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Mac gcc 非虚拟 thunk 错误

发布于 2024-08-26 22:05:52 字数 7565 浏览 4 评论 0原文

我仅在应用程序的部署版本中收到这些非虚拟 thunk 错误。它使用名为 Lgi 的私有框架。使用 XCode 3.1.4（最新的 leopard？）在 10.5.8 上构建，错误如下所示：

Ld /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Development/Scribe.app/Contents/MacOS/Scribe normal i386
    cd /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00
    /Developer/usr/bin/g++-4.0 -arch i386 -L/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Development -F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Development -F/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build -F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development -F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development -F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Deployment -F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development -F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Deployment -filelist /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Scribe.build/Development/Scribe.build/Objects-normal/i386/Scribe.LinkFileList -framework Carbon -framework Lgi -o /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Development/Scribe.app/Contents/MacOS/Scribe
Undefined symbols:
  "non-virtual thunk to GWindow::OnDrop(char*, GVariant*, GdcPt2, int)", referenced from:
      vtable for ScribeWndin ScribeApp.o
      vtable for GShutdownin ScribeApp.o
      vtable for CalendarUiin Calendar.o
      vtable for CalendarViewWndin CalendarView.o
      vtable for CalendarConfigin CalendarView.o
      vtable for ScribeExportin Exp_Scribe.o
      vtable for GNewMailDlgin GNewMailDlg.o
      ....etc for lots of classes....

无论如何，我知道我不会保留那些未定义的内容，因为它实际上在开发构建中链接并运行良好。现在，在谷歌搜索问题后，首先要尝试的是更改优化设置，我就是这么做的……而且没有骰子。一些链接错误。

因此，这些虚拟函数最初是在 GDragDropTarget 中定义的，GWindow 的继承如下所示：

class LgiClass GWindow : public GView
#ifndef WIN32
    , public GDragDropTarget
#endif

（LgiClass 用于 win32 上的 __declspec 导出/导入）

接下来要尝试什么有什么想法吗？

顺便说一句，这是框架的一些示例标志：

CompileC build/Lgi.build/Deployment/Lgi.build/Objects-normal/i386/GViewCommon.o 
/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/src/common/Lgi/GViewCommon.cpp normal i386 c++ 
com.apple.compilers.gcc.4_0
cd /Users/matthew/Code/Lgi
/Developer/usr/bin/gcc-4.0 -x c++ -arch i386 -fmessage-length=0 -pipe -Wno-trigraphs 
-fpascal-strings -fasm-blocks -Os -Wreturn-type -Wunused-variable 
-isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk -fvisibility-inlines-hidden 
-mmacosx-version-min=10.4 
-I/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Lgi.build/Deployment/Lgi.build/Lgi.hmap 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Deployment 
-F/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks -Iinclude/common 
-Iinclude/mac -Iinclude/posix -I/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Deployment/include 
-I/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Lgi.build/Deployment/Lgi.build/DerivedSources/i386 
-I/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Lgi.build/Deployment/Lgi.build/DerivedSources 
-DMAC 
-include /var/folders/b4/b4LnxwCQGLCmwy36TH3QuU+++TQ/-Caches-/com.apple.Xcode.503/SharedPrecompiledHeaders/Lgi_Prefix-aukthgaeovjxcucuoascfyqekpzz/Lgi_Prefix.pch -c /Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/src/common/Lgi/GViewCommon.cpp 
-o /Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Lgi.build/Deployment/Lgi.build/Objects-normal/i386/GViewCommon.o

Ld /Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Lgi.build/Deployment/Lgi.build/Objects-normal/i386/Lgi normal i386
cd /Users/matthew/Code/Lgi
setenv MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET 10.4
/Developer/usr/bin/g++-4.0 -arch i386 -dynamiclib -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk 
-L/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Deployment 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Deployment 
-F/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks 
-filelist /Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Lgi.build/Deployment/Lgi.build/Objects-normal/i386/Lgi.LinkFileList 
-install_name @executable_path/../Frameworks/Lgi.framework/Versions/A/Lgi 
-mmacosx-version-min=10.4 -framework Carbon 
-framework SystemConfiguration -Wl,-single_module -compatibility_version 1 
-current_version 1 -o /Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Lgi.build/Deployment/Lgi.build/Objects-normal/i386/Lgi

这是应用程序的编译/链接标志：

    CompileC build/Scribe.build/Deployment/Scribe.build/Objects-normal/ppc/IHttp.o 
/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/src/common/INet/IHttp.cpp normal ppc c++ com.apple.compilers.gcc.4_0
cd /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00
/Developer/usr/bin/gcc-4.0 -x c++ -arch ppc -fmessage-length=0 -pipe -Wno-trigraphs 
-fpascal-strings -Os -mdynamic-no-pic -DMAC -DSCRIBE_APP -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk 
-mtune=G4 -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -mmacosx-version-min=10.4 
-I/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Scribe.build/Deployment/Scribe.build/Scribe.hmap 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Deployment -F/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Deployment 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Deployment 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Deployment 
-I/Users/matthew/libpng-1.2.37 -I/Users/matthew/jpeg-6b -I../../Lgi/include/common 
-I../../Lgi/include/mac -I../../aspell-0.60.6/interfaces/cc 
-I/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Deployment/include 
-IResources -I../Lgi/include/common -I../Lgi/include/mac 
-I/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Scribe.build/Deployment/Scribe.build/DerivedSources/ppc 
-I/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Scribe.build/Deployment/Scribe.build/DerivedSources 
-DMAC 
-include /var/folders/b4/b4LnxwCQGLCmwy36TH3QuU+++TQ/-Caches-/com.apple.Xcode.503/SharedPrecompiledHeaders/Scribe_Prefix-ebutivbeomfbzzguhklrzxnwuwzc/Scribe_Prefix.pch 
-c /Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/src/common/INet/IHttp.cpp 
-o /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Scribe.build/Deployment/Scribe.build/Objects-normal/ppc/IHttp.o

Ld /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Scribe.build/Deployment/Scribe.build/Objects-normal/i386/Scribe 
normal i386
cd /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00
setenv MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET 10.4
/Developer/usr/bin/g++-4.0 -arch i386 -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk 
-L/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Deployment 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Deployment 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Deployment 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Deployment 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Deployment 
-filelist /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Scribe.build/Deployment/Scribe.build/Objects-normal/i386/Scribe.LinkFileList 
-mmacosx-version-min=10.4 -framework Carbon -framework Lgi 
-o /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Scribe.build/Deployment/Scribe.build/Objects-normal/i386/Scribe

Undefined symbols:
"non-virtual thunk to GWindow::OnDrop(char*, GVariant*, GdcPt2, int)", referenced from:
    vtable for ScribeWndin ScribeApp.o
    vtable for GShutdownin ScribeApp.o

我不确定什么是相关的，所以我将它们全部发布。

原文

I'm getting these non-virtual thunk errors only in the Deployment build of my app. It uses a private framework called Lgi. Building on 10.5.8 using XCode 3.1.4 (latest for leopard?) The error looks like this:

Ld /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Development/Scribe.app/Contents/MacOS/Scribe normal i386
    cd /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00
    /Developer/usr/bin/g++-4.0 -arch i386 -L/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Development -F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Development -F/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build -F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development -F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development -F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Deployment -F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development -F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Deployment -filelist /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Scribe.build/Development/Scribe.build/Objects-normal/i386/Scribe.LinkFileList -framework Carbon -framework Lgi -o /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Development/Scribe.app/Contents/MacOS/Scribe
Undefined symbols:
  "non-virtual thunk to GWindow::OnDrop(char*, GVariant*, GdcPt2, int)", referenced from:
      vtable for ScribeWndin ScribeApp.o
      vtable for GShutdownin ScribeApp.o
      vtable for CalendarUiin Calendar.o
      vtable for CalendarViewWndin CalendarView.o
      vtable for CalendarConfigin CalendarView.o
      vtable for ScribeExportin Exp_Scribe.o
      vtable for GNewMailDlgin GNewMailDlg.o
      ....etc for lots of classes....

Anyway I know I'm not leaving those undefined because it does in fact link and run fine in the development build. Now after googling the issue the first thing to try is changing the optimization setting, which I did... and no dice. Some link error.

So these virtual functions are initially defined in GDragDropTarget, and GWindow's inheritance looks like this:

class LgiClass GWindow : public GView
#ifndef WIN32
    , public GDragDropTarget
#endif

(LgiClass being for __declspec export/import on win32)

Any ideas on what to try next?

Btw this is some example flags for the framework:

CompileC build/Lgi.build/Deployment/Lgi.build/Objects-normal/i386/GViewCommon.o 
/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/src/common/Lgi/GViewCommon.cpp normal i386 c++ 
com.apple.compilers.gcc.4_0
cd /Users/matthew/Code/Lgi
/Developer/usr/bin/gcc-4.0 -x c++ -arch i386 -fmessage-length=0 -pipe -Wno-trigraphs 
-fpascal-strings -fasm-blocks -Os -Wreturn-type -Wunused-variable 
-isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk -fvisibility-inlines-hidden 
-mmacosx-version-min=10.4 
-I/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Lgi.build/Deployment/Lgi.build/Lgi.hmap 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Deployment 
-F/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks -Iinclude/common 
-Iinclude/mac -Iinclude/posix -I/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Deployment/include 
-I/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Lgi.build/Deployment/Lgi.build/DerivedSources/i386 
-I/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Lgi.build/Deployment/Lgi.build/DerivedSources 
-DMAC 
-include /var/folders/b4/b4LnxwCQGLCmwy36TH3QuU+++TQ/-Caches-/com.apple.Xcode.503/SharedPrecompiledHeaders/Lgi_Prefix-aukthgaeovjxcucuoascfyqekpzz/Lgi_Prefix.pch -c /Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/src/common/Lgi/GViewCommon.cpp 
-o /Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Lgi.build/Deployment/Lgi.build/Objects-normal/i386/GViewCommon.o

Ld /Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Lgi.build/Deployment/Lgi.build/Objects-normal/i386/Lgi normal i386
cd /Users/matthew/Code/Lgi
setenv MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET 10.4
/Developer/usr/bin/g++-4.0 -arch i386 -dynamiclib -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk 
-L/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Deployment 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Deployment 
-F/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks 
-filelist /Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Lgi.build/Deployment/Lgi.build/Objects-normal/i386/Lgi.LinkFileList 
-install_name @executable_path/../Frameworks/Lgi.framework/Versions/A/Lgi 
-mmacosx-version-min=10.4 -framework Carbon 
-framework SystemConfiguration -Wl,-single_module -compatibility_version 1 
-current_version 1 -o /Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build/Lgi.build/Deployment/Lgi.build/Objects-normal/i386/Lgi

And this is the compile/link flags for the application:

    CompileC build/Scribe.build/Deployment/Scribe.build/Objects-normal/ppc/IHttp.o 
/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/src/common/INet/IHttp.cpp normal ppc c++ com.apple.compilers.gcc.4_0
cd /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00
/Developer/usr/bin/gcc-4.0 -x c++ -arch ppc -fmessage-length=0 -pipe -Wno-trigraphs 
-fpascal-strings -Os -mdynamic-no-pic -DMAC -DSCRIBE_APP -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk 
-mtune=G4 -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -mmacosx-version-min=10.4 
-I/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Scribe.build/Deployment/Scribe.build/Scribe.hmap 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Deployment -F/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Deployment 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Deployment 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Deployment 
-I/Users/matthew/libpng-1.2.37 -I/Users/matthew/jpeg-6b -I../../Lgi/include/common 
-I../../Lgi/include/mac -I../../aspell-0.60.6/interfaces/cc 
-I/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Deployment/include 
-IResources -I../Lgi/include/common -I../Lgi/include/mac 
-I/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Scribe.build/Deployment/Scribe.build/DerivedSources/ppc 
-I/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Scribe.build/Deployment/Scribe.build/DerivedSources 
-DMAC 
-include /var/folders/b4/b4LnxwCQGLCmwy36TH3QuU+++TQ/-Caches-/com.apple.Xcode.503/SharedPrecompiledHeaders/Scribe_Prefix-ebutivbeomfbzzguhklrzxnwuwzc/Scribe_Prefix.pch 
-c /Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/src/common/INet/IHttp.cpp 
-o /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Scribe.build/Deployment/Scribe.build/Objects-normal/ppc/IHttp.o

Ld /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Scribe.build/Deployment/Scribe.build/Objects-normal/i386/Scribe 
normal i386
cd /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00
setenv MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET 10.4
/Developer/usr/bin/g++-4.0 -arch i386 -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk 
-L/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Deployment 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Deployment 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Lgi/build 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Deployment 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Deployment 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Development 
-F/Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/../../Lgi/build/Deployment 
-filelist /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Scribe.build/Deployment/Scribe.build/Objects-normal/i386/Scribe.LinkFileList 
-mmacosx-version-min=10.4 -framework Carbon -framework Lgi 
-o /Users/matthew/Code/Scribe-Branches/v2.00/build/Scribe.build/Deployment/Scribe.build/Objects-normal/i386/Scribe

Undefined symbols:
"non-virtual thunk to GWindow::OnDrop(char*, GVariant*, GdcPt2, int)", referenced from:
    vtable for ScribeWndin ScribeApp.o
    vtable for GShutdownin ScribeApp.o

I'm not sure whats relevant so I posted them all.

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评论（3）

末骤雨初歇 2024-09-02 22:05:53

找到了 Matt 的帖子，大概是 Apple 的某个人： http:// lists.apple.com/archives/unix-porting/2003/Dec/msg00107.html

在其中，马特说：

[非虚拟 thunk 是]一个内部
用于 C++ 的实现细节
涉及的类层次结构
多重继承。你没有做
有什么问题；这是一个编译器
漏洞。我们知道我们需要修复它。
同时，最好的解决方法
我们知道的是使用相同的
链接的优化级别
您用来编译的库
图书馆。

（您也可以考虑不导出
来自库的 C++ 接口。我们
非常努力地工作以确保 C
和 Objective C ABI 保持不变
从一个编译器版本到下一个版本，
但我们对 C++ 没有做出这样的承诺。）

<前><代码> --马特

那么也许您正在尝试使用由不同版本的 C++ 编译器编译的 C++ 库？ C++ ABI 似乎并未被定义为可移植的。

里德

Found this posting from Matt, presumably someone at Apple: http://lists.apple.com/archives/unix-porting/2003/Dec/msg00107.html

In it, Matt says:

[A non-virtual thunk is] an internal
implementation detail used for C++
class hierarchies that involve
multiple inheritance. You aren't doing
anything wrong; this is a compiler
bug. We know that we need to fix it.
In the mean time, the best workaround
we know of is to use the same
optimization level for linking against
a library that you used to compile the
library.

(You might also consider not exporting
a C++ interface from a library. We
work very hard to make sure that the C
and Objective C ABI stays the same
from one compiler release to the next,
but we make no such promise for C++.)

      --Matt

So perhaps you are trying to use a C++ library that was compiled by a differently-versioned C++ compiler? The C++ ABI is not defined as portable it seems.

Reid

回复 原文
不爱素颜 2024-09-02 22:05:53

为什么不将生产版本的编译器标志更改为用于开发的编译器标志，然后逐渐将它们改回看起来像您现在使用的生产标志，直到您找到导致问题的标志为止？

然后您可以在 gcc 手册中查找此标志并进行更深入的研究。

Why not change the compiler flags of your production build to the ones you use for development and then gradually change them back to look like the production flags you use now one at the time until you catch the one that causes the problem?

Then you can look this flag up in the gcc manual and dig deeper.

回复 原文
泼猴你往哪里跑 2024-09-02 22:05:53

我制作了一个小型示例框架和应用程序，遵循我在主应用程序中使用的所有相同模式/类层次结构，以期制作一个简单的问题示例。但这是编译和链接的。我无法确定这是否是因为我从中删除了太多代码，或者是因为通过在当前版本的 XCode 中重新创建项目文件已经解决了问题。

因此，请尝试隔离哪些情况是正确的，我从头开始重新创建了整个框架项目（快进几个小时），并且以“发布”（而不是部署）模式构建，并与我的应用程序链接，没有错误！啊？哦哦哦哦哦。

这意味着原始项目文件以某种方式被破坏，而这些方式在选项中不容易看到。我将所有选项与新创建的项目进行了比较，结果几乎是 1:1。没有什么明显不同。所以它在选项文件中不可见。我确实遇到的一个问题是没有注意到项目选项实际上与目标选项不同。现在我知道要查看这两个地方，我可以看到一些“用户定义”选项在哪里妨碍了。

旧的项目文件已经经历了多次操作系统升级和多次 XCode 升级...我想可能某些升级发生了冲突并搞乱了项目。感谢您的阅读和评论。

更新：在“Release”模式编译后，你猜怎么着？是的，调试无法编译。啊啊啊啊啊！！因此，我复制了框架的所有设置，以便调试版本与目标和项目的发布版本完全相同。那不链接。工作仍在继续...

事实证明，应用程序的发布版本和调试版本之间的最后一个区别是我为调试版本定义“_DEBUG”。它打开各种东西，比如断言和一些额外的调试 API。现在我必须找出其中哪一个导致了链接错误。

I've made a tiny example framework and app that follow all the same patterns/class heirarchies that I use in my main app, with a view towards making a simple example of the problem. But that compiled and linked. I couldn't be sure whether that was because I'd cut too much code from it, or because by recreating the project files in the current version of XCode had fixed the problem.

So try and isolate which of those cases was true I re-created my entire framework project from scratch (fast forward some hours) and THAT builds in "Release" (not deployment) mode and links with my app with NO ERRORS! Huh? Ooooooooooooook.

That means that the original project file is broken in some way that isn't easily visible in the options. I diff'd all the options against a newly created project and it's pretty 1:1. Nothing obviously different. So it's something NOT visible in the options file. One problem I did have is not noticing that the project options are actually different to the target options. Now that I know to look in both places I can see where some "user defined" options are getting in the way.

The old project file has been through several OS upgrades and numerous XCode upgrades... I guess it's possible some of the upgrades have conflicted and messed up the project. So thanks for reading and for your comments.

Update: Well after getting "Release" mode to compile, guess what? Yup Debug DOESN'T compile. ARRRRGGGGGGGHHHHH!! So I've copied over all the settings for the framework so that the Debug build is exactly the same as the Release build for both Target and Project. That doesn't link. Work continues...

Turns out that the last difference between the Release and Debug builds of the App, is that I'm defining "_DEBUG" for the debug build. Which switches on various things like asserts and some extra debugging API's. Now I have to work out which of those is causing the link error.

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