
守护在此方 2024-09-05 02:46:25

我注意到至少有两个提议的解决方案不能处理重叠的搜索命中。我没有检查标有绿色复选标记的那个。这是处理重叠搜索命中的一个:

    public static List<int> GetPositions(this string source, string searchString)
    {
        List<int> ret = new List<int>();
        int len = searchString.Length;
        int start = -1;
        while (true)
        {
            start = source.IndexOf(searchString, start +1);
            if (start == -1)
            {
                break;
            }
            else
            {
                ret.Add(start);
            }
        }
        return ret;
    }

I noticed that at least two proposed solutions don't handle overlapping search hits. I didn't check the one marked with the green checkmark. Here is one that handles overlapping search hits:

    public static List<int> GetPositions(this string source, string searchString)
    {
        List<int> ret = new List<int>();
        int len = searchString.Length;
        int start = -1;
        while (true)
        {
            start = source.IndexOf(searchString, start +1);
            if (start == -1)
            {
                break;
            }
            else
            {
                ret.Add(start);
            }
        }
        return ret;
    }
最美的太阳 2024-09-05 02:46:25
public List<int> GetPositions(string source, string searchString)
{
    List<int> ret = new List<int>();
    int len = searchString.Length;
    int start = -len;
    while (true)
    {
        start = source.IndexOf(searchString, start + len);
        if (start == -1)
        {
            break;
        }
        else
        {
            ret.Add(start);
        }
    }
    return ret;
}

像这样称呼它:

List<int> list = GetPositions("bob is a chowder head bob bob sldfjl", "bob");
// list will contain 0, 22, 26
public List<int> GetPositions(string source, string searchString)
{
    List<int> ret = new List<int>();
    int len = searchString.Length;
    int start = -len;
    while (true)
    {
        start = source.IndexOf(searchString, start + len);
        if (start == -1)
        {
            break;
        }
        else
        {
            ret.Add(start);
        }
    }
    return ret;
}

Call it like this:

List<int> list = GetPositions("bob is a chowder head bob bob sldfjl", "bob");
// list will contain 0, 22, 26
九厘米的零° 2024-09-05 02:46:25

没有正则表达式,使用字符串比较类型:

string search = "123aa456AA789bb9991AACAA";
string pattern = "AA";
Enumerable.Range(0, search.Length)
   .Select(index => { return new { Index = index, Length = (index + pattern.Length) > search.Length ? search.Length - index : pattern.Length }; })
   .Where(searchbit => searchbit.Length == pattern.Length && pattern.Equals(search.Substring(searchbit.Index, searchbit.Length),StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
   .Select(searchbit => searchbit.Index)

这将返回 {3,8,19,22}。空模式将匹配所有位置。

对于多种模式:

string search = "123aa456AA789bb9991AACAA";
string[] patterns = new string[] { "aa", "99" };
patterns.SelectMany(pattern => Enumerable.Range(0, search.Length)
   .Select(index => { return new { Index = index, Length = (index + pattern.Length) > search.Length ? search.Length - index : pattern.Length }; })
   .Where(searchbit => searchbit.Length == pattern.Length && pattern.Equals(search.Substring(searchbit.Index, searchbit.Length), StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
   .Select(searchbit => searchbit.Index))

返回 {3, 8, 19, 22, 15, 16}

Without Regex, using string comparison type:

string search = "123aa456AA789bb9991AACAA";
string pattern = "AA";
Enumerable.Range(0, search.Length)
   .Select(index => { return new { Index = index, Length = (index + pattern.Length) > search.Length ? search.Length - index : pattern.Length }; })
   .Where(searchbit => searchbit.Length == pattern.Length && pattern.Equals(search.Substring(searchbit.Index, searchbit.Length),StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
   .Select(searchbit => searchbit.Index)

This returns {3,8,19,22}. Empty pattern would match all positions.

For multiple patterns:

string search = "123aa456AA789bb9991AACAA";
string[] patterns = new string[] { "aa", "99" };
patterns.SelectMany(pattern => Enumerable.Range(0, search.Length)
   .Select(index => { return new { Index = index, Length = (index + pattern.Length) > search.Length ? search.Length - index : pattern.Length }; })
   .Where(searchbit => searchbit.Length == pattern.Length && pattern.Equals(search.Substring(searchbit.Index, searchbit.Length), StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
   .Select(searchbit => searchbit.Index))

This returns {3, 8, 19, 22, 15, 16}

青萝楚歌 2024-09-05 02:46:25

@Matti Virkkunen 的回答很好,

public static List<int> AllIndexesOf(this string str, string value) {
    if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
        throw new ArgumentException("the string to find may not be empty", "value");
    List<int> indexes = new List<int>();
    for (int index = 0;; index += value.Length) {
        index = str.IndexOf(value, index);
        if (index == -1)
            return indexes;
        indexes.Add(index);
        index--;
    }
}

但这涵盖了像 AOOAOOA 这样的测试用例
其中子字符串

是 AOOA 和 AOOA

输出 0 和 3

Hi nice answer by @Matti Virkkunen

public static List<int> AllIndexesOf(this string str, string value) {
    if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
        throw new ArgumentException("the string to find may not be empty", "value");
    List<int> indexes = new List<int>();
    for (int index = 0;; index += value.Length) {
        index = str.IndexOf(value, index);
        if (index == -1)
            return indexes;
        indexes.Add(index);
        index--;
    }
}

But this covers tests cases like AOOAOOA
where substring

are AOOA and AOOA

Output 0 and 3

时常饿 2024-09-05 02:46:25

@csam 理论上是正确的,尽管他的代码不符合要求并且可以被折射为

public static IEnumerable<int> IndexOfAll(this string sourceString, string matchString)
{
    matchString = Regex.Escape(matchString);
    return from Match match in Regex.Matches(sourceString, matchString) select match.Index;
}

@csam is correct in theory, although his code will not complie and can be refractored to

public static IEnumerable<int> IndexOfAll(this string sourceString, string matchString)
{
    matchString = Regex.Escape(matchString);
    return from Match match in Regex.Matches(sourceString, matchString) select match.Index;
}
看海 2024-09-05 02:46:25
public static Dictionary<string, IEnumerable<int>> GetWordsPositions(this string input, string[] Susbtrings)
{
    Dictionary<string, IEnumerable<int>> WordsPositions = new Dictionary<string, IEnumerable<int>>();
    IEnumerable<int> IndexOfAll = null;
    foreach (string st in Susbtrings)
    {
        IndexOfAll = Regex.Matches(input, st).Cast<Match>().Select(m => m.Index);
        WordsPositions.Add(st, IndexOfAll);

    }
    return WordsPositions;
}
public static Dictionary<string, IEnumerable<int>> GetWordsPositions(this string input, string[] Susbtrings)
{
    Dictionary<string, IEnumerable<int>> WordsPositions = new Dictionary<string, IEnumerable<int>>();
    IEnumerable<int> IndexOfAll = null;
    foreach (string st in Susbtrings)
    {
        IndexOfAll = Regex.Matches(input, st).Cast<Match>().Select(m => m.Index);
        WordsPositions.Add(st, IndexOfAll);

    }
    return WordsPositions;
}
遇到 2024-09-05 02:46:25

我知道这已经很旧了,但我想,我会将列表答案转换为整数数组答案(没有看到此处发布的内容)。

    int[] GetPositionsAsArray(string sourceString, string searchString)
    {
        if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(searchString) || String.IsNullOrEmpty(sourceString))
        {
            return new int[] { -1 };
        }
        else
        {    
            int[] ret = new int[sourceString.Length];
            int len = searchString.Length;               
            int index = 0;
            int start = -len;
            while (true)
            {
                start = sourceString.IndexOf(searchString, start + len);
                if (start == -1)
                {
                    break;
                }
                else
                {
                    ret[index] = start;
                    index++;
                }
            }
            Array.Resize(ref ret, index); //optional
            return ret;
        }
    }

I know this is old, but I figured, I'd convert the List answers to an Array of integers answer (didn't see this posted here).

    int[] GetPositionsAsArray(string sourceString, string searchString)
    {
        if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(searchString) || String.IsNullOrEmpty(sourceString))
        {
            return new int[] { -1 };
        }
        else
        {    
            int[] ret = new int[sourceString.Length];
            int len = searchString.Length;               
            int index = 0;
            int start = -len;
            while (true)
            {
                start = sourceString.IndexOf(searchString, start + len);
                if (start == -1)
                {
                    break;
                }
                else
                {
                    ret[index] = start;
                    index++;
                }
            }
            Array.Resize(ref ret, index); //optional
            return ret;
        }
    }
奈何桥上唱咆哮 2024-09-05 02:46:25

根据我用于在较大字符串中查找字符串的多个实例的代码,您的代码将如下所示:

List<int> inst = new List<int>();
int index = 0;
while (index >=0)
{
    index = source.IndexOf("extract\"(me,i-have lots. of]punctuation", index);
    inst.Add(index);
    index++;
}

Based on the code I've used for finding multiple instances of a string within a larger string, your code would look like:

List<int> inst = new List<int>();
int index = 0;
while (index >=0)
{
    index = source.IndexOf("extract\"(me,i-have lots. of]punctuation", index);
    inst.Add(index);
    index++;
}
清风挽心 2024-09-05 02:46:25

我找到了这个示例 并将其合并到一个函数中:

    public static int solution1(int A, int B)
    {
        // Check if A and B are in [0...999,999,999]
        if ( (A >= 0 && A <= 999999999) && (B >= 0 && B <= 999999999))
        {
            if (A == 0 && B == 0)
            {
                return 0;
            }
            // Make sure A < B
            if (A < B)
            {                    
                // Convert A and B to strings
                string a = A.ToString();
                string b = B.ToString();
                int index = 0;

                // See if A is a substring of B
                if (b.Contains(a))
                {
                    // Find index where A is
                    if (b.IndexOf(a) != -1)
                    {                            
                        while ((index = b.IndexOf(a, index)) != -1)
                        {
                            Console.WriteLine(A + " found at position " + index);
                            index++;
                        }
                        Console.ReadLine();
                        return b.IndexOf(a);
                    }
                    else
                        return -1;
                }
                else
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(A + " is not in " + B + ".");
                    Console.ReadLine();

                    return -1;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine(A + " must be less than " + B + ".");
               // Console.ReadLine();

                return -1;
            }                
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine("A or B is out of range.");
            //Console.ReadLine();

            return -1;
        }
    }

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        int A = 53, B = 1953786;
        int C = 78, D = 195378678;
        int E = 57, F = 153786;

        solution1(A, B);
        solution1(C, D);
        solution1(E, F);

        Console.WriteLine();
    }

返回:

53 在位置 2 找到

78 在位置 4 找到
78 在位置 7 找到

57 不在 153786 中

I found this example and incorporated it into a function:

    public static int solution1(int A, int B)
    {
        // Check if A and B are in [0...999,999,999]
        if ( (A >= 0 && A <= 999999999) && (B >= 0 && B <= 999999999))
        {
            if (A == 0 && B == 0)
            {
                return 0;
            }
            // Make sure A < B
            if (A < B)
            {                    
                // Convert A and B to strings
                string a = A.ToString();
                string b = B.ToString();
                int index = 0;

                // See if A is a substring of B
                if (b.Contains(a))
                {
                    // Find index where A is
                    if (b.IndexOf(a) != -1)
                    {                            
                        while ((index = b.IndexOf(a, index)) != -1)
                        {
                            Console.WriteLine(A + " found at position " + index);
                            index++;
                        }
                        Console.ReadLine();
                        return b.IndexOf(a);
                    }
                    else
                        return -1;
                }
                else
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(A + " is not in " + B + ".");
                    Console.ReadLine();

                    return -1;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine(A + " must be less than " + B + ".");
               // Console.ReadLine();

                return -1;
            }                
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine("A or B is out of range.");
            //Console.ReadLine();

            return -1;
        }
    }

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        int A = 53, B = 1953786;
        int C = 78, D = 195378678;
        int E = 57, F = 153786;

        solution1(A, B);
        solution1(C, D);
        solution1(E, F);

        Console.WriteLine();
    }

Returns:

53 found at position 2

78 found at position 4
78 found at position 7

57 is not in 153786

浊酒尽余欢 2024-09-05 02:46:25

这种替代实施方式如何?

 public static class MyExtensions
    {
        public static int HowMany(this string str, char needle)
        {
            int counter = 0;
            int nextIndex = 0;
            for (; nextIndex != -1; )
            {
                nextIndex = str.IndexOf(needle, nextIndex);
                if (nextIndex != -1)
                {
                    counter++;
                    //step over to the next char
                    nextIndex++;
                }
            }
            return counter;
        }
    }

How is this alternative implementation?

 public static class MyExtensions
    {
        public static int HowMany(this string str, char needle)
        {
            int counter = 0;
            int nextIndex = 0;
            for (; nextIndex != -1; )
            {
                nextIndex = str.IndexOf(needle, nextIndex);
                if (nextIndex != -1)
                {
                    counter++;
                    //step over to the next char
                    nextIndex++;
                }
            }
            return counter;
        }
    }
遮了一弯 2024-09-05 02:46:25

您可以使用 linq 选择并枚举所有元素,然后通过任何字符串查找:

我创建了一个类:

class Pontos 
{
    //index on string
    public int Pos { get; set; }
    //caractere 
    public string Caractere { get; set; }           
}

并像这样使用:

int count = 0;

var pontos = texto.Select(y => new Pontos { Pos = count++, Caractere = y.ToString() }).Where(x=>x.Caractere == ".").ToList();

然后:
输入字符串:
输入图片此处描述

输出列表:
输入图片这里的描述

PS: SeForNumero 是我的类的另一个字段,我需要它用于我自己的目的,但对于此用途不是必需的。

you can use linq to select and enumerate all elements, then find by any string:

I've created a class:

class Pontos 
{
    //index on string
    public int Pos { get; set; }
    //caractere 
    public string Caractere { get; set; }           
}

And use like this:

int count = 0;

var pontos = texto.Select(y => new Pontos { Pos = count++, Caractere = y.ToString() }).Where(x=>x.Caractere == ".").ToList();

then:
input string:
enter image description here

output list:
enter image description here

PS: SeForNumero is another field of my class, I need this for my own purposes, but is not necessary to this use.

~没有更多了~
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