XML签名:如何计算摘要值?
我有这样的 XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<foo>
<bar>
<value>A</value>
</bar>
<bar>
<value>B</value>
</bar>
<baz>
<value>C</value>
</baz><Signature xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#"><SignedInfo><CanonicalizationMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n-20010315" /><SignatureMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#rsa-sha1" /><Reference URI=""><Transforms><Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#enveloped-signature" /><Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/10/xml-exc-c14n#" /></Transforms><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1" /><DigestValue>WqpRWHxXA0YgH+p3Sxy6hRo1XIk=</DigestValue></Reference></SignedInfo><SignatureValue>EoRk/GhR4UA4D+8AzGPPkeim1dZrlSy88eF73n/T9Lpeq9IxoGRHNUA8FEwuDNJuz3IugC0n2RHQQpQajiYvhlY3XG+z742pgsdMfFE4Pddk4gF1T8CVS1rsF7bjX+FKT/c8B2/C8FNgmfkxDlB/ochtbRvuAGPQGtgJ3h/wjSg=</SignatureValue><KeyInfo><X509Data><X509Certificate>MIIB8zCCAVygAwIBAgIQgfzbrIjhLL9FobStI2ub3zANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQQFADATMREwDwYDVQQDEwhUZXN0ZUFjbjAeFw0wMDAxMDEwMDAwMDBaFw0zNjAxMDEwMDAwMDBaMBMxETAPBgNVBAMTCFRlc3RlQWNuMIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDO+yAZ8/qJbhSVH/+2wMmzix3jM/CExb6sTgaiPwe6ylcHgF45zeQDq06OSJZCSns34em/ULINZddDf8z0b9uk/2sOGr1pYqsunLLBvw2FkvWJQDkhx2SzCm8v4xGX2kyXNbjiY/K56oPOMjpayKoAFnnvk7p2iFAxNZK/6lpZ7wIDAQABo0gwRjBEBgNVHQEEPTA7gBCOOHcajwnATYZ0t6w7LVU0oRUwEzERMA8GA1UEAxMIVGVzdGVBY26CEIH826yI4Sy/RaG0rSNrm98wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEEBQADgYEABL9Qhi6f1Z+/t8oKXBQFx3UUsNF9N2o4k6q1c3CKZYqx2E/in+nARIYRdh5kbeLfomi6GIyVFeXExp8crob3MAzOQMvXf9+ByuezimMPIHDvv0u3kmmeITXfoZrHCDxLoWWlESN1owBfKPqe7JKAuu9ORDC0pUiUfCHWxCoqNos=</X509Certificate></X509Data></KeyInfo></Signature>
</foo>
如何创建引用中的摘要值 (WqpRWHxXA0YgH+p3Sxy6hRo1XIk=)?我的意思是如何手动计算这个值?
I have an XML like this
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<foo>
<bar>
<value>A</value>
</bar>
<bar>
<value>B</value>
</bar>
<baz>
<value>C</value>
</baz><Signature xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#"><SignedInfo><CanonicalizationMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n-20010315" /><SignatureMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#rsa-sha1" /><Reference URI=""><Transforms><Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#enveloped-signature" /><Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/10/xml-exc-c14n#" /></Transforms><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1" /><DigestValue>WqpRWHxXA0YgH+p3Sxy6hRo1XIk=</DigestValue></Reference></SignedInfo><SignatureValue>EoRk/GhR4UA4D+8AzGPPkeim1dZrlSy88eF73n/T9Lpeq9IxoGRHNUA8FEwuDNJuz3IugC0n2RHQQpQajiYvhlY3XG+z742pgsdMfFE4Pddk4gF1T8CVS1rsF7bjX+FKT/c8B2/C8FNgmfkxDlB/ochtbRvuAGPQGtgJ3h/wjSg=</SignatureValue><KeyInfo><X509Data><X509Certificate>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</X509Certificate></X509Data></KeyInfo></Signature>
</foo>
How the digest value (WqpRWHxXA0YgH+p3Sxy6hRo1XIk=) in the reference is created? I mean how can I compute this value manually?
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当我试图找出完全相同的事情时,我遇到了这个问题。后来我弄清楚了如何做到这一点,所以我想我应该在这里发布答案。
需要发生的事情是:
规范化部分相当简单,因为 Java 库为我做到了这一点。我遇到的困难是接下来的一点,即摘要的创建,因为我犯了一个致命错误,我生成的 SHA1 摘要是十六进制形式的 SHA1。 SHA1 是 160 位,即 20 个字节,但如果以十六进制输出这 160 位,则会得到 40 个字符。如果您随后对其进行 base64 编码,则与 DigestValue 中应有的值相比,您会得到完全错误的值。
相反,您应该生成 SHA1 摘要并对 20 字节输出进行 Base64 编码。不要尝试将 20 个字节输出到 STDOUT,因为它不太可能可读(这就是为什么人们经常输出等价的十六进制,因为它是可读的)。相反,只需对 20 个字节进行 base64 编码,这就是您的 DigestValue。
I came across this question when attempting to find out the exact same thing. I later worked out how to do it, so figured I'd post the answer here.
The things that need to happen are:
The canonicalization part was fairly simple, as the Java libraries did that for me. What I struggled with was the next bit, the creating of the digest, because I made a fatal error in that the SHA1 digest I generated was the SHA1 in HEX form. SHA1 is 160 bits, so 20 bytes, but if you output these 160 bits in HEX, you get 40 characters. If you then base64 encode that, you get totally the wrong value compared to what should be in the DigestValue.
Instead, you should generate the SHA1 digest and base64 encode the 20 byte output. Don't try to output the 20 bytes to STDOUT as it's highly unlikely to be readable (which is why people often output the HEX equivalent, since it is readable). Instead, just base64 encode the 20 bytes and that's your DigestValue.
很简单,在控制台使用openssl:
openssl dgst -binary -sha1 file | openssl enc -base64
完成
Is very simple, use openssl in the console:
openssl dgst -binary -sha1 file | openssl enc -base64
Done
我自己也遇到过这个问题:我正在用 Java 和 Java 生成 XML 签名。在.NET中验证,验证总是失败。在我的例子中,原因是“将 XML 打印到文件”函数 XMLWrite.m(是的,在 MATLAB* 中),它“漂亮地打印”了 XML,插入了制表符、空格和换行符。由于这些是文档的一部分,验证自然会失败(在 Java 中也失败了)。查看您的消息来源,这可能发生在您身上。使用 Transformer (javax.xml.transform.*) 正确序列化 DOM,而不更改内容。
*您确实知道 MATLAB 也理解 Java?您只需在解释器控制台中输入 Java 语句即可它们将像本机 m 代码一样执行。
I have encountered exactly this problem myself: I was generating an XML signature in Java & validating in .NET, and the validation always failed. In my case the cause was the 'print XML to file' function XMLWrite.m (yes, in MATLAB*) which was 'pretty printing' the XML, inserting tabs, spaces, and newlines as it saw fit. Since these are part of the document, naturally the validation failed (it failed in Java, too). Looking at your source, this may be happening to you. Use a Transformer (javax.xml.transform.*) to serialise your DOM properly without changing the content.
*You did know that MATLAB understands Java as well? You can just type Java statements into the interpreter console & they will be executed like native m-code.
这是一个 JAVA 解决方案,需要以下 jar:
此解决方案使用
http://www .w3.org/2001/10/xml-exc-c14n#
作为规范化算法,并使用SHA256
作为哈希算法和base64编码。代码示例:
This is a JAVA solution which requires the following jars:
This solution uses
http://www.w3.org/2001/10/xml-exc-c14n#
as the canonicalization algorithm, and usesSHA256
as the hashing algorithm and base64 encoding.Code sample: