将测试文件导入 JUnit 的简单方法

发布于 2024-08-27 17:24:22 字数 288 浏览 7 评论 0原文

有人可以建议一种简单的方法来获取对文件的引用作为 junit 测试类中的 String/InputStream/File/etc 类型对象吗?显然我可以将文件(在本例中为 xml)作为一个巨大的字符串粘贴或将其作为文件读取,但是是否有像这样的特定于 Junit 的快捷方式?

public class MyTestClass{

@Resource(path="something.xml")
File myTestFile;

@Test
public void toSomeTest(){
...
}

}

Can somebody suggest an easy way to get a reference to a file as a String/InputStream/File/etc type object in a junit test class? Obviously I could paste the file (xml in this case) in as a giant String or read it in as a file but is there a shortcut specific to Junit like this?

public class MyTestClass{

@Resource(path="something.xml")
File myTestFile;

@Test
public void toSomeTest(){
...
}

}

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评论(5

演多会厌 2024-09-03 17:24:22

您可以尝试 @Rule 注解。以下是文档中的示例:

public static class UsesExternalResource {
    Server myServer = new Server();

    @Rule public ExternalResource resource = new ExternalResource() {
        @Override
        protected void before() throws Throwable {
            myServer.connect();
        };

        @Override
        protected void after() {
            myServer.disconnect();
        };
    };

    @Test public void testFoo() {
        new Client().run(myServer);
    }
}

您只需创建扩展 ExternalResourceFileResource 类。

完整示例

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.rules.ExternalResource;

public class TestSomething
{
    @Rule
    public ResourceFile res = new ResourceFile("/res.txt");

    @Test
    public void test() throws Exception
    {
        assertTrue(res.getContent().length() > 0);
        assertTrue(res.getFile().exists());
    }
}

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;

import org.junit.rules.ExternalResource;

public class ResourceFile extends ExternalResource
{
    String res;
    File file = null;
    InputStream stream;

    public ResourceFile(String res)
    {
        this.res = res;
    }

    public File getFile() throws IOException
    {
        if (file == null)
        {
            createFile();
        }
        return file;
    }

    public InputStream getInputStream()
    {
        return stream;
    }

    public InputStream createInputStream()
    {
        return getClass().getResourceAsStream(res);
    }

    public String getContent() throws IOException
    {
        return getContent("utf-8");
    }

    public String getContent(String charSet) throws IOException
    {
        InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(createInputStream(),
            Charset.forName(charSet));
        char[] tmp = new char[4096];
        StringBuilder b = new StringBuilder();
        try
        {
            while (true)
            {
                int len = reader.read(tmp);
                if (len < 0)
                {
                    break;
                }
                b.append(tmp, 0, len);
            }
            reader.close();
        }
        finally
        {
            reader.close();
        }
        return b.toString();
    }

    @Override
    protected void before() throws Throwable
    {
        super.before();
        stream = getClass().getResourceAsStream(res);
    }

    @Override
    protected void after()
    {
        try
        {
            stream.close();
        }
        catch (IOException e)
        {
            // ignore
        }
        if (file != null)
        {
            file.delete();
        }
        super.after();
    }

    private void createFile() throws IOException
    {
        file = new File(".",res);
        InputStream stream = getClass().getResourceAsStream(res);
        try
        {
            file.createNewFile();
            FileOutputStream ostream = null;
            try
            {
                ostream = new FileOutputStream(file);
                byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
                while (true)
                {
                    int len = stream.read(buffer);
                    if (len < 0)
                    {
                        break;
                    }
                    ostream.write(buffer, 0, len);
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                if (ostream != null)
                {
                    ostream.close();
                }
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            stream.close();
        }
    }

}

You can try @Rule annotation. Here is the example from the docs:

public static class UsesExternalResource {
    Server myServer = new Server();

    @Rule public ExternalResource resource = new ExternalResource() {
        @Override
        protected void before() throws Throwable {
            myServer.connect();
        };

        @Override
        protected void after() {
            myServer.disconnect();
        };
    };

    @Test public void testFoo() {
        new Client().run(myServer);
    }
}

You just need to create FileResource class extending ExternalResource.

Full Example

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.rules.ExternalResource;

public class TestSomething
{
    @Rule
    public ResourceFile res = new ResourceFile("/res.txt");

    @Test
    public void test() throws Exception
    {
        assertTrue(res.getContent().length() > 0);
        assertTrue(res.getFile().exists());
    }
}

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;

import org.junit.rules.ExternalResource;

public class ResourceFile extends ExternalResource
{
    String res;
    File file = null;
    InputStream stream;

    public ResourceFile(String res)
    {
        this.res = res;
    }

    public File getFile() throws IOException
    {
        if (file == null)
        {
            createFile();
        }
        return file;
    }

    public InputStream getInputStream()
    {
        return stream;
    }

    public InputStream createInputStream()
    {
        return getClass().getResourceAsStream(res);
    }

    public String getContent() throws IOException
    {
        return getContent("utf-8");
    }

    public String getContent(String charSet) throws IOException
    {
        InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(createInputStream(),
            Charset.forName(charSet));
        char[] tmp = new char[4096];
        StringBuilder b = new StringBuilder();
        try
        {
            while (true)
            {
                int len = reader.read(tmp);
                if (len < 0)
                {
                    break;
                }
                b.append(tmp, 0, len);
            }
            reader.close();
        }
        finally
        {
            reader.close();
        }
        return b.toString();
    }

    @Override
    protected void before() throws Throwable
    {
        super.before();
        stream = getClass().getResourceAsStream(res);
    }

    @Override
    protected void after()
    {
        try
        {
            stream.close();
        }
        catch (IOException e)
        {
            // ignore
        }
        if (file != null)
        {
            file.delete();
        }
        super.after();
    }

    private void createFile() throws IOException
    {
        file = new File(".",res);
        InputStream stream = getClass().getResourceAsStream(res);
        try
        {
            file.createNewFile();
            FileOutputStream ostream = null;
            try
            {
                ostream = new FileOutputStream(file);
                byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
                while (true)
                {
                    int len = stream.read(buffer);
                    if (len < 0)
                    {
                        break;
                    }
                    ostream.write(buffer, 0, len);
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                if (ostream != null)
                {
                    ostream.close();
                }
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            stream.close();
        }
    }

}

长安忆 2024-09-03 17:24:22

如果您需要实际获取一个 File 对象,您可以执行以下操作:

URL url = this.getClass().getResource("/test.wsdl");
File testWsdl = new File(url.getFile());

这具有跨平台工作的优点,如 这篇博文

If you need to actually get a File object, you could do the following:

URL url = this.getClass().getResource("/test.wsdl");
File testWsdl = new File(url.getFile());

Which has the benefit of working cross platform, as described in this blog post.

挽手叙旧 2024-09-03 17:24:22

我知道您说过您不想手动读取文件,但这非常简单,

public class FooTest
{
    private BufferedReader in = null;

    @Before
    public void setup()
        throws IOException
    {
        in = new BufferedReader(
            new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream("/data.txt")));
    }

    @After
    public void teardown()
        throws IOException
    {
        if (in != null)
        {
            in.close();
        }

        in = null;
    }

    @Test
    public void testFoo()
        throws IOException
    {
        String line = in.readLine();

        assertThat(line, notNullValue());
    }
}

您所要做的就是确保有问题的文件位于类路径中。如果您使用 Maven,只需将该文件放入 src/test/resources 中,Maven 就会在运行测试时将其包含在类路径中。如果您需要经常做这种事情,您可以将打开文件的代码放在超类中,并让您的测试继承它。

I know you said you didn't want to read the file in by hand, but this is pretty easy

public class FooTest
{
    private BufferedReader in = null;

    @Before
    public void setup()
        throws IOException
    {
        in = new BufferedReader(
            new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream("/data.txt")));
    }

    @After
    public void teardown()
        throws IOException
    {
        if (in != null)
        {
            in.close();
        }

        in = null;
    }

    @Test
    public void testFoo()
        throws IOException
    {
        String line = in.readLine();

        assertThat(line, notNullValue());
    }
}

All you have to do is ensure the file in question is in the classpath. If you're using Maven, just put the file in src/test/resources and Maven will include it in the classpath when running your tests. If you need to do this sort of thing a lot, you could put the code that opens the file in a superclass and have your tests inherit from that.

遥远的她 2024-09-03 17:24:22

如果您想将测试资源文件作为字符串加载,只需几行代码并且没有任何额外的依赖项,那么这可以解决问题:

public String loadResourceAsString(String fileName) throws IOException {
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(fileName));
    String contents = scanner.useDelimiter("\\A").next();
    scanner.close();
    return contents;
}

“\\A”匹配输入的开头,并且只有一个。因此,这会解析整个文件内容并将其作为字符串返回。最重要的是,它不需要任何第三方库(如 IOUTils)。

If you want to load a test resource file as a string with just few lines of code and without any extra dependencies, this does the trick:

public String loadResourceAsString(String fileName) throws IOException {
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(fileName));
    String contents = scanner.useDelimiter("\\A").next();
    scanner.close();
    return contents;
}

"\\A" matches the start of input and there's only ever one. So this parses the entire file contents and returns it as a string. Best of all, it doesn't require any 3rd party libraries (like IOUTils).

梦纸 2024-09-03 17:24:22

你可以尝试这样做:

String myResource = IOUtils.toString(this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("yourfile.xml")).replace("\n","");

You can try doing:

String myResource = IOUtils.toString(this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("yourfile.xml")).replace("\n","");
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