TFS 中的错误和缺陷工作项有什么区别？
我刚刚被要求为 TFS 生成报告，我注意到其中既有错误报告也有缺陷报告。谁能解释一下两者之间有什么区别？
I have just been asked to generate reports for TFS, and I noticed that there are both bug and defect reports. Can anyone explain what the difference between the two is?
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TFS 中的工作项类型不是硬编码的。每个公司都可以定义自己的工作项。所以我想你最好的选择是请让你写报告的人。也许他们的“缺陷报告”仅适用于有缺陷的咖啡机？ :)
The workitem types in TFS aren't hard coded. Every company can define their own workitems. So I guess your best choice is to ask the person who asked you to write the report. Maybe their "defect reports" is only for defect coffee machines? :)
如果我没记错的话，缺陷是在 CMMI 流程模板中定义的，并且不如错误具体（因为一个缺陷可能会生成多个错误项），
您需要查看模板定义以了解如何使用缺陷类型并询问缺陷类型如何用于您尝试为其创建报告的项目。
If I remember correctly a defect is defined in the CMMI process template and is less specific than a bug ( as one defect could generate several bug items)
You would need to look at the template definition to see how the defect type is being used and ask how the defect type is being used for the project you are trying to create a report for.
我们在 TFS 中有相同的设置。我从事测试已有 20 年了，直到最近才听说 bug 和缺陷之间的区别，而且我见过的解释都没有任何逻辑意义。
Bug 和 Defect 在整个软件行业中可以互换使用。
我的测试认证将其分为错误、故障和失败。我从来没有理由使用这些区别，但我至少可以欣赏它们。
在我的新角色中，我现在被告知在生产中发现了一个错误，在开发过程中发现了一个缺陷。其他网站提到错误是编码错误，缺陷是设计错误（或者也许是相反？？）。
在我看来，某些东西可能因多种原因而有缺陷。在有人能够证明这样做的价值之前，我不会区分错误和缺陷。
We have the same set-up in TFS. I've been in testing for 20 years and only recently heard of a distinction between a bug and defect, and none of the explanations I've seen make any logical sense.
Bug and Defect get used interchangeably throughout the software industry.
My testing accreditation breaks these down into Error, Fault and Failure. I've never had cause to use those distinctions but I can at least appreciate them.
In my new role I'm now being told that a bug is found in production and a defect found during development. Other sites have referred to bugs being coding errors and defects being design-errors (or perhaps it was the other way round??).
IMO something can be defective for any number of reasons. I won't be making the bug and defect distinction until someone's able to justify the value in doing so.
错误：开发团队编码中的错误称为错误。可能是语法错误、语义错误等。[该术语由开发人员使用]
缺陷：如果某些内容是根据需求开发的，并且在测试过程中被测试人员发现，那么它称为缺陷。该术语也用于后期制作中发现的错误/错误。
Bug：如果测试人员报告的代码错误被开发团队接受，则称为Bug
Error: A mistake in coding by development team is called error. It could be syntax error, semantic errors etc. [This term is used by Developers]
Defect: If something is developed against the requirement and is caught by testers during testing then it is called Defect. This term is also used for errors/mistakes found in post production.
Bug: If the code error reported by tester is accepted by development team then it is called Bug
因此，我将把这篇文章写成一个短篇故事，而不是一篇关于“什么是错误和/或什么是真正的缺陷”的文章。
什么是错误？
BUG 是软件中导致软件故障的错误，或者 BUG 改变了软件的行为，导致软件无法按预期运行。
什么是缺陷？
缺陷是产品中降低其可用性或价值的缺陷，或者如果该功能不能按照用户的要求工作，则称为缺陷。
很简单，不是吗？
So, I'm gonna make this a short story rather than an article on 'What's a Bug and/or What's really a Defect'.
What is a Bug?
A BUG is an error in the software that causes it to malfunction OR A BUG alters the behavior of the software and the software does not function as expected.
What is a Defect?
A DEFECT is a flaw in a product that reduces its usability or value OR If the feature does not work as per the user’s requirements, then it is termed as a DEFECT.
Simple, Isn't it?