为什么 char +另一个字符 = 一个奇怪的数字

发布于 2024-08-24 10:40:15 字数 331 浏览 11 评论 0原文

这是代码片段:

public static void main (String[]arg) 
{
    char ca = 'a' ; 
    char cb = 'b' ; 
    System.out.println (ca + cb) ; 
}

输出是:

195

为什么会这样?我认为 'a' + 'b' 可能是 "ab""12"3.

这是怎么回事?

Here's the code snippet:

public static void main (String[]arg) 
{
    char ca = 'a' ; 
    char cb = 'b' ; 
    System.out.println (ca + cb) ; 
}

The output is:

195

Why is this the case? I would think that 'a' + 'b' would be either "ab" , "12" , or 3.

Whats going on here?

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评论(4

酒中人 2024-08-31 10:40:15

两个 char+ 是算术加法,而不是字符串连接。您必须执行类似 "" + ca + cb 的操作,或者使用 String.valueOfCharacter.toString 方法来确保至少有一个+ 的操作数是一个String,用于运算符进行字符串连接。

JLS 15.18 加法运算符

如果+运算符的任一操作数的类型为String,则该操作为字符串连接。

否则,+ 运算符的每个操作数的类型必须是可转换为原始数值类型的类型,否则会出现编译时错误。

至于为什么你得到 195,这是因为在 ASCII 中,'a' = 97'b' = 98,以及 97 + 98 = 195< /代码>。


这将执行基本的 intchar 转换。

 char ch = 'a';
 int i = (int) ch;   
 System.out.println(i);   // prints "97"
 ch = (char) 99;
 System.out.println(ch);  // prints "c"

这忽略了字符编码方案的问题(初学者不应该担心......但是!)。


作为注释,Josh Bloch 指出,非常不幸的是,+ 对于字符串连接和整数加法都被重载(“为字符串连接重载 + 运算符可能是一个错误。”—— Java Puzzlers,谜题 11:笑到最后)。通过使用不同的字符串连接标记可以轻松避免很多此类混乱。


另请参阅

+ of two char is arithmetic addition, not string concatenation. You have to do something like "" + ca + cb, or use String.valueOf and Character.toString methods to ensure that at least one of the operands of + is a String for the operator to be string concatenation.

JLS 15.18 Additive Operators

If the type of either operand of a + operator is String, then the operation is string concatenation.

Otherwise, the type of each of the operands of the + operator must be a type that is convertible to a primitive numeric type, or a compile-time error occurs.

As to why you're getting 195, it's because in ASCII, 'a' = 97 and 'b' = 98, and 97 + 98 = 195.


This performs basic int and char casting.

 char ch = 'a';
 int i = (int) ch;   
 System.out.println(i);   // prints "97"
 ch = (char) 99;
 System.out.println(ch);  // prints "c"

This ignores the issue of character encoding schemes (which a beginner should not worry about... yet!).


As a note, Josh Bloch noted that it is rather unfortunate that + is overloaded for both string concatenation and integer addition ("It may have been a mistake to overload the + operator for string concatenation." -- Java Puzzlers, Puzzle 11: The Last Laugh). A lot of this kinds of confusion could've been easily avoided by having a different token for string concatenation.


See also

佞臣 2024-08-31 10:40:15

我不会说 Java,但 195 是 97 + 98 = ab 的 ASCII 代码。显然, cacb 被解释为它们的整数值,可能是因为 + 加法似乎不会导致字符串连接自动地。

I don't speak Java, but 195 is 97 + 98 = the ASCII codes for a and b. So obviously, ca and cb are interpreted as their integer values, probably because of the + addition which does not seem to lead to a string concatenation automatically.

蘸点软妹酱 2024-08-31 10:40:15

如果您希望 + 运算符的结果为 String,则必须使用 String 类型作为操作数。

您应该这样写:

public static void main (String[]arg) 
{
    String ca = "a" ; 
    String cb = "b" ; 
    System.out.println (ca + cb) ; 
}

应用于 char 操作数的 + 运算符的行为就像算术和。

If you want to have a String as result of the + operator you have to use type String as operands.

You should write:

public static void main (String[]arg) 
{
    String ca = "a" ; 
    String cb = "b" ; 
    System.out.println (ca + cb) ; 
}

The + operator applied on char operands behaves as the arithmetic sum.

栖迟 2024-08-31 10:40:15

+ 运算符不像对字符串那样对字符进行操作。这里发生的情况是,ab 被转换为它们的整数 ASCII 代码点 - 97 和 98 - 然后相加。

The + operator doesn't operate over characters like it does over strings. What's happening here is that a and b are being cast to their integer ASCII codepoints - 97 and 98 - and then added together.

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