如何在 JavaScript 中输出 ISO 8601 格式的字符串?

发布于 2024-08-27 06:26:12 字数 562 浏览 11 评论 0原文

我有一个 Date 对象。 如何呈现以下代码段的 title 部分?

<abbr title="2010-04-02T14:12:07">A couple days ago</abbr>

我有来自另一个库的“相对时间”部分。

我已经尝试了以下操作:

function isoDate(msSinceEpoch) {

   var d = new Date(msSinceEpoch);
   return d.getUTCFullYear() + '-' + (d.getUTCMonth() + 1) + '-' + d.getUTCDate() + 'T' +
          d.getUTCHours() + ':' + d.getUTCMinutes() + ':' + d.getUTCSeconds();

}

但这给了我:

"2010-4-2T3:19"

I have a Date object. How do I render the title portion of the following snippet?

<abbr title="2010-04-02T14:12:07">A couple days ago</abbr>

I have the "relative time in words" portion from another library.

I've tried the following:

function isoDate(msSinceEpoch) {

   var d = new Date(msSinceEpoch);
   return d.getUTCFullYear() + '-' + (d.getUTCMonth() + 1) + '-' + d.getUTCDate() + 'T' +
          d.getUTCHours() + ':' + d.getUTCMinutes() + ':' + d.getUTCSeconds();

}

But that gives me:

"2010-4-2T3:19"

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孤城病女 2024-09-03 06:26:12

已经有一个名为 toISOString( )

var date = new Date();
date.toISOString(); //"2011-12-19T15:28:46.493Z"

如果不知何故,你在浏览器不支持它,我已经帮您解决了:

if (!Date.prototype.toISOString) {
  (function() {

    function pad(number) {
      var r = String(number);
      if (r.length === 1) {
        r = '0' + r;
      }
      return r;
    }

    Date.prototype.toISOString = function() {
      return this.getUTCFullYear() +
        '-' + pad(this.getUTCMonth() + 1) +
        '-' + pad(this.getUTCDate()) +
        'T' + pad(this.getUTCHours()) +
        ':' + pad(this.getUTCMinutes()) +
        ':' + pad(this.getUTCSeconds()) +
        '.' + String((this.getUTCMilliseconds() / 1000).toFixed(3)).slice(2, 5) +
        'Z';
    };

  }());
}

console.log(new Date().toISOString())

There is already a function called toISOString():

var date = new Date();
date.toISOString(); //"2011-12-19T15:28:46.493Z"

If, somehow, you're on a browser that doesn't support it, I've got you covered:

if (!Date.prototype.toISOString) {
  (function() {

    function pad(number) {
      var r = String(number);
      if (r.length === 1) {
        r = '0' + r;
      }
      return r;
    }

    Date.prototype.toISOString = function() {
      return this.getUTCFullYear() +
        '-' + pad(this.getUTCMonth() + 1) +
        '-' + pad(this.getUTCDate()) +
        'T' + pad(this.getUTCHours()) +
        ':' + pad(this.getUTCMinutes()) +
        ':' + pad(this.getUTCSeconds()) +
        '.' + String((this.getUTCMilliseconds() / 1000).toFixed(3)).slice(2, 5) +
        'Z';
    };

  }());
}

console.log(new Date().toISOString())

罗罗贝儿 2024-09-03 06:26:12

请参阅页面上的最后一个示例 https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Core_JavaScript_1 .5_Reference:Global_Objects:日期

/* Use a function for the exact format desired... */
function ISODateString(d) {
    function pad(n) {return n<10 ? '0'+n : n}
    return d.getUTCFullYear()+'-'
         + pad(d.getUTCMonth()+1)+'-'
         + pad(d.getUTCDate())+'T'
         + pad(d.getUTCHours())+':'
         + pad(d.getUTCMinutes())+':'
         + pad(d.getUTCSeconds())+'Z'
}

var d = new Date();
console.log(ISODateString(d)); // Prints something like 2009-09-28T19:03:12Z

See the last example on page https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Core_JavaScript_1.5_Reference:Global_Objects:Date:

/* Use a function for the exact format desired... */
function ISODateString(d) {
    function pad(n) {return n<10 ? '0'+n : n}
    return d.getUTCFullYear()+'-'
         + pad(d.getUTCMonth()+1)+'-'
         + pad(d.getUTCDate())+'T'
         + pad(d.getUTCHours())+':'
         + pad(d.getUTCMinutes())+':'
         + pad(d.getUTCSeconds())+'Z'
}

var d = new Date();
console.log(ISODateString(d)); // Prints something like 2009-09-28T19:03:12Z
凝望流年 2024-09-03 06:26:12

注意:截至 2022 年 3 月,此答案仍在获得投票。 moment.js 库是 已弃用。这是两个主要的替代方案: LuxonDay.js,其他内容在弃用链接中提到。

卢克森

Luxon 可以被认为是 Moment 的进化。它的作者是
Isaac Cambron,Moment 的长期贡献者。请阅读 为什么
Luxon 存在吗?
以及对于 Moment 用户 页面卢克森
文档。

区域设置:国际提供 时区:国际提供

Day.js

Day.js 被设计为 Moment.js 的极简替代品,使用
类似的 API。它不是直接替代品,但如果您习惯了
使用 Moment 的 API 并希望快速行动,请考虑使用
Day.js。

区域设置:可以单独导入的自定义数据文件时间
区域:国际提供,通过插件

我使用 Day.js 因为大小差异,但 Luxon 更容易处理。


网络上几乎每个 to-ISO 方法都会在输出字符串之前通过转换为“Z”ulu 时间 (UTC) 来删除时区信息。浏览器的本机 .toISOString() 也会删除时区信息。

这会丢弃有价值的信息,因为服务器或收件人始终可以将完整的 ISO 日期转换为祖鲁时间或所需的任何时区,同时仍获取发件人的时区信息。

我遇到的最佳解决方案是使用 Moment.js javascript 库并使用以下代码:

获取包含时区信息和毫秒的当前 ISO 时间

now = moment().format("YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss.SSSZZ")
// "2013-03-08T20:11:11.234+0100"

now = moment().utc().format("YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss.SSSZZ")
// "2013-03-08T19:11:11.234+0000"

now = moment().utc().format("YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss") + "Z"
// "2013-03-08T19:11:11Z" <- better use the native .toISOString() 

获取包含时区信息但不包含毫秒的本机 JavaScript Date 对象的 ISO 时间

var current_time = Date.now();
moment(current_time).format("YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ssZZ")

这可以与 Date.js 结合使用来获取像 Date.today() 这样的函数,其结果可以传递给 moment。

像这样格式化的日期字符串与 JSON 兼容,并且非常适合存储到数据库中。 Python 和 C# 似乎很喜欢它。

Note: This answer is still getting upvotes as of 2022-03. The moment.js library is deprecated. These are the two main alternatives: Luxon and Day.js, others are mentioned in the deprecation link.

Luxon

Luxon can be thought of as the evolution of Moment. It is authored by
Isaac Cambron, a long-time contributor to Moment. Please read Why does
Luxon exist?
and the For Moment users pages in the Luxon
documentation.

Locales: Intl provided Time Zones: Intl provided

Day.js

Day.js is designed to be a minimalist replacement for Moment.js, using
a similar API. It is not a drop-in replacement, but if you are used to
using Moment's API and want to get moving quickly, consider using
Day.js.

Locales: Custom data files that can be individually imported Time
Zones: Intl provided, via a plugin

I use Day.js because of the size difference, but Luxon is easier to deal with.


Almost every to-ISO method on the web drops the timezone information by applying a convert to "Z"ulu time (UTC) before outputting the string. Browser's native .toISOString() also drops timezone information.

This discards valuable information, as the server, or recipient, can always convert a full ISO date to Zulu time or whichever timezone it requires, while still getting the timezone information of the sender.

The best solution I've come across is to use the Moment.js javascript library and use the following code:

To get the current ISO time with timezone information and milliseconds

now = moment().format("YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss.SSSZZ")
// "2013-03-08T20:11:11.234+0100"

now = moment().utc().format("YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss.SSSZZ")
// "2013-03-08T19:11:11.234+0000"

now = moment().utc().format("YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss") + "Z"
// "2013-03-08T19:11:11Z" <- better use the native .toISOString() 

To get the ISO time of a native JavaScript Date object with timezone information but without milliseconds

var current_time = Date.now();
moment(current_time).format("YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ssZZ")

This can be combined with Date.js to get functions like Date.today() whose result can then be passed to moment.

A date string formatted like this is JSON compilant, and lends itself well to get stored into a database. Python and C# seem to like it.

骷髅 2024-09-03 06:26:12

提出的问题是精度降低的 ISO 格式。瞧:

 new Date().toISOString().slice(0, 19) + 'Z'
 // '2014-10-23T13:18:06Z'

假设需要尾随 Z,否则就省略。

The question asked was ISO format with reduced precision. Voila:

 new Date().toISOString().slice(0, 19) + 'Z'
 // '2014-10-23T13:18:06Z'

Assuming the trailing Z is wanted, otherwise just omit.

放赐 2024-09-03 06:26:12

最短,但 Internet Explorer 8 及更早版本不支持:

new Date().toJSON()

Shortest, but not supported by Internet Explorer 8 and earlier:

new Date().toJSON()
滥情空心 2024-09-03 06:26:12

如果您不需要支持 IE7,以下是一个很棒、简洁的技巧:

console.log(
  JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(new Date()))
)

If you don't need to support IE7, the following is a great, concise hack:

console.log(
  JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(new Date()))
)

清醇 2024-09-03 06:26:12

我通常不想显示 UTC 日期,因为客户不喜欢在头脑中进行转换。要显示本地 ISO 日期,我使用以下函数:

function toLocalIsoString(date, includeSeconds) {
    function pad(n) { return n < 10 ? '0' + n : n }
    var localIsoString = date.getFullYear() + '-'
        + pad(date.getMonth() + 1) + '-'
        + pad(date.getDate()) + 'T'
        + pad(date.getHours()) + ':'
        + pad(date.getMinutes()) + ':'
        + pad(date.getSeconds());
    if(date.getTimezoneOffset() == 0) localIsoString += 'Z';
    return localIsoString;
};

上面的函数省略了时区偏移信息(除非本地时间恰好是 UTC),所以我使用下面的函数来显示本地偏移一个位置。如果您希望每次都显示偏移量,您还可以将其输出附加到上述函数的结果中:

function getOffsetFromUTC() {
    var offset = new Date().getTimezoneOffset();
    return ((offset < 0 ? '+' : '-')
        + pad(Math.abs(offset / 60), 2)
        + ':'
        + pad(Math.abs(offset % 60), 2))
};

toLocalIsoString 使用 pad。如果需要,它的工作方式几乎与任何 pad 功能类似,但为了完整起见,我使用的是:

// Pad a number to length using padChar
function pad(number, length, padChar) {
    if (typeof length === 'undefined') length = 2;
    if (typeof padChar === 'undefined') padChar = '0';
    var str = "" + number;
    while (str.length < length) {
        str = padChar + str;
    }
    return str;
}

I typically don't want to display a UTC date since customers don't like doing the conversion in their head. To display a local ISO date, I use the function:

function toLocalIsoString(date, includeSeconds) {
    function pad(n) { return n < 10 ? '0' + n : n }
    var localIsoString = date.getFullYear() + '-'
        + pad(date.getMonth() + 1) + '-'
        + pad(date.getDate()) + 'T'
        + pad(date.getHours()) + ':'
        + pad(date.getMinutes()) + ':'
        + pad(date.getSeconds());
    if(date.getTimezoneOffset() == 0) localIsoString += 'Z';
    return localIsoString;
};

The function above omits time zone offset information (except if local time happens to be UTC), so I use the function below to show the local offset in a single location. You can also append its output to results from the above function if you wish to show the offset in each and every time:

function getOffsetFromUTC() {
    var offset = new Date().getTimezoneOffset();
    return ((offset < 0 ? '+' : '-')
        + pad(Math.abs(offset / 60), 2)
        + ':'
        + pad(Math.abs(offset % 60), 2))
};

toLocalIsoString uses pad. If needed, it works like nearly any pad function, but for the sake of completeness this is what I use:

// Pad a number to length using padChar
function pad(number, length, padChar) {
    if (typeof length === 'undefined') length = 2;
    if (typeof padChar === 'undefined') padChar = '0';
    var str = "" + number;
    while (str.length < length) {
        str = padChar + str;
    }
    return str;
}
谁与争疯 2024-09-03 06:26:12

toISOString 的问题在于它仅以“Z”形式给出日期时间。

ISO-8601 还定义了以小时和分钟为单位的时区差异的日期时间,其形式如 2016-07-16T19:20:30+5:30(当时区领先于 UTC 时)和 2016-07-16T19:20:30-01 :00(当时区晚于 UTC 时)。

我认为使用另一个插件 moment.js 来完成这样一个小任务不是一个好主意,特别是当您可以通过几行代码获得它时。

获得以小时和分钟为单位的时区偏移后,您可以附加到日期时间字符串。

我写了一篇关于它的博客文章: http: //usefulangle.com/post/30/javascript-get-date-time-with-offset-hours-mins

var timezone_offset_min = new Date().getTimezoneOffset(),
  offset_hrs = parseInt(Math.abs(timezone_offset_min / 60)),
  offset_min = Math.abs(timezone_offset_min % 60),
  timezone_standard;

if (offset_hrs < 10)
  offset_hrs = '0' + offset_hrs;

if (offset_min > 10)
  offset_min = '0' + offset_min;

// getTimezoneOffset returns an offset which is positive if the local timezone is behind UTC and vice-versa.
// So add an opposite sign to the offset
// If offset is 0, it means timezone is UTC
if (timezone_offset_min < 0)
  timezone_standard = '+' + offset_hrs + ':' + offset_min;
else if (timezone_offset_min > 0)
  timezone_standard = '-' + offset_hrs + ':' + offset_min;
else if (timezone_offset_min == 0)
  timezone_standard = 'Z';

// Timezone difference in hours and minutes
// String such as +5:30 or -6:00 or Z
console.log(timezone_standard);

The problem with toISOString is that it gives datetime only as "Z".

ISO-8601 also defines datetime with timezone difference in hours and minutes, in the forms like 2016-07-16T19:20:30+5:30 (when timezone is ahead UTC) and 2016-07-16T19:20:30-01:00 (when timezone is behind UTC).

I don't think it is a good idea to use another plugin, moment.js for such a small task, especially when you can get it with a few lines of code.

Once you have the timezone offset in hours and minutes, you can append to a datetime string.

I wrote a blog post on it : http://usefulangle.com/post/30/javascript-get-date-time-with-offset-hours-minutes

var timezone_offset_min = new Date().getTimezoneOffset(),
  offset_hrs = parseInt(Math.abs(timezone_offset_min / 60)),
  offset_min = Math.abs(timezone_offset_min % 60),
  timezone_standard;

if (offset_hrs < 10)
  offset_hrs = '0' + offset_hrs;

if (offset_min > 10)
  offset_min = '0' + offset_min;

// getTimezoneOffset returns an offset which is positive if the local timezone is behind UTC and vice-versa.
// So add an opposite sign to the offset
// If offset is 0, it means timezone is UTC
if (timezone_offset_min < 0)
  timezone_standard = '+' + offset_hrs + ':' + offset_min;
else if (timezone_offset_min > 0)
  timezone_standard = '-' + offset_hrs + ':' + offset_min;
else if (timezone_offset_min == 0)
  timezone_standard = 'Z';

// Timezone difference in hours and minutes
// String such as +5:30 or -6:00 or Z
console.log(timezone_standard);

楠木可依 2024-09-03 06:26:12

“T”后面缺少一个“+”

isoDate: function(msSinceEpoch) {
  var d = new Date(msSinceEpoch);
  return d.getUTCFullYear() + '-' + (d.getUTCMonth() + 1) + '-' + d.getUTCDate() + 'T'
         + d.getUTCHours() + ':' + d.getUTCMinutes() + ':' + d.getUTCSeconds();
}

对于前导零,您可以使用 这里

function PadDigits(n, totalDigits) 
{ 
    n = n.toString(); 
    var pd = ''; 
    if (totalDigits > n.length) 
    { 
        for (i=0; i < (totalDigits-n.length); i++) 
        { 
            pd += '0'; 
        } 
    } 
    return pd + n.toString(); 
} 

像这样使用它:

PadDigits(d.getUTCHours(),2)

There is a '+' missing after the 'T'

isoDate: function(msSinceEpoch) {
  var d = new Date(msSinceEpoch);
  return d.getUTCFullYear() + '-' + (d.getUTCMonth() + 1) + '-' + d.getUTCDate() + 'T'
         + d.getUTCHours() + ':' + d.getUTCMinutes() + ':' + d.getUTCSeconds();
}

should do it.

For the leading zeros you could use this from here:

function PadDigits(n, totalDigits) 
{ 
    n = n.toString(); 
    var pd = ''; 
    if (totalDigits > n.length) 
    { 
        for (i=0; i < (totalDigits-n.length); i++) 
        { 
            pd += '0'; 
        } 
    } 
    return pd + n.toString(); 
} 

Using it like this:

PadDigits(d.getUTCHours(),2)
雨后彩虹 2024-09-03 06:26:12
function timeStr(d) { 
  return ''+
    d.getFullYear()+
    ('0'+(d.getMonth()+1)).slice(-2)+
    ('0'+d.getDate()).slice(-2)+
    ('0'+d.getHours()).slice(-2)+
    ('0'+d.getMinutes()).slice(-2)+
    ('0'+d.getSeconds()).slice(-2);
}
function timeStr(d) { 
  return ''+
    d.getFullYear()+
    ('0'+(d.getMonth()+1)).slice(-2)+
    ('0'+d.getDate()).slice(-2)+
    ('0'+d.getHours()).slice(-2)+
    ('0'+d.getMinutes()).slice(-2)+
    ('0'+d.getSeconds()).slice(-2);
}
你的笑 2024-09-03 06:26:12

我想我找到了一个更好的解决方案:

根据 wiki 页面 加拿大使用 ISO 8601 作为官方日期格式,因此我们可以安全地使用它。

console.log(new Date("2022-12-19 00:43:00 GMT+0100").toISOString().split("T")[0]);
// results in '2022-12-18'

console.log(new Date("2022-12-19 00:43:00 GMT+0100").toLocaleDateString("en-CA"));
// results in '2022-12-19'

I think I have found an even better solution:

According to the wiki page Canada uses ISO 8601 as the official date format, therefore we can safely use this.

console.log(new Date("2022-12-19 00:43:00 GMT+0100").toISOString().split("T")[0]);
// results in '2022-12-18'

console.log(new Date("2022-12-19 00:43:00 GMT+0100").toLocaleDateString("en-CA"));
// results in '2022-12-19'

站稳脚跟 2024-09-03 06:26:12

我能够用很少的代码得到下面的输出。

var ps = new Date('2010-04-02T14:12:07')  ;
ps = ps.toDateString() + " " + ps.getHours() + ":"+ ps.getMinutes() + " hrs";

输出:

Fri Apr 02 2010 19:42 hrs

I was able to get below output with very less code.

var ps = new Date('2010-04-02T14:12:07')  ;
ps = ps.toDateString() + " " + ps.getHours() + ":"+ ps.getMinutes() + " hrs";

Output:

Fri Apr 02 2010 19:42 hrs
夏雨凉 2024-09-03 06:26:12

我只想使用这个小扩展来 Date - http:// /blog.stevenlevithan.com/archives/date-time-format

var date = new Date(msSinceEpoch);
date.format("isoDateTime"); // 2007-06-09T17:46:21

I would just use this small extension to Date - http://blog.stevenlevithan.com/archives/date-time-format

var date = new Date(msSinceEpoch);
date.format("isoDateTime"); // 2007-06-09T17:46:21
瘫痪情歌 2024-09-03 06:26:12
function getdatetime() {
    d = new Date();
    return (1e3-~d.getUTCMonth()*10+d.toUTCString()+1e3+d/1)
        .replace(/1(..)..*?(\d+)\D+(\d+).(\S+).*(...)/,'$3-$1-$2T$4.$5Z')
        .replace(/-(\d)T/,'-0$1T');
}

我在某处找到了 Stack Overflow 的基础知识(我相信它是其他一些 Stack Exchange 代码高尔夫的一部分),并且我对其进行了改进,使其也可以在 Internet Explorer 10 或更早版本上运行。它很丑陋,但它可以完成工作。

function getdatetime() {
    d = new Date();
    return (1e3-~d.getUTCMonth()*10+d.toUTCString()+1e3+d/1)
        .replace(/1(..)..*?(\d+)\D+(\d+).(\S+).*(...)/,'$3-$1-$2T$4.$5Z')
        .replace(/-(\d)T/,'-0$1T');
}

I found the basics on Stack Overflow somewhere (I believe it was part of some other Stack Exchange code golfing), and I improved it so it works on Internet Explorer 10 or earlier as well. It's ugly, but it gets the job done.

埖埖迣鎅 2024-09-03 06:26:12

用一些糖和现代语法来扩展肖恩伟大而简洁的答案:

// date.js

const getMonthName = (num) => {
  const months = ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec'];
  return months[num];
};

const formatDate = (d) => {
  const date = new Date(d);
  const year = date.getFullYear();
  const month = getMonthName(date.getMonth());
  const day = ('0' + date.getDate()).slice(-2);
  const hour = ('0' + date.getHours()).slice(-2);
  const minutes = ('0' + date.getMinutes()).slice(-2);

  return `${year} ${month} ${day}, ${hour}:${minutes}`;
};

module.exports = formatDate;

然后例如。

import formatDate = require('./date');

const myDate = "2018-07-24T13:44:46.493Z"; // Actual value from wherever, eg. MongoDB date
console.log(formatDate(myDate)); // 2018 Jul 24, 13:44

To extend Sean's great and concise answer with some sugar and modern syntax:

// date.js

const getMonthName = (num) => {
  const months = ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec'];
  return months[num];
};

const formatDate = (d) => {
  const date = new Date(d);
  const year = date.getFullYear();
  const month = getMonthName(date.getMonth());
  const day = ('0' + date.getDate()).slice(-2);
  const hour = ('0' + date.getHours()).slice(-2);
  const minutes = ('0' + date.getMinutes()).slice(-2);

  return `${year} ${month} ${day}, ${hour}:${minutes}`;
};

module.exports = formatDate;

Then eg.

import formatDate = require('./date');

const myDate = "2018-07-24T13:44:46.493Z"; // Actual value from wherever, eg. MongoDB date
console.log(formatDate(myDate)); // 2018 Jul 24, 13:44
等数载,海棠开 2024-09-03 06:26:12

简短的一个:

console.log(new Date().toISOString().slice(0,19).replace('T', ' '))

A short one:

console.log(new Date().toISOString().slice(0,19).replace('T', ' '))
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