在 python 中处理负数

Question

我是编程概念课程的学生。该实验室由助教运营，今天在实验室他给了我们一个真正简单的小程序来构建。这是一个用加法相乘的方法。不管怎样，他让我们使用绝对以避免用负数破坏前卫。我很快就搞定了，然后和他争论了 10 分钟，说这数学不好。 4 * -5 不等于 20，它等于 -20。他说他真的不在乎这一点，而且无论如何让节目处理负面因素都太难了。所以我的问题是我该如何解决这个问题。

这是我提交的程序：

#get user input of numbers as variables

numa, numb = input("please give 2 numbers to multiply seperated with a comma:")

#standing variables
total = 0
count = 0

#output the total
while (count< abs(numb)):
    total = total + numa
    count = count + 1

#testing statements
if (numa, numb <= 0):
    print abs(total)
else:
    print total

我想在没有绝对的情况下做到这一点，但是每次我输入负数时，我都会得到一个大胖鹅蛋。我知道有一些简单的方法可以做到这一点，但我找不到。

Answer 1

效果的东西来实现这一点

text = raw_input("please give 2 numbers to multiply separated with a comma:")
split_text = text.split(',')
a = int(split_text[0])
b = int(split_text[1])
# The last three lines could be written: a, b = map(int, text.split(','))
# but you may find the code I used a bit easier to understand for now.

if b > 0:
    num_times = b
else:
    num_times = -b

total = 0
# While loops with counters basically should not be used, so I replaced the loop 
# with a for loop. Using a while loop at all is rare.
for i in xrange(num_times):
    total += a 
    # We do this a times, giving us total == a * abs(b)

if b < 0:
    # If b is negative, adjust the total to reflect this.
    total = -total

print total

也许你会通过一些达到或可能

a * b

Answer 2

太难了？你的助教是……好吧，这个短语可能会让我被禁止。无论如何，检查一下 numb 是否为负数。如果是，则将 numa 乘以 -1 并执行 numb = abs(numb)。然后做循环。

Answer 3

while 条件中的 abs() 是必需的，因为它控制迭代次数（如何定义负迭代次数？）。如果 numb 为负数，您可以通过反转结果的符号来纠正它。

这是您的代码的修改版本。注意我用更干净的 for 循环替换了 while 循环。

#get user input of numbers as variables
numa, numb = input("please give 2 numbers to multiply seperated with a comma:")

#standing variables
total = 0

#output the total
for count in range(abs(numb)):
    total += numa

if numb < 0:
    total = -total

print total

Answer 4

在你的 TA 上试试这个：

# Simulate multiplying two N-bit two's-complement numbers
# into a 2N-bit accumulator
# Use shift-add so that it's O(base_2_log(N)) not O(N)

for numa, numb in ((3, 5), (-3, 5), (3, -5), (-3, -5), (-127, -127)):
    print numa, numb,
    accum = 0
    negate = False
    if numa < 0:
        negate = True
        numa = -numa
    while numa:
        if numa & 1:
            accum += numb
        numa >>= 1
        numb <<= 1
    if negate:
        accum = -accum
    print accum

输出：

3 5 15
-3 5 -15
3 -5 -15
-3 -5 15
-127 -127 16129

Answer 5

类似的事情怎么样？ （不使用 abs() 也不使用乘法）
注意：

• abs()函数仅用于优化技巧。该片段可以被删除或重新编码。
• 逻辑效率较低，因为我们在每次迭代中测试 a 和 b 的符号（避免 abs() 和乘法运算符的代价）

---

def multiply_by_addition(a, b):
""" School exercise: multiplies integers a and b, by successive additions.
"""
   if abs(a) > abs(b):
      a, b = b, a     # optimize by reducing number of iterations
   total = 0
   while a != 0:
      if a > 0:
         a -= 1
         total += b
      else:
         a += 1
         total -= b
   return total

multiply_by_addition(2,3)
6
multiply_by_addition(4,3)
12
multiply_by_addition(-4,3)
-12
multiply_by_addition(4,-3)
-12
multiply_by_addition(-4,-3)
12

Answer 6

谢谢大家，你们帮助我学到了很多。这是我根据大家的建议得出的结论，

#this is apparently a better way of getting multiple inputs at the same time than the 
#way I was doing it
text = raw_input("please give 2 numbers to multiply separated with a comma:")
split_text = text.split(',')
numa = int(split_text[0])
numb = int(split_text[1])

#standing variables
total = 0

if numb > 0:
    repeat = numb
else:
    repeat = -numb

#for loops work better than while loops and are cheaper
#output the total
for count in range(repeat):
    total += numa


#check to make sure the output is accurate
if numb < 0:
    total = -total


print total

感谢大家的帮助。

Answer 7

尝试这样做：

num1 = int(input("Enter your first number: "))
num2 = int(input("Enter your second number: "))
ans = num1*num2


if num1 > 0 or num2 > 0:
    print(ans)

elif num1 > 0 and num2 < 0 or num1 < 0 and num1 > 0:
    print("-"+ans)

elif num1 < 0 and num2 < 0:
    print("Your product is "+ans)
else:
    print("Invalid entry")

Answer 8

import time

print ('Two Digit Multiplication Calculator')
print ('===================================')
print ()
print ('Give me two numbers.')

x = int ( input (':'))

y = int ( input (':'))

z = 0

print ()


while x > 0:
    print (':',z)
    x = x - 1
    z = y + z
    time.sleep (.2)
    if x == 0:
        print ('Final answer: ',z)

while x < 0:
    print (':',-(z))
    x = x + 1
    z = y + z
    time.sleep (.2)
    if x == 0:
        print ('Final answer: ',-(z))

print ()