如何将 HTML 标记流重写到新文档中？
假设我有一个已标记化的 HTML 文档，我如何将其转换为新文档或应用一些其他转换？
例如，假设我有这样的 HTML：
<html>
<body>
<p><a href="/foo">text</a></p>
<p>Hello <span class="green">world</span></p>
</body>
</html>
我当前编写的是一个输出令牌流的分词器。对于本文档，它们将是（用伪代码编写）：
TAG_OPEN[html] TAG_OPEN[body] TAG_OPEN[p] TAG_OPEN[a] TAG_ATTRIBUTE[href]
TAG_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE[/foo] TEXT[text] TAG_CLOSE[a] TAG_CLOSE[p]
TAG_OPEN[p] TEXT[Hello] TAG_OPEN[span] TAG_ATTRIBUTE[class]
TAG_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE[green] TEXT[world] TAG_CLOSE[span] TAG_CLOSE[p]
TAG_CLOSE[body] TAG_CLOSE[html]
但现在我不知道如何使用此流来创建一些转换。
例如，我想将 TAG_OPEN[a] TAG_ATTRIBUTE[href] 中的 TAG_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE[/foo] 重写为其他内容。
我想做的另一个转换是让它在括号中的 TAG_OPEN[a] 之后输出 TAG_ATTRIBUTE[href] 属性，例如，
<a href="/foo">text</a>
重写为
<a href="/foo">text</a>(/foo)
What is the General Strategy进行这样的转变？我还想做许多其他转换，例如剥离所有标签并仅保留文本内容，在某些特定标签后添加标签等。
我需要创建解析树吗？我从来没有这样做过，也不知道如何从令牌流创建解析树。或者我可以用其他方法来做吗？
欢迎任何建议。
还有一件事 - 我想自己学习所有这些解析，所以我不是在寻找图书馆！
预先感谢，博达·西多
Suppose I have an HTML document that I have tokenized, how could I transform it into a new document or apply some other transformations?
For example, suppose I have this HTML:
<html>
<body>
<p><a href="/foo">text</a></p>
<p>Hello <span class="green">world</span></p>
</body>
</html>
What I have currently written is a tokenizer that outputs a stream of tokens. For this document they would be (written in pseudo code):
TAG_OPEN[html] TAG_OPEN[body] TAG_OPEN[p] TAG_OPEN[a] TAG_ATTRIBUTE[href]
TAG_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE[/foo] TEXT[text] TAG_CLOSE[a] TAG_CLOSE[p]
TAG_OPEN[p] TEXT[Hello] TAG_OPEN[span] TAG_ATTRIBUTE[class]
TAG_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE[green] TEXT[world] TAG_CLOSE[span] TAG_CLOSE[p]
TAG_CLOSE[body] TAG_CLOSE[html]
But now I don't have any idea how could I use this stream to create some transformations.
For example, I would like to rewrite TAG_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE[/foo] in TAG_OPEN[a] TAG_ATTRIBUTE[href] to something else.
Another transformation I would like to do is make it output TAG_ATTRIBUTE[href] attributes after the TAG_OPEN[a] in parenthesis, for example,
<a href="/foo">text</a>
gets rewritten into
<a href="/foo">text</a>(/foo)
What is the general strategy for doing such transformations? There are many other transformations I would like to do, like stripping all tags and just leaving TEXT content, adding tags after some specific tags, etc.
Do I need to create the parse tree? I have never done it and don't know how to create a parse tree from a stream of tokens. Or can I do it somehow else?
Any suggestions are welcome.
And one more thing - I would like to learn all this parsing myself, so I am not looking for a library!
Thanks beforehand, Boda Cydo
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如果我们可以假设 html 符合 xml，那么 xslt 将是一种可行的方法。但我假设这会被淘汰，因为您似乎想编写自己的解析器（不知道为什么）。
如果你真的想编写一个解析器（我会编写解析规则，而不是你自己的解析器引擎），请看看antlr和MS oslo。
If we can assume that the html is xml compliant, then xslt would be a way to go. But I am assuming that would be out as you seem to want to write your own parser (not sure why).
If you really want to write a parser (I'd write parse rules, not your own parser engine) take a look at antlr and MS oslo.
解析/遍历 XML/HTML 树的方法有多种。也许我可以向您指出：-
http://razorsharpcode.blogspot.com/2009/10/combined-pre-order-and-post-order-non.html
如果你想对 DOM 元素进行前序或后序操作，您可以使用那里描述的算法。
There are various ways of parsing/traversing an XML/HTML tree. Perhaps I can point you to:-
http://razorsharpcode.blogspot.com/2009/10/combined-pre-order-and-post-order-non.html
If you want to do pre-order or post-order manipulation of DOM elements, you can use the algorithm described there.