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为什么 fprintf 开始乱序打印或根本不打印？

发布于 2024-08-25 00:32:10 字数 7645 浏览 9 评论 0原文

这段代码应该采用一个整数，创建管道，生成两个子管道，等到它们死掉，然后重新开始。然而，大约在循环第三次时，我失去了输入数字的提示，并且它不再打印我输入的数字。有什么想法吗？

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>

#define WRITE   1
#define READ    0

int main (int argc, const char * argv[]) {

    //Pipe file-descriptor array
    unsigned int isChildA = 0;
    int pipeA[2];
    int pipeB[2];
    int num = 0;

    while(1){


    fprintf(stderr,"Enter an integer: ");
    scanf("%i", &num);

    if(num == 0){
        fprintf(stderr,"You entered zero, exiting...\n");
        exit(0);
    }

    //Open Pipes
    if(pipe(pipeA) < 0){
        fprintf(stderr,"Could not create pipe A.\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    if(pipe(pipeB) < 0){
        fprintf(stderr,"Could not create pipe B.\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    fprintf(stderr,"Value read: %i \n", num);
    fprintf(stderr,"Parent PID: %i\n", getpid());

    pid_t procID = fork();

    switch (procID) {
        case -1:
            fprintf(stderr,"Fork error, quitting...\n");
            exit(1);
            break;

        case 0:
            isChildA = 1;
            break;

        default:
            procID = fork();

            if (procID<0) {
                fprintf(stderr,"Fork error, quitting...\n");
                exit(1);
            }
            else if(procID == 0){
                isChildA = 0;
            }

            else {

                write(pipeA[WRITE], &num, sizeof(int));
                close(pipeA[WRITE]);
                close(pipeA[READ]);
                close(pipeB[WRITE]);
                close(pipeB[READ]);

                pid_t pid;

                while (pid = waitpid(-1, NULL, 0)) {
                    if (errno == ECHILD) {
                        break;
                    }
                }

            }


            break;
    }

    if (procID == 0) {
        //We're a child, do kid-stuff.
        ssize_t bytesRead = 0;
        int response;

        while (1) {

            while (bytesRead == 0) {
                bytesRead = read((isChildA?pipeA[READ]:pipeB[READ]), &response, sizeof(int));
            }
            if (response < 2) {
                //Kill other child and self
                fprintf(stderr, "Terminating PROCID: %i\n", getpid());
                write((isChildA?pipeB[WRITE]:pipeA[WRITE]), &response, sizeof(int));
                close(pipeA[WRITE]);
                close(pipeA[READ]);
                close(pipeB[WRITE]);
                close(pipeB[READ]);
                return 0;
            }
            else if(!(response%2)){
                //Even
                response/=2;
                fprintf(stderr,"PROCID: %i, VALUE: %i\n", getpid(), response);
                write((isChildA?pipeB[WRITE]:pipeA[WRITE]), &response, sizeof(int));
                bytesRead = 0;
            }

            else {
                //Odd
                response*=3;
                response++;
                fprintf(stderr,"PROCID: %i, VALUE: %i\n", getpid(), response);
                write((isChildA?pipeB[WRITE]:pipeA[WRITE]), &response, sizeof(int));
                bytesRead = 0;
            }


        }
    }
}

    return 0;
}

这是我得到的输出...

bash-3.00$ ./proj2 
Enter an integer: 101
Value read: 101 
Parent PID: 9379
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 304
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 152
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 76
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 38
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 19
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 58
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 29
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 88
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 44
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 22
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 11
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 34
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 17
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 52
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 26
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 13
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 40
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 20
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 10
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 5
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 16
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 8
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 4
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 2
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 1
Terminating PROCID: 9381
Terminating PROCID: 9380
Enter an integer: 102
Value read: 102 
Parent PID: 9379
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 51
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 154
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 77
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 232
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 116
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 58
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 29
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 88
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 44
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 22
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 11
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 34
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 17
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 52
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 26
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 13
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 40
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 20
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 10
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 5
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 16
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 8
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 4
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 2
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 1
Terminating PROCID: 9387
Terminating PROCID: 9386
Enter an integer: 104
Value read: 104 
Parent PID: 9379
Enter an integer: PROCID: 9388, VALUE: 52
PROCID: 9389, VALUE: 26
PROCID: 9388, VALUE: 13
PROCID: 9389, VALUE: 40
PROCID: 9388, VALUE: 20
PROCID: 9389, VALUE: 10
PROCID: 9388, VALUE: 5
PROCID: 9389, VALUE: 16
PROCID: 9388, VALUE: 8
PROCID: 9389, VALUE: 4
PROCID: 9388, VALUE: 2
PROCID: 9389, VALUE: 1
Terminating PROCID: 9388
Terminating PROCID: 9389
105
Value read: 105 
Parent PID: 9379
Enter an integer: PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 316
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 158
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 79
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 238
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 119
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 358
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 179
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 538
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 269
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 808
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 404
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 202
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 101
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 304
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 152
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 76
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 38
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 19
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 58
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 29
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 88
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 44
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 22
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 11
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 34
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 17
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 52
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 26
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 13
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 40
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 20
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 10
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 5
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 16
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 8
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 4
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 2
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 1
Terminating PROCID: 9395
Terminating PROCID: 9396
105
Value read: 105 
Parent PID: 9379
Enter an integer: PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 316
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 158
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 79
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 238
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 119
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 358
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 179
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 538
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 269
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 808
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 404
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 202
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 101
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 304
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 152
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 76
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 38
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 19
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 58
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 29
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 88
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 44
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 22
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 11
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 34
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 17
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 52
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 26
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 13
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 40
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 20
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 10
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 5
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 16
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 8
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 4
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 2
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 1
Terminating PROCID: 9397
Terminating PROCID: 9398
106
Value read: 106 
Parent PID: 9379
Enter an integer: PROCID: 9399, VALUE: 53
PROCID: 9400, VALUE: 160
PROCID: 9399, VALUE: 80
PROCID: 9400, VALUE: 40
PROCID: 9399, VALUE: 20
PROCID: 9400, VALUE: 10
PROCID: 9399, VALUE: 5
PROCID: 9400, VALUE: 16
PROCID: 9399, VALUE: 8
PROCID: 9400, VALUE: 4
PROCID: 9399, VALUE: 2
PROCID: 9400, VALUE: 1
Terminating PROCID: 9399
Terminating PROCID: 9400
^C

另一件事很奇怪，当从 XCode 中运行时它表现正常。然而，当从 Solaris 或 OSX 上的 bash 运行时，它会出现问题。

原文

This code should take an integer, create pipes, spawn two children, wait until they are dead, and start all over again. However, around the third time around the loop I lose my prompt to enter a number and it no longer prints the number I've entered. Any ideas?

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>

#define WRITE   1
#define READ    0

int main (int argc, const char * argv[]) {

    //Pipe file-descriptor array
    unsigned int isChildA = 0;
    int pipeA[2];
    int pipeB[2];
    int num = 0;

    while(1){


    fprintf(stderr,"Enter an integer: ");
    scanf("%i", &num);

    if(num == 0){
        fprintf(stderr,"You entered zero, exiting...\n");
        exit(0);
    }

    //Open Pipes
    if(pipe(pipeA) < 0){
        fprintf(stderr,"Could not create pipe A.\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    if(pipe(pipeB) < 0){
        fprintf(stderr,"Could not create pipe B.\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    fprintf(stderr,"Value read: %i \n", num);
    fprintf(stderr,"Parent PID: %i\n", getpid());

    pid_t procID = fork();

    switch (procID) {
        case -1:
            fprintf(stderr,"Fork error, quitting...\n");
            exit(1);
            break;

        case 0:
            isChildA = 1;
            break;

        default:
            procID = fork();

            if (procID<0) {
                fprintf(stderr,"Fork error, quitting...\n");
                exit(1);
            }
            else if(procID == 0){
                isChildA = 0;
            }

            else {

                write(pipeA[WRITE], &num, sizeof(int));
                close(pipeA[WRITE]);
                close(pipeA[READ]);
                close(pipeB[WRITE]);
                close(pipeB[READ]);

                pid_t pid;

                while (pid = waitpid(-1, NULL, 0)) {
                    if (errno == ECHILD) {
                        break;
                    }
                }

            }


            break;
    }

    if (procID == 0) {
        //We're a child, do kid-stuff.
        ssize_t bytesRead = 0;
        int response;

        while (1) {

            while (bytesRead == 0) {
                bytesRead = read((isChildA?pipeA[READ]:pipeB[READ]), &response, sizeof(int));
            }
            if (response < 2) {
                //Kill other child and self
                fprintf(stderr, "Terminating PROCID: %i\n", getpid());
                write((isChildA?pipeB[WRITE]:pipeA[WRITE]), &response, sizeof(int));
                close(pipeA[WRITE]);
                close(pipeA[READ]);
                close(pipeB[WRITE]);
                close(pipeB[READ]);
                return 0;
            }
            else if(!(response%2)){
                //Even
                response/=2;
                fprintf(stderr,"PROCID: %i, VALUE: %i\n", getpid(), response);
                write((isChildA?pipeB[WRITE]:pipeA[WRITE]), &response, sizeof(int));
                bytesRead = 0;
            }

            else {
                //Odd
                response*=3;
                response++;
                fprintf(stderr,"PROCID: %i, VALUE: %i\n", getpid(), response);
                write((isChildA?pipeB[WRITE]:pipeA[WRITE]), &response, sizeof(int));
                bytesRead = 0;
            }


        }
    }
}

    return 0;
}

This is the output I am getting...

bash-3.00$ ./proj2 
Enter an integer: 101
Value read: 101 
Parent PID: 9379
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 304
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 152
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 76
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 38
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 19
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 58
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 29
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 88
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 44
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 22
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 11
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 34
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 17
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 52
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 26
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 13
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 40
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 20
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 10
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 5
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 16
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 8
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 4
PROCID: 9381, VALUE: 2
PROCID: 9380, VALUE: 1
Terminating PROCID: 9381
Terminating PROCID: 9380
Enter an integer: 102
Value read: 102 
Parent PID: 9379
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 51
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 154
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 77
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 232
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 116
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 58
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 29
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 88
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 44
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 22
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 11
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 34
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 17
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 52
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 26
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 13
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 40
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 20
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 10
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 5
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 16
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 8
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 4
PROCID: 9387, VALUE: 2
PROCID: 9386, VALUE: 1
Terminating PROCID: 9387
Terminating PROCID: 9386
Enter an integer: 104
Value read: 104 
Parent PID: 9379
Enter an integer: PROCID: 9388, VALUE: 52
PROCID: 9389, VALUE: 26
PROCID: 9388, VALUE: 13
PROCID: 9389, VALUE: 40
PROCID: 9388, VALUE: 20
PROCID: 9389, VALUE: 10
PROCID: 9388, VALUE: 5
PROCID: 9389, VALUE: 16
PROCID: 9388, VALUE: 8
PROCID: 9389, VALUE: 4
PROCID: 9388, VALUE: 2
PROCID: 9389, VALUE: 1
Terminating PROCID: 9388
Terminating PROCID: 9389
105
Value read: 105 
Parent PID: 9379
Enter an integer: PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 316
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 158
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 79
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 238
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 119
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 358
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 179
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 538
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 269
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 808
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 404
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 202
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 101
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 304
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 152
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 76
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 38
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 19
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 58
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 29
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 88
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 44
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 22
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 11
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 34
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 17
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 52
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 26
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 13
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 40
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 20
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 10
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 5
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 16
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 8
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 4
PROCID: 9395, VALUE: 2
PROCID: 9396, VALUE: 1
Terminating PROCID: 9395
Terminating PROCID: 9396
105
Value read: 105 
Parent PID: 9379
Enter an integer: PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 316
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 158
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 79
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 238
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 119
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 358
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 179
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 538
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 269
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 808
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 404
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 202
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 101
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 304
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 152
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 76
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 38
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 19
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 58
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 29
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 88
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 44
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 22
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 11
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 34
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 17
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 52
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 26
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 13
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 40
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 20
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 10
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 5
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 16
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 8
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 4
PROCID: 9397, VALUE: 2
PROCID: 9398, VALUE: 1
Terminating PROCID: 9397
Terminating PROCID: 9398
106
Value read: 106 
Parent PID: 9379
Enter an integer: PROCID: 9399, VALUE: 53
PROCID: 9400, VALUE: 160
PROCID: 9399, VALUE: 80
PROCID: 9400, VALUE: 40
PROCID: 9399, VALUE: 20
PROCID: 9400, VALUE: 10
PROCID: 9399, VALUE: 5
PROCID: 9400, VALUE: 16
PROCID: 9399, VALUE: 8
PROCID: 9400, VALUE: 4
PROCID: 9399, VALUE: 2
PROCID: 9400, VALUE: 1
Terminating PROCID: 9399
Terminating PROCID: 9400
^C

Another thing that's strange, when ran from within XCode it behaves normally. However, when ran from bash on Solaris or OSX it acts up.

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评论（2）

匿名的好友 2024-09-01 00:32:10

替换您的 waitpid() 并尝试以下操作：

/*
while (pid = waitpid( -1, NULL, 0))
{
    if (errno == ECHILD)
    {
        break;
    }
}
*/

while (1)
{
    if ((pid = waitpid(-1, NULL, 0)) == -1)
    {
        if (errno == ECHILD)
            break;
    }
    else
        printf("I am %d and I am reaped  %d\n", getpid(), pid);
}

Replace your waitpid() and try this instead:

/*
while (pid = waitpid( -1, NULL, 0))
{
    if (errno == ECHILD)
    {
        break;
    }
}
*/

while (1)
{
    if ((pid = waitpid(-1, NULL, 0)) == -1)
    {
        if (errno == ECHILD)
            break;
    }
    else
        printf("I am %d and I am reaped  %d\n", getpid(), pid);
}
回复 原文
眼中杀气 2024-09-01 00:32:10

当打印字符串末尾没有换行符时，在 fprintf 之后调用 fflush。

Call fflush after fprintf, when there is no newline at the end of the printed string.

回复 原文
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