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如何确定终端的背景颜色？

发布于 2024-08-26 08:10:52 字数 104 浏览 12 评论 0 原文

我想知道是否有任何方法可以确定终端的背景颜色？

就我而言，使用 gnome-terminal。
这可能很重要，因为完全由终端应用程序来绘制其窗口的背景，甚至可能不是纯色。

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温柔戏命师 2024-09-02 08:10:52

为此有一个 xterm 控制序列：(

\e]11;?\a

\e 和 \a 分别是 ESC 和 BEL 字符。）

Xterm 兼容终端应使用相同的序列进行回复，并将问号替换为 X11 颜色名称，例如 rgb:0000/0000/0000< /code> 为黑色。

There's an xterm control sequence for this:

\e]11;?\a

(\e and \a are the ESC and BEL characters, respectively.)

Xterm-compatible terminals should reply with the same sequence, with the question mark replaced by an X11 color name, e.g. rgb:0000/0000/0000 for black.

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故事↓在人 2024-09-02 08:10:52

我想出了以下内容：

#!/bin/sh
#
# Query a property from the terminal, e.g. background color.
#
# XTerm Operating System Commands
#     "ESC ] Ps;Pt ST"

oldstty=$(stty -g)

# What to query?
# 11: text background
Ps=${1:-11}

stty raw -echo min 0 time 0
# stty raw -echo min 0 time 1
printf "\033]$Ps;?\033\\"
# xterm needs the sleep (or "time 1", but that is 1/10th second).
sleep 0.00000001
read -r answer
# echo $answer | cat -A
result=${answer#*;}
stty $oldstty
# Remove escape at the end.
echo $result | sed 's/[^rgb:0-9a-f/]\+$//'

Source/Repo/Gist： https://gist.github.com/蓝色/c8470c2aad3381c33ea3

I've came up with the following:

#!/bin/sh
#
# Query a property from the terminal, e.g. background color.
#
# XTerm Operating System Commands
#     "ESC ] Ps;Pt ST"

oldstty=$(stty -g)

# What to query?
# 11: text background
Ps=${1:-11}

stty raw -echo min 0 time 0
# stty raw -echo min 0 time 1
printf "\033]$Ps;?\033\\"
# xterm needs the sleep (or "time 1", but that is 1/10th second).
sleep 0.00000001
read -r answer
# echo $answer | cat -A
result=${answer#*;}
stty $oldstty
# Remove escape at the end.
echo $result | sed 's/[^rgb:0-9a-f/]\+$//'

Source/Repo/Gist: https://gist.github.com/blueyed/c8470c2aad3381c33ea3

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上课铃就是安魂曲 2024-09-02 08:10:52

一些链接：

Xterm转义代码：
COLORFGBG 环境变量（由 Rxvt 使用，但其他不多。 ..):
它被设置为诸如 :[:]，
（<其他设置>： 是可选的），并且如果在 {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,8 }，然后我们有一些黑暗的背景。
维姆：
- 代码： https://github.com/vim/ vim/blob/05c00c038bc16e862e17f9e5c8d5a72af6cf7788/src/option.c#L3974
- Vim 如何猜测 xterm 上的背景颜色？
Emacs...（背景模式）（我认为它使用了转义码）
相关问题/报告/讨论：

章/2764" rel="noreferrer">Neovim 问题 2764：

/*
 * Return "dark" or "light" depending on the kind of terminal.
 * This is just guessing!  Recognized are:
 * "linux"         Linux console
 * "screen.linux"   Linux console with screen
 * "cygwin"        Cygwin shell
 * "putty"         Putty program
 * We also check the COLORFGBG environment variable, which is set by
 * rxvt and derivatives. This variable contains either two or three
 * values separated by semicolons; we want the last value in either
 * case. If this value is 0-6 or 8, our background is dark.
 */
static char_u *term_bg_default(void)
{
  char_u      *p;

  if (STRCMP(T_NAME, "linux") == 0
      || STRCMP(T_NAME, "screen.linux") == 0
      || STRCMP(T_NAME, "cygwin") == 0
      || STRCMP(T_NAME, "putty") == 0
      || ((p = (char_u *)os_getenv("COLORFGBG")) != NULL
          && (p = vim_strrchr(p, ';')) != NULL
          && ((p[1] >= '0' && p[1] <= '6') || p[1] == '8')
          && p[2] == NUL))
    return (char_u *)"dark";
  return (char_u *)"light";
}

关于 COLORFGBG env，来自 Gnome BugZilla 733423：

在我刚刚在 Linux 上尝试过的相当多的终端中，只有 urxvt 和 konsole 设置了它（没有设置的终端：xterm、st、terminology、pterm）。 Konsole 和 Urxvt 使用不同的语法和语义，即对我来说 konsole 将其设置为“0;15”（即使我使用“浅黄色上的黑色”配色方案 - 那么为什么不使用“默认”而不是“15”？），而我的 urxvt 将其设置为“0;default;15”（实际上是白底黑字 - 但为什么是三个字段？）。因此，这两个值都不符合您的规范。

这是我正在使用的一些自己的代码（via）：

def is_dark_terminal_background():
    """
    :return: Whether we have a dark Terminal background color, or None if unknown.
        We currently just check the env var COLORFGBG,
        which some terminals define like "<foreground-color>:<background-color>",
        and if <background-color> in {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,8}, then we have some dark background.
        There are many other complex heuristics we could do here, which work in some cases but not in others.
        See e.g. `here <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2507337/terminals-background-color>`__.
        But instead of adding more heuristics, we think that explicitly setting COLORFGBG would be the best thing,
        in case it's not like you want it.
    :rtype: bool|None
    """
    if os.environ.get("COLORFGBG", None):
        parts = os.environ["COLORFGBG"].split(";")
        try:
            last_number = int(parts[-1])
            if 0 <= last_number <= 6 or last_number == 8:
                return True
            else:
                return False
        except ValueError:  # not an integer?
            pass
    return None  # unknown (and bool(None) == False, i.e. expect light by default)

Some links:

Xterm escape code:
- http://www.talisman.org/~erlkonig/documents/xterm-color-queries/
- https://invisible-island.net/xterm/ctlseqs/ctlseqs.html (dynamic colors / Request Termcap/Terminfo String)
- http://thrysoee.dk/xtermcontrol/ (xtermcontrol --get-bg)
- https://gist.github.com/blueyed/c8470c2aad3381c33ea3
- https://github.com/rocky/bash-term-background/blob/master/term-background.sh
COLORFGBG environment variable (used by Rxvt but not many others...):
It is set to sth like <foreground-color>:[<other-setting>:]<background-color>,
(<other setting>: is optional), and if <background-color> in {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,8}, then we have some dark background.
Vim:
- code: https://github.com/vim/vim/blob/05c00c038bc16e862e17f9e5c8d5a72af6cf7788/src/option.c#L3974
- How does Vim guess background color on xterm?
Emacs... (background-mode) (I think it uses the escape code)
Related questions / reports / discussions:

E.g. some related snippet from Neovim issue 2764:

/*
 * Return "dark" or "light" depending on the kind of terminal.
 * This is just guessing!  Recognized are:
 * "linux"         Linux console
 * "screen.linux"   Linux console with screen
 * "cygwin"        Cygwin shell
 * "putty"         Putty program
 * We also check the COLORFGBG environment variable, which is set by
 * rxvt and derivatives. This variable contains either two or three
 * values separated by semicolons; we want the last value in either
 * case. If this value is 0-6 or 8, our background is dark.
 */
static char_u *term_bg_default(void)
{
  char_u      *p;

  if (STRCMP(T_NAME, "linux") == 0
      || STRCMP(T_NAME, "screen.linux") == 0
      || STRCMP(T_NAME, "cygwin") == 0
      || STRCMP(T_NAME, "putty") == 0
      || ((p = (char_u *)os_getenv("COLORFGBG")) != NULL
          && (p = vim_strrchr(p, ';')) != NULL
          && ((p[1] >= '0' && p[1] <= '6') || p[1] == '8')
          && p[2] == NUL))
    return (char_u *)"dark";
  return (char_u *)"light";
}

About COLORFGBG env, from Gnome BugZilla 733423:

Out of quite a few terminals I've just tried on linux, only urxvt and konsole set it (the ones that don't: xterm, st, terminology, pterm). Konsole and Urxvt use different syntax and semantics, i.e. for me konsole sets it to "0;15" (even though I use the "Black on Light Yellow" color scheme - so why not "default" instead of "15"?), whereas my urxvt sets it to "0;default;15" (it's actually black on white - but why three fields?). So in neither of these two does the value match your specification.

This is some own code I'm using (via):

def is_dark_terminal_background():
    """
    :return: Whether we have a dark Terminal background color, or None if unknown.
        We currently just check the env var COLORFGBG,
        which some terminals define like "<foreground-color>:<background-color>",
        and if <background-color> in {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,8}, then we have some dark background.
        There are many other complex heuristics we could do here, which work in some cases but not in others.
        See e.g. `here <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2507337/terminals-background-color>`__.
        But instead of adding more heuristics, we think that explicitly setting COLORFGBG would be the best thing,
        in case it's not like you want it.
    :rtype: bool|None
    """
    if os.environ.get("COLORFGBG", None):
        parts = os.environ["COLORFGBG"].split(";")
        try:
            last_number = int(parts[-1])
            if 0 <= last_number <= 6 or last_number == 8:
                return True
            else:
                return False
        except ValueError:  # not an integer?
            pass
    return None  # unknown (and bool(None) == False, i.e. expect light by default)

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一袭白衣梦中忆 2024-09-02 08:10:52

正如其他人提到的，您可以使用 OSC 11 ? 来查询终端（尽管支持有所不同）。

在 bash 和 gnome-terminal 中：

read -rs -d \\ -p 
00000000: 1b5d 3131 3b72 6762 3a30 3030 302f 3262  .]11;rgb:0000/2b
00000010: 3262 2f33 3633 361b 0a                   2b/3636..

请注意，Bash 有一些不错的功能（例如 read -s 禁用 echo、$'' 字符串作为转义码），但不幸的是吃掉最后一个反斜杠。
\e]11;?\e\\' BG
echo "$BG" | xxd

请注意，Bash 有一些不错的功能（例如 read -s 禁用 echo、$'' 字符串作为转义码），但不幸的是吃掉最后一个反斜杠。

As other's have mentioned, you may use OSC 11 ? to query the terminal (although support varies).

In bash and gnome-terminal:

read -rs -d \\ -p 
00000000: 1b5d 3131 3b72 6762 3a30 3030 302f 3262  .]11;rgb:0000/2b
00000010: 3262 2f33 3633 361b 0a                   2b/3636..

Note that Bash has some nice features for this (eg read -s disabling echo, $'' strings for escape codes), but it unfortunately eats the final backslash.
\e]11;?\e\\' BG
echo "$BG" | xxd

Note that Bash has some nice features for this (eg read -s disabling echo, $'' strings for escape codes), but it unfortunately eats the final backslash.