自动相机校准
根据维基百科，相机后方交会是查找产生给定相机的真实参数的过程照片或视频。相机切除也称为几何相机校准。
目前我正在使用 Camera Calibration Toolbox for Matlab 进行相机校准。该工具箱返回校准参数，例如焦距、主点、偏斜和畸变。然而，这种方法的问题在于，它需要通过使用特殊的校准物体（如棋盘）来校准相机的额外步骤。此外，它仅适用于相机的一个焦点。
如何在不手动校准的情况下获取校准参数？例如，微软的 Photosynth 如何对其图像进行相机校准？
From Wikipedia, camera resectioning is the process of finding the true parameters of the camera that produced a given photograph or video. Camera resectioning is also known as geometric camera calibration.
Currently I am using Camera Calibration Toolbox for Matlab for my camera calibration. The toolbox returns calibration parameters such as focal length, principle point, skew, and distortion. However, the issue with this method is that it requires an extra step in calibrating the camera by using a special calibration object like a checkerboard. Additionally, it only works for one focus of the camera.
How can I get the calibration parameters without manually calibrating? For example, how does Microsoft's Photosynth perform camera calibration on its images?
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您正在寻找称为自校准或自动校准的研究机构。有几篇论文（免费），我建议从这篇开始 教程。
You're looking for a body of research called self-calibration or auto-calibration. There are several papers (for free) and I'd recommend starting with this tutorial.
Photosynth 的优点是它拥有同一场景的多张图像，并且可以通过它们跟踪兴趣点。这很可能是他们用来确定照片拍摄位置以及视角和焦距的主要方法。虽然您可能只能获得与其他视图相对的结果，但大多数视图可能聚集在一个平面中，然后您只需将其声明为地面。
顺便说一句：构建此项目的研究人员确实发表了相关出版物，可在线获取1：摄影旅游，通过互联网照片集模拟世界，在世界照片中寻找路径。
1 如果您确实订阅了 ACM，但一般情况下，您至少应该在工作/大学/其他任何地方订阅。
Photosynth has the advantage that it has several images of the same scene and can track points of interest through them. It's likely that that is the main method they use for determining the locations where the photos have been taken as well as viewing angles and focal lengths. While you probably only get relative results to the other views most of them likely cluster in a single plane you then simply declare as ground.
By the way: The researchers who built this did make publications about it which are available online1: Photo Tourism, Modeling the World from Internet Photo Collections, Finding paths through the world's photos.
1 Provided you do have an ACM subscription but generally, you should have, at laest at work/uni/whatever.
它也不需要做任何像从棋盘中获得的亚像素级校正那样的事情。
最好的情况下，它必须简单地旋转和移动重叠的图像，即使图像质量较差，它也只需要找到一些边缘来消除会聚的垂直线。
It also doesn't need to do anything like the sub-pixel level of correction you get from a checkerboard.
At best it has to simply rotated and shift overlapping images, even with poor images it only has to find a few edges to take out converging verticals.
也许相机制造商可以为您提供数据。我对 Photosynth 一无所知，但是在没有一些目标来校准或已知镜头和传感器属性的情况下进行的任何“校准”都必然基于可疑的先前信念，不是吗？
编辑：我从其他评论中看到 Photosynth 将照片拼接在一起。因此，先验信念包括这样的知识：多张照片是同一场景的不同方面的照片。它的工作并不是校准相机，而是协调图像本身。
Perhaps the camera manufacturer could provide you with data. I don't know anything about Photosynth, but any "calibration" done without some object to calibrate against or known properties of the lenses and sensors and such would necessarily be based on suspect prior beliefs, no?
Edit: I see from other comments that Photosynth stitches photos together. So the prior beliefs include the knowledge that several photos are pictures of different aspects of the same scene. Its job then is not so much to calibrate the camera, but to reconcile the images themselves.