The information you seek can be found by comparing the data sheets: AT89C51, AT89S51, however you will see in this first link that it states:
Not recommended for new designs. Use AT89S51.
So that probably makes your last question irrelevant, you should use the AT89S51 regardless.
With regard to your second question (which I interpret as "connecting to a development host"), I suggest that you use an off-the-shelf development board unless you have the means and skill to produce your own. In-system programming can be achieved through the UART (there's an app. note in the link above), so you'll need a PC with an RS-232 serial interface and a NULL-Modem cable (the latter may come with the board). If you do not have a serial port on your PC, get a USB serial port adapter.
Obviously you need the development tools; at leas a compiler, and for debugging you'd benefit from an emulator; again the link above has references to tools.
Overall; read the manufacturer's documentation is the answer to all your questions! ;-)
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您可以通过比较数据表找到您需要的信息：AT89C51，AT89S51，但是您会在第一个链接中看到它指出：
因此，这可能使您的最后一个问题无关紧要，无论如何您都应该使用 AT89S51。
关于你的第二个问题（我将其解释为“连接到开发主机”），我建议你使用现成的开发板，除非你有能力和技能来生产自己的开发板。系统内编程可以通过 UART 来实现（上面的链接中有一个应用说明），因此您需要一台带有 RS-232 串行接口和 NULL-Modem 电缆的 PC（后者可能随开发板一起提供） ）。如果您的 PC 上没有串行端口，请获取 USB 串行端口适配器。
显然你需要开发工具；至少有一个编译器，并且为了调试，您可以从模拟器中受益；上面的链接再次引用了工具。
全面的;阅读制造商的文档可以解答您所有的问题！ ;-)
The information you seek can be found by comparing the data sheets: AT89C51, AT89S51, however you will see in this first link that it states:
So that probably makes your last question irrelevant, you should use the AT89S51 regardless.
With regard to your second question (which I interpret as "connecting to a development host"), I suggest that you use an off-the-shelf development board unless you have the means and skill to produce your own. In-system programming can be achieved through the UART (there's an app. note in the link above), so you'll need a PC with an RS-232 serial interface and a NULL-Modem cable (the latter may come with the board). If you do not have a serial port on your PC, get a USB serial port adapter.
Obviously you need the development tools; at leas a compiler, and for debugging you'd benefit from an emulator; again the link above has references to tools.
Overall; read the manufacturer's documentation is the answer to all your questions! ;-)