如何通过 autoconf/automake 对 boost 库/标头包含问题进行故障排除?
我是 autom4te 的新手,我正在尝试使用 autoconf/automake 在多个体系结构上构建和链接 C++ 程序。使链接变得复杂的是该项目需要 boost(文件系统、系统、程序选项)。
我正在使用 boost.m4 (来自 http://github.com/tsuna/boost。 m4/tree/),并且似乎成功找到了所有库和标头。
不幸的是,链接仍然失败,让我很困惑。
这些是 configure.ac
的相关行:
AC_CONFIG_MACRO_DIR([m4])
# ...
AC_PROG_CXX
AC_PROG_LIBTOOL
# ...
BOOST_REQUIRE([1.41.0])
BOOST_FILESYSTEM
BOOST_SYSTEM
BOOST_PROGRAM_OPTIONS
# ...
在 src/Makefile.am
中:
bin_PROGRAMS = phenomatrix
phenomatrix_CXXFLAGS = $(BOOST_CPPFLAGS)
phenomatrix_LDFLAGS = $(BOOST_LDFLAGS) $(BOOST_SYSTEM_LDFLAGS) $(BOOST_FILESYSTEM_LDFLAGS) $(BOOST_PROGRAM_OPTIONS_LDFLAGS) # $(BOOST_SYSTEM_LIB) $(BOOST_PROGRAM_OPTIONS_LIB) $(BOOST_FILESYSTEM_LIB)
phenomatrix_LIBS = $(BOOST_SYSTEM_LIBS) $(BOOST_FILESYSTEM_LIBS) $(BOOST_PROGRAM_OPTIONS_LIBS)
phenomatrix_SOURCES = adjacency_list.cpp distance.cpp genephene.cpp knearest.cpp marshall.cpp oracle.cpp type_shield.cpp avgmindist.cpp euclidean.cpp hypergeometric.cpp main.cpp mindist.cpp partialbayes.cpp utilities.cpp
这些没有给出错误,甚至设法找到库和标头:
checking for Boost headers version >= 104100... yes
checking for Boost's header version... 1_41
checking for the toolset name used by Boost for g++... gcc44 -gcc
checking boost/system/error_code.hpp usability... yes
checking boost/system/error_code.hpp presence... yes
checking for boost/system/error_code.hpp... yes
checking for the Boost system library... yes
checking boost/filesystem/path.hpp usability... yes
checking boost/filesystem/path.hpp presence... yes
checking for boost/filesystem/path.hpp... yes
checking for the Boost filesystem library... yes
checking for boost/system/error_code.hpp... (cached) yes
checking for the Boost system library... (cached) yes
checking boost/program_options.hpp usability... yes
checking boost/program_options.hpp presence... yes
checking for boost/program_options.hpp... yes
checking for the Boost program_options library... yes
但是然后,当我运行 make
时,我收到错误:
libtool: link: g++ -g -O2 -o phenomatrix phenomatrix-adjacency_list.o phenomatrix-distance.o phenomatrix-genephene.o phenomatrix-knearest.o phenomatrix-marshall.o phenomatrix-oracle.o phenomatrix-type_shield.o phenomatrix-avgmindist.o phenomatrix-euclidean.o phenomatrix-hypergeometric.o phenomatrix-main.o phenomatrix-mindist.o phenomatrix-partialbayes.o phenomatrix-utilities.o -L/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib
phenomatrix-adjacency_list.o: In function `__static_initialization_and_destruction_0':
/usr/local/include/boost/system/error_code.hpp:208: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_system_category()'
/usr/local/include/boost/system/error_code.hpp:209: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_generic_category()'
/usr/local/include/boost/system/error_code.hpp:214: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_generic_category()'
/usr/local/include/boost/system/error_code.hpp:215: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_generic_category()'
/usr/local/include/boost/system/error_code.hpp:216: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_system_category()'
重复广告令人作呕。
我什至不确定如何进行测试以查看它是否包含正确的目录。是的,我知道 g++ 上有一个 -t
标志,但我不完全知道如何传递它(从 autom4te 内部)。
我认为这与同一台机器上的多个版本的 boost 库和标头有关,对此我无能为力。
I'm new to autom4te, and I'm trying to use autoconf/automake to build and link a C++ program on multiple architectures. Complicating the linking is the fact that the project requires boost (filesystem, system, program_options).
I'm using boost.m4 (from http://github.com/tsuna/boost.m4/tree/), and it seems to locate all the libraries and headers successfully.
Unfortunately, linking still fails, leaving me confused.
These are the relevant lines of configure.ac
:
AC_CONFIG_MACRO_DIR([m4])
# ...
AC_PROG_CXX
AC_PROG_LIBTOOL
# ...
BOOST_REQUIRE([1.41.0])
BOOST_FILESYSTEM
BOOST_SYSTEM
BOOST_PROGRAM_OPTIONS
# ...
And in src/Makefile.am
:
bin_PROGRAMS = phenomatrix
phenomatrix_CXXFLAGS = $(BOOST_CPPFLAGS)
phenomatrix_LDFLAGS = $(BOOST_LDFLAGS) $(BOOST_SYSTEM_LDFLAGS) $(BOOST_FILESYSTEM_LDFLAGS) $(BOOST_PROGRAM_OPTIONS_LDFLAGS) # $(BOOST_SYSTEM_LIB) $(BOOST_PROGRAM_OPTIONS_LIB) $(BOOST_FILESYSTEM_LIB)
phenomatrix_LIBS = $(BOOST_SYSTEM_LIBS) $(BOOST_FILESYSTEM_LIBS) $(BOOST_PROGRAM_OPTIONS_LIBS)
phenomatrix_SOURCES = adjacency_list.cpp distance.cpp genephene.cpp knearest.cpp marshall.cpp oracle.cpp type_shield.cpp avgmindist.cpp euclidean.cpp hypergeometric.cpp main.cpp mindist.cpp partialbayes.cpp utilities.cpp
These give no errors, and it even manages to find the libraries and headers:
checking for Boost headers version >= 104100... yes
checking for Boost's header version... 1_41
checking for the toolset name used by Boost for g++... gcc44 -gcc
checking boost/system/error_code.hpp usability... yes
checking boost/system/error_code.hpp presence... yes
checking for boost/system/error_code.hpp... yes
checking for the Boost system library... yes
checking boost/filesystem/path.hpp usability... yes
checking boost/filesystem/path.hpp presence... yes
checking for boost/filesystem/path.hpp... yes
checking for the Boost filesystem library... yes
checking for boost/system/error_code.hpp... (cached) yes
checking for the Boost system library... (cached) yes
checking boost/program_options.hpp usability... yes
checking boost/program_options.hpp presence... yes
checking for boost/program_options.hpp... yes
checking for the Boost program_options library... yes
But then, when I run make
, I get errors:
libtool: link: g++ -g -O2 -o phenomatrix phenomatrix-adjacency_list.o phenomatrix-distance.o phenomatrix-genephene.o phenomatrix-knearest.o phenomatrix-marshall.o phenomatrix-oracle.o phenomatrix-type_shield.o phenomatrix-avgmindist.o phenomatrix-euclidean.o phenomatrix-hypergeometric.o phenomatrix-main.o phenomatrix-mindist.o phenomatrix-partialbayes.o phenomatrix-utilities.o -L/usr/local/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/usr/local/lib
phenomatrix-adjacency_list.o: In function `__static_initialization_and_destruction_0':
/usr/local/include/boost/system/error_code.hpp:208: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_system_category()'
/usr/local/include/boost/system/error_code.hpp:209: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_generic_category()'
/usr/local/include/boost/system/error_code.hpp:214: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_generic_category()'
/usr/local/include/boost/system/error_code.hpp:215: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_generic_category()'
/usr/local/include/boost/system/error_code.hpp:216: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_system_category()'
which repeat ad nauseum.
I'm not even sure how to go about testing to see if it's including the right directories. Yes, I understand that there's a -t
flag on g++, but I don't exactly know how to pass that (from within autom4te).
I gather this has something to do with multiple versions of the boost libs and headers on the same machine, and there's not much I can do about that.
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它无法编译,因为库未正确设置...脚本未正确配置 -lboost_libraryname 选项。
以下存储库中的 ax_boost_***.m4 脚本对我来说效果很好:
It does not compile because it the library are not properly set... The script does not configure correctly the -lboost_libraryname option.
The ax_boost_***.m4 script in the the following repository worked fine with me:
不是您问题的答案,但您是否考虑过从 GNU 工具链切换到 cmake ?我以前就这么做过,现在我清楚地知道我再也不会使用那个自动地狱了。
Not an answer to your question, but have you considered to switch from the GNU toolchain to cmake ? I did that some time before and now I know perfectly well that I'll never be using that autohell again.