检测unix中的目录变化
如何跟踪 UNIX 中特定目录的更改？例如，我启动一些实用程序，该实用程序在执行期间创建一些文件。我想知道在一次特定启动期间创建了哪些确切文件。有什么简单的方法可以获取这些信息吗？问题是：
- 我无法在脚本执行后刷新目录内容
- 使用具有哈希作为复合部分的名称创建的文件。无法从脚本中获取此哈希值以进行后续搜索。
- 可能有多个脚本同时执行，我不想看到同一文件夹中另一个进程创建的文件。
请注意，我不想知道目录是否已按照此处所述<进行更改/a>，我需要理想情况下可以 grep 匹配特定模式的文件名。
How could I track changes of specific directory in UNIX? For example, I launch some utility which create some files during its execution. I want to know what exact files were created during one particular launch. Is there any simple way to get such information? Problem is that:
- I cannot flush directory content after script execution
- Files created with the name that has hash as a compound part. There is no possibility to get this hash from script for subsequent search.
- There could be several scripts executed simultaneously, I do not want to see files created by another process in the same folder.
Please notice that I do not want to know whether directory has been changed as stated here, I need filenames which ideally could be grepped to match specific pattern.
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您需要订阅文件系统更改通知。
You need to subscribe to file system change notifications.
您应该使用 FAM、gamin 或 inotify 等工具来检测文件何时被创建、关闭等。
You should use something like FAM, gamin, or inotify to detect when a file has been created, closed, etc.
您可以使用 strace -f myscript 来跟踪脚本发出的所有系统调用，并使用 grep 来过滤创建新文件的系统调用。
You could use
strace -f myscriptto trace all system calls made by the script, and usegrepto filter the system calls that create new files.您可以使用 Linux 审核系统。这是一个操作方法链接：
http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-audit-files-to-see-who-made-changes-to-a-file.html
You could use the Linux Auditing System. Here is a howto link:
http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-audit-files-to-see-who-made-changes-to-a-file.html
您可以使用
script命令来跟踪启动的命令。You can use the
scriptcommand to track the commands launched.