是否有可能修改图像，使近视患者无需戴眼镜也能清楚地看到它？
或者更好的是，有可用的软件可以做到这一点吗？
-新细节
对于那些说这是不可能的人来说，我记得在大学时，重新调整投影仪的焦距，可以改变模拟焦点，这样我就可以在不戴眼镜的情况下看到清晰的图像。
or even better, is there software available which can do it?
--new detail
to people that is saying that it's impossible, I remember that at college, refocusing the projector, the analogic focus could be changed so I could se a clear image without the glasses.
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评论（6）
遗憾的是，没有。近视的问题在于进入眼睛的光线无法正确聚焦在视网膜上。无论您对图像做什么，该图像都将处于未聚焦状态。以任何方式对图像进行散焦都意味着观看者将看到模糊物体的模糊图像。
这个答案的疯狂部分：如果你有一个显示器，对于每个像素来说，这可能是可能的，并且可以在不同的发射角度以不同的强度/颜色发光。如果你有这样的设置，并且有一个支持它的图像，并且你知道要调整的确切数量，并且可以让人坐在正确的位置，你就可以将其调整为聚焦。然而，这更多的是一个概念性的白日梦，而不是可行的现实。
编辑：汤姆让我对此做出回应：
我假设你有一个高架/电影/液晶投影仪或类似的东西......我猜这没有什么区别。它们具有手动对焦功能，可用于使图像聚焦或失焦......这用于允许图像在不同的墙壁/屏幕距离处正确聚焦。我不确定你所说的“搅拌投影仪”到底是什么意思……但我假设你的意思是“凝视投影仪”。
我还没有尝试过这个（因为我不需要眼镜，所以我不能），但我怀疑这会起作用。但你所做的本质上与戴眼镜是一样的……你正在观看图像，并调整焦点以补偿你的近视。镜头位于机器内部，而不是位于您脸上的一对镜架中，但概念在其他方面非常相似。
但是，这并不意味着您可以在屏幕上拍摄图像并对其进行模糊处理并使其正确渲染。
如果没有图表，很难解释为什么，但是可以像这样简单地解释为什么它们不是相同的情况......在投影仪/眼镜的情况下，您从一个完美的图像开始，但它不是不是通过一组镜头正确聚焦，然后调整镜头（添加眼镜或改变投影仪的焦点）以正确地使其聚焦......这是关键部分：您不会以任何方式降低图像质量。您只是使用折射来改变光线传播的角度。
另一方面，如果显示器上有图像，并且以某种方式对其进行模糊处理，那么您就是在改变和降低图像本身的质量。无论接收器的观看效果有多好，它最多只能显示出模糊的图像。
好吧，这可能不太令人满意，所以我将尝试制作几张图片：
P 将是我们的源点。它向各个方向发射光子。其中一些光子进入我们的眼睛。如果我们的眼睛是完美的，晶状体会将所有这些光线聚焦到视网膜上的一个点上。
为简单起见，我只绘制了从源点发射的三个光子，但实际上会有大量光子，处于许多不同的角度。关键是所有这些都应该通过晶状体聚焦到视网膜上的一个点上。
但在近视眼中，焦点位于视网膜之前，因此光线会交叉并且不会击中视网膜上的同一点。
这就是近视导致模糊的原因……每个源点只能在几个点上看到一点点，而不是恰好一个。
这也显示了眼镜和凝视投影仪如何提供帮助……我们在混合中添加了第二个镜头，以稍微补偿不完美的镜头。 （图像稍微放大）
请注意，眼镜的光线路径稍微向外弯曲......这就是它们补偿您眼睛中的晶状体的方式。
现在有什么办法可以通过模糊原始图像来弥补这一点吗？不幸的是，没有。如果我们尝试这样做，我们最终会得到这样的结果，源点现在模糊为两个位置，我们将其称为 Q 和 R。如果一切正常，模糊的 P（现在是 Q 和 R）应该正确地重新构建自身回到P：
（为了清晰起见，我将图片放大了一点......尽管它仍然不是很好。）
首先，我们将看看理想的眼睛：
我们从理想的眼睛中得到了我们所期望的......一个完美的复制品原始（模糊）图像。 （它是相反的，但没关系；眼睛的聚焦总是这样做......大脑翻转它，所以它看起来是正确的。）
那么当我们用近视眼尝试模糊图像时会发生什么？
正如你所看到的，我们的形象变得更糟了。它没有将 Q 和 R 重新组合回 P，而是使它们更加模糊。我们拍摄了一张模糊的图像，只是让它变得更加模糊。
我知道这些图片不太好，但我希望这能让事情变得更清晰（没有双关语的意思。）
另一个编辑：
顺便说一句，因为我确信这会被提出......眼睛的大部分聚焦能力实际上并不是由眼睛的“晶状体”完成的，而是由角膜......或更多具体来说，光线穿过角膜所含的房水。这就是为什么重塑角膜的激光手术可以用来纠正眼睛聚焦问题。然而，由于“镜头”在这里更熟悉并且具有语义意义，所以我坚持使用它。
Sadly, no. The problem with myopia is that the light coming into the eye is not focused correctly upon the retina. No matter what you do to an image, that image will come in unfocused. Unfocusing the image in any way will just mean that the viewer will have a blurrier image of a blurry object.
The crazy part of this answer: this could be possible if you had a monitor that, for each pixel, could potentially shine at different intensities/colors at different emission angles. If you had that setup, and had an image that supported it, and you knew the exact amount to adjust by, and could get the person to sit in exactly the right spot, you could potentially adjust it to be focused. However, this is more of a conceptual pipe dream than feasible reality.
EDIT: Tom asked me to respond to this:
I'll assume that you had either an overhead/film/lcd projector or something similar...I'm guessing it doesn't make a difference. They have manual focus features that can be used to bring the image in or out of focus...this is used to allow the image to focus correctly at different wall/screen distances. I'm not sure exactly what you mean by "stirring in the projector"...but I'm going to assume you mean "staring into the projector".
I haven't tried this (and since I don't need glasses, I can't), but I suspect that this would work. But what you're doing is essentially the same thing as wearing glasses...you're looking at an image, and adjusting the focus to compensate for your myopia. The lens is inside the machine rather than in a pair of frames on your face, but the concept is otherwise very similar.
However, it doesn't mean that you can take an image on a screen and blur it and have it render correctly.
Without a diagram, it's difficult to explain why, but a simplified explanation about why they're not identical cases could be made like this...in the case of the projector/glasses, you're starting with a perfect image that isn't being focused correctly by a set of lenses, and then adjusting the lenses (adding glasses or changing focus on the projector) to correctly bring it into focus...and this is the critical part: you are not degrading the image in any way. You're just using refraction to change the angles at which the light is traveling.
On the other hand, if you have an image on a monitor, and you blur it in some way, you are changing and degrading the image itself. No matter how good the receptor viewing it is, the best it can do is the blurred image that is being displayed.
Okay, that's not satisfying probably, so I'm going to try to make a few pictures:
P will be our source point. It emits photons from it in every direction. Some of these photons go into our eye. If our eye is perfect, the lens focuses all of those rays onto a single point on the retina.
For simplicity, I've drawn only three photons being emitted from the source point, but in reality there would be a large number of them, at many different angles. The point is that all of them should be focused by the lens onto a single spot on the retina.
But in a myopic eye, the focal point is before the retina, and so the rays cross over and do not hit at the same point on the retina.
This is what causes blurring by myopia...each source point is seen a tiny bit in a few spots, rather than exactly one.
This also shows how glasses and staring into a projector can help...we're adding a second lens into the mix to compensate slightly for the not-perfect one. (Image slightly expanded)
Notice the path of the light bends outwards slightly by the glasses...this is how they compensate for the lens in your eye.
Now is there anything can can be done by blurring the original image to compensate for this? Unfortunately, no. If we try to do this, we end up with something like this, with the source point now blurred into two locations that we'll call Q and R. If things work perfectly the blurred P (now Q and R) should reconstitute themselves correctly back into P:
(I'm expanding the picture a bit for clarity...though it's still not great.)
First, we'll look at an ideal eye:
We get exactly what we expect from the ideal eye...a perfect replica of the original (blurred) image. (It's reversed, but that's okay; the focusing of the eye always does that...the brain flips it around so it looks correct.)
So what happens when we try the blurred image with the myopic eye?
As you can see, our image has just gotten worse. Instead of recombining Q and R back into P, it's blurred them even more. We've taken a blurry image, and just made it more blurry.
I know the pictures aren't great, but I hope this makes things a bit clearer (no pun intended.)
Another Edit:
Just as an aside, because I'm sure this will be brought up...the majority of the focusing power of the eye is not actually done by the "lens" of the eye, but rather by the cornea...or more specifically, light passing through the aqueous humor contained by the cornea. This is why laser surgery that reshapes the cornea can be used to correct eye focus problems. However, since "lens" is more familiar and makes semantic sense here, I'm sticking with that.
您需要一个不仅能发光，还能将光发射到非常特定的方向的显示器，这样它就能模拟近视者戴眼镜时进入眼睛的辐射。
这将涉及某种我根本不知道存在的全息显示。
无论如何，这是一个硬件（和湿软件）问题，而不是软件问题。
更新
对于您直接凝视投影仪的情况（请确保您事先将光线显着调暗以避免完全损坏您的眼睛）：您可以聚焦投影仪并将您的眼睛置于适当的位置，以便落入眼睛的辐射模仿通过眼镜的辐射。不过，您不能过多移动眼睛的位置。
You would need a display which not only emits light, but emits that light into very specific directions such that it emulates the radiation falling into a mypic person's eyes when wearing glasses.
That would involve some kind of holographic display which I am not aware of existing at all.
In any case, this is a hardware (and wetware) problem, not a software one.
Update
For your case of directly staring into a projector (make sure you significantly dim the light beforehand to avoid completely ruining your eyes): You can focus the projector and put your eye into the proper position such that the radiation falling into the eye mimicks the radiation going through your glasses. You must not move your eye's position much, though.
我不会说这是可能的。我近视很严重，不戴眼镜我所看到的都是模糊的。据我所知，不可能创建出被观看者的眼睛模糊后看起来清晰的图像。
I wouldn't say it's possible. I'm badly nearsighted and all I see without my glasses is a blur. As far as I know, it's not possible to create an image that looks sharp after getting blurred by the viewer's eyes.
如果有软件可以做到这一点，我怀疑验光师会知道它，因为明显的应用是让患者校正图像，直到得出处方。
我对眼睛或光学了解不够，不知道这是否可能，但我怀疑如果你可以模拟处方镜片如何改变进入眼睛的光线（并且这种功能是可逆的），你可以改变图像，这样像素被发送到眼睛的右侧部分。
考虑到这一切，我确信有一些科学知识使得这件事变得非常困难，即使不是不可能。
If there is software that would do it, I suspect an optometrist would know about it because the obvious application is to have a patient correct an image until a prescription can be derived.
I don't know near enough about the eye or optics to know if this is possible but I suspect if you could model how prescription lenses alter the light going into the eye (and such a function is invertible), you could alter the image so the pixels get sent to the right part of the eye.
Given all that, I'm sure there's some science that makes this really hard, if not impossible.
当然可以，完全有可能扭曲显示的图案来补偿焦点问题。通过本质上散焦，或者真正产生相反的焦点，您可以有效地改变视网膜上的波会聚。现在的缺点是，失真在很大程度上取决于您距屏幕的距离以及相对于屏幕的角度。例如，每次您坐在客厅的不同位置时，您都需要调整电视。另外，如果有超过一个人观看，就会出现问题。这就是为什么平板电脑、笔记本电脑和手机可能是更好的选择……假设您愿意调整屏幕来查看它（尽管从技术上讲，使用适当的摄像头检测您的瞳孔距离、位置和面部识别来加载正确的处方配置文件）它可以在设备内动态计算）。
http://www.forbes.com/sites/jaymcgregor/2014/07/31/microsoft-and-mit-make-glasses-obsolete-with-new-display-technology/
http://televisions.reviewed.com/news/futuristic-displays- Correct -您的裸眼视力
Sure you can, its totally possible to distort displayed patterns to compensate for focus problem. By essentially de-focusing, or really producing an opposite focus you can effectively change the wave convergence on your retina. Now the down side is that the distortion would depend heavily on how far you are from the screen, and angle relative to the screen. So for example you would need to tune your TV every time you sat in a different place in your living room. In addition it would be a problem if there is more then one person watching. That's why tablets, laptops, and phones are probably a better option...assuming your willing to tune your screen to look at it (although technically with the proper camera detecting your pupillary distance, position, and facial recognition to load the right prescription profile it could be calculated dynamically within the device).
http://www.forbes.com/sites/jaymcgregor/2014/07/31/microsoft-and-mit-make-glasses-obsolete-with-new-display-technology/
http://televisions.reviewed.com/news/futuristic-displays-correct-your-vision-glasses-free
我添加这两个链接，在某种程度上回答了问题。我不认为这是是或否。有优点也有缺点。
虚拟眼镜：短视的复仇
用于补偿视觉畸变的定制显示
我还更新了 Brito 的“2010 年 4 月 4 日 23:22”评论的损坏链接：
近视眼的光学模型（带矫正镜片）
，Brito，您的眼睛状况有什么特点（即您的镜片参数）？
I add these two links, that somewhat answer the question. I don't think it's yes or no. There are pros and cons.
Virtual Glasses: The Myopic Revenge
Tailored Displays to Compensate for Visual Aberrations
I also update Brito's broken link of the "Apr 4 '10 at 23:22" comment:
Optics model for a Near-Sighted eye (with corrective lenses)
By the way, Brito, what are the characteristics of your eye condition (i.e., the parameters of your lens)?