当 HTML 表单失去焦点时如何重新聚焦到文本字段?

发布于 2024-08-28 02:00:23 字数 376 浏览 9 评论 0原文

HTML 表单上只有一个文本字段。用户输入一些文本,按 Enter 键,提交表单,然后重新加载表单。主要用途是条码读取。我使用以下代码将焦点设置到文本字段:

<script language="javascript">
    <!--
            document.getElementById("#{id}").focus()
    //-->
</script>

它在大多数情况下都有效(如果没有人触摸屏幕/鼠标/键盘)。

但是,当用户单击浏览器窗口内字段之外的某个位置(白色空白区域)时,光标就会消失。一个单字段的HTML表单,如何防止光标丢失?或者,光标丢失后如何重新将光标聚焦在字段内?谢谢!

There is only one text field on a HTML form. Users input some text, press Enter, submit the form, and the form is reloaded. The main use is barcode reading. I use the following code to set the focus to the text field:

<script language="javascript">
    <!--
            document.getElementById("#{id}").focus()
    //-->
</script>

It works most of the time (if nobody touches the screen/mouse/keyboard).

However, when the user click somewhere outside the field within the browser window (the white empty space), the cursor is gone. One a single field HTML form, how can I prevent the cursor from getting lost? Or, how to re-focus the cursor inside the field after the cursor is lost? thx!

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评论(3

Darin 的答案是正确的,但在 Firefox 中不起作用。如果您也想在 Firefox 中夺回焦点,则必须将其推迟到事件发生之后:

<input onblur="var that= this; setTimeout(function() { that.focus(); }, 0);">

或者更好的是,从 JavaScript 分配:

<script type="text/javascript">
    var element= document.getElementById('foo');
    element.focus();
    element.onblur= function() {
        setTimeout(function() {
            element.focus();
        }, 0);
    };
</script>

但是,我强烈建议您不要这样做。单击文本框外部以从该文本框移除焦点是完全正常的浏览器行为,可以合法使用(例如,为 ctrl-F 设置搜索点,或开始拖动选择等)。不太可能有充分的理由来扰乱这种预期的行为。

Darin's answer is right, but doesn't work in Firefox. If you want to steal focus back in Firefox too, you have to delay it until after the event:

<input onblur="var that= this; setTimeout(function() { that.focus(); }, 0);">

Or, better, assigned from JavaScript:

<script type="text/javascript">
    var element= document.getElementById('foo');
    element.focus();
    element.onblur= function() {
        setTimeout(function() {
            element.focus();
        }, 0);
    };
</script>

But, I would strongly advise you not to do this. Clicking outside a text box to remove focus from that text box is perfectly normal browser behaviour, which can be of legitimate use (eg. to set search point for ctrl-F, or start a drag-selection, etc). There's very unlikely to be a good reason to mess with this expected behaviour.

梦屿孤独相伴 2024-09-04 02:00:23
<input type="text" name="barcode" onblur="this.focus();" />
<input type="text" name="barcode" onblur="this.focus();" />
山有枢 2024-09-04 02:00:23

您可以挂钩 blur 事件并再次重新聚焦该字段。这样做的用例很少,但听起来你的可能就是其中之一。请注意,您可能必须通过 setTimeout 或类似的方法安排重新聚焦,您将无法在 blur 处理程序本身中执行此操作。

在不影响标记的情况下执行此操作时,如果您使用像 PrototypejQuery, 关闭等等,但你可以在没有它们的情况下做到这一点(当然),你只需要自己处理浏览器差异。例如,使用 Prototype:

document.observe("dom:loaded", function() {
    var elm = $('thingy');

    elm.focus();
    elm.observe('blur', function() {
        refocus.defer(elm);
    });

    function refocus(elm) {
        elm.focus();
    }
});

如果您不介意影响标记,则可以使用 onblur 属性。例如,这至少适用于 IE、Firefox 和 Chrome(也可能是其他浏览器):

HTML:

<input type='text' id='thingy' onblur="refocus(this);">

脚本:

function refocus(elm) {

    setTimeout(go, 0);

    function go() {
        elm.focus();
    }
}

You can hook the blur event and refocus the field again. There are very few use cases for doing this, but it sounds like yours may be one of them. Note that you'll probably have to schedule the re-focus via setTimeout or similar, you won't be able to do it within the blur handler itself.

When doing this without affecting the markup, this is easiest if you use a library like Prototype, jQuery, Closure, etc., but you can do it without them (of course), you just have to handle browser differences yourself. For instance, using Prototype:

document.observe("dom:loaded", function() {
    var elm = $('thingy');

    elm.focus();
    elm.observe('blur', function() {
        refocus.defer(elm);
    });

    function refocus(elm) {
        elm.focus();
    }
});

If you don't mind affecting the markup, you can use the onblur attribute. For instance, this works on IE, Firefox, and Chrome at least (probably others):

HTML:

<input type='text' id='thingy' onblur="refocus(this);">

Script:

function refocus(elm) {

    setTimeout(go, 0);

    function go() {
        elm.focus();
    }
}
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