带有初始值设定项列表的简单构造函数？

Question

下面我包含了我的 h 文件，我的问题是编译器不喜欢我的简单异常类的构造函数和初始值设定项列表。它还说 string 是未声明的标识符，即使我在 h 文件的顶部有 #include 。你看到我做错了什么吗？为了进一步解释，这是我的域类之一，我正在将其集成到 Windows 上的 wxWidgets GUI 应用程序中。

谢谢！

时间.h

#pragma once

#include <string>
#include <iostream>

// global constants for use in calculation
const int HOURS_TO_MINUTES = 60;
const int MINUTES_TO_HOURS = 100;

class Time
{
public:
   // default Time class constructor
   // initializes all vars to default values
   Time(void);
   // ComputeEndTime computes the new delivery end time
   // params - none
   // preconditions - vars will be error-free
   // postconditions - the correct end time will be returned as an int
   // returns an int
   int ComputeEndTime();
   // GetStartTime is the getter for var startTime
   // params - none
   // returns an int
   int GetStartTime() { return startTime; }
   // GetEndTime is the getter for var endTime
   // params - none
   // returns an int
   int GetEndTime() { return endTime; }
   // GetTimeDiff is the getter for var timeDifference
   // params - none
   // returns a double
   double GetTimeDiff() { return timeDifference; }
   // SetStartTime is the setter for var startTime
   // params - an int
   // returns void
   void SetStartTime(int s) { startTime = s; }
   // SetEndTime is the setter for var endTime
   // params - an int
   // returns void
   void SetEndTime(int e) { endTime = e; }
   // SetTimeDiff is the setter for var timeDifference
   // params - a double
   // returns void
   void SetTimeDiff(double t) { timeDifference = t; }
   // destructor for Time class
   ~Time(void);
private:
   int startTime;
   int endTime;
   double timeDifference;
};

class HourOutOfRangeException
{
public:
   // param constructor
   // initializes message to passed paramater
   // preconditions - param will be a string
   // postconditions - message will be initialized
   // params a string
   // no return type
   HourOutOfRangeException(string pMessage) : message(pMessage) {}
   // GetMessage is getter for var message
   // params none
   // preconditions - none
   // postconditions - none
   // returns string
   string GetMessage() { return message; }
   // destructor
   ~HourOutOfRangeException() {}
private:
   string message;
};

class MinuteOutOfRangeException
{
public:
   // param constructor
   // initializes message to passed paramater
   // preconditions - param will be a string
   // postconditions - message will be initialized
   // params a string
   // no return type
   MinuteOutOfRangeException(string pMessage) : message(pMessage) {}
   // GetMessage is getter for var message
   // params none
   // preconditions - none
   // postconditions - none
   // returns string
   string GetMessage() { return message; }
   // destructor
   ~MinuteOutOfRangeException() {}
private:
   string message;
};

class PercentageOutOfRangeException
{
public:
   // param constructor
   // initializes message to passed paramater
   // preconditions - param will be a string
   // postconditions - message will be initialized
   // params a string
   // no return type
   PercentageOutOfRangeException(string pMessage) : message(pMessage) {}
   // GetMessage is getter for var message
   // params none
   // preconditions - none
   // postconditions - none
   // returns string
   string GetMessage() { return message; }
   // destructor
   ~PercentageOutOfRangeException() {}
private:
   string message;
};

class StartEndException
{
public:
   // param constructor
   // initializes message to passed paramater
   // preconditions - param will be a string
   // postconditions - message will be initialized
   // params a string
   // no return type
   StartEndException(string pMessage) : message(pMessage) {}
   // GetMessage is getter for var message
   // params none
   // preconditions - none
   // postconditions - none
   // returns string
   string GetMessage() { return message; }
   // destructor
   ~StartEndException() {}
private:
   string message;
};

Answer 1

string 位于命名空间 std 中，因此您需要对其进行限定：std::string。初始化列表与该问题无关。

在不相关的注释中，您可能会考虑让异常类派生自标准库异常之一，例如 std::runtime_error。