从命令行将文件中的所有 GUID 替换为新的 GUID

Question

我有一个文件包含大量出现的字符串 Guid="GUID HERE" （其中 GUID HERE 是每次出现的唯一 GUID），我想替换每个现有的 GUID 都有一个新的唯一 GUID。

这是在 Windows 开发计算机上，因此我可以使用 uuidgen.exe 生成唯一的 GUID（每次运行时都会在 stdout 上生成 GUID）。我有 sed 等可用的东西（但奇怪的是没有 awk ）。

我基本上想弄清楚是否可以（如果可以，如何）使用命令行程序的输出作为 sed 替换表达式中的替换文本，以便我可以这样做我只需付出最少的努力即可进行更换。我不需要使用 sed - 如果有其他方法可以做到这一点，例如一些疯狂的 vim -fu 或其他程序，那也可以 - - 但我更喜欢使用最少的 *nix 程序集的解决方案，因为我并不真正使用 *nix 机器。

需要明确的是，如果我有一个这样的文件：

etc etc Guid="A" etc etc Guid="B"

我希望它变成这样：

etc etc Guid="C" etc etc Guid="D"

其中 A、B、C、D 当然是实际的 GUID。

（例如，我见过 xargs 用于类似的事情，但它在我需要运行它的机器上也不可用。如果它确实是唯一的方法，我可以安装它，尽管我宁愿不）

Answer 1

我在 PowerShell 中重写了 C# 解决方案。我认为运行 powershell 脚本然后编译 C# exe 会更容易。

使用步骤：

1. 下载/安装 powershell
2. 将下面的代码保存在某个位置，命名为 GuidSwap.ps1
3. 修改 $filename 和 $outputFilename 变量以满足您的需要
4. 运行 powershell -noexit c:\location\to\guidswap.ps1

---

## GuidSwap.ps1
##
## Reads a file, finds any GUIDs in the file, and swaps them for a NewGUID
##

$filename = "d:\test.txt"
$outputFilename = "d:\test_new.txt"

$text = [string]::join([environment]::newline, (get-content -path $filename))

$sbNew = new-object system.text.stringBuilder

$pattern = "[a-fA-F0-9]{8}-([a-fA-F0-9]{4}-){3}[a-fA-F0-9]{12}"

$lastStart = 0
$null = ([regex]::matches($text, $pattern) | %{
    $sbNew.Append($text.Substring($lastStart, $_.Index - $lastStart))
    $guid = [system.guid]::newguid()
    $sbNew.Append($guid)
    $lastStart = $_.Index + $_.Length
})
$null = $sbNew.Append($text.Substring($lastStart))

$sbNew.ToString() | out-file -encoding ASCII $outputFilename

Write-Output "Done"

Answer 2

我一直在寻找一种方法来替换 Visual Studio 解决方案中的所有 GUID，因此我获取了 StackOverflow 问题 (GuidSwap.ps1) 的答案并对其进行了扩展，以便脚本跟踪跨多个文件引用的 GUID。下面的标题中显示了一个示例。

<#
    .Synopsis
    Replace all GUIDs in specified files under a root folder, carefully keeping track 
    of how GUIDs are referenced in different files (e.g. Visual Studio solution).

    Loosely based on GuidSwap.ps1:
    http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2201740/replacing-all-guids-in-a-file-with-new-guids-from-the-command-line

    .NOTES
    Version:        1.0
    Author:         Joe Zamora (blog.idmware.com)
    Creation Date:  2016-03-01
    Purpose/Change: Initial script development

    .EXAMPLE
    .\ReplaceGuids.ps1 "C:\Code\IDMware" -FileNamePatterns @("*.sln","*.csproj","*.cs") -Verbose -WhatIf
#>

# Add common parameters to the script.
[CmdletBinding()]
param(
    $RootFolder
    ,$LogFolder='.'
    ,[String[]]$FileNamePatterns
    ,[switch]$WhatIf
)
$global:WhatIf = $WhatIf.IsPresent

# Change directory to the location of this script.
$scriptpath = $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Path
$dir = Split-Path $scriptpath
cd $dir
$ScriptName = $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Name

If(!($RootFolder))
{
    Write-Host @"
Usage: $ScriptName  -RootFolder <RootFolder> [Options]

Options:
    -LogFolder <LogFolder>                      Defaults to location of script.

    -FileNamePatterns @(*.ext1, *.ext2, ...)    Defaults to all files (*).

    -WhatIf                                     Test run without replacements.

    -Verbose                                    Standard Powershell flags.
    -Debug
"@
    Exit
}

if ($LogFolder -and !(Test-Path "$LogFolder" -PathType Container))
{
    Write-Host "No such folder: '$LogFolder'"
    Exit
}

<#
    .Synopsis
    This code snippet gets all the files in $Path that contain the specified pattern.
    Based on this sample:
    http://www.adminarsenal.com/admin-arsenal-blog/powershell-searching-through-files-for-matching-strings/
#>
function Enumerate-FilesContainingPattern {
[CmdletBinding()]
param(
    $Path=(throw 'Path cannot be empty.')
    ,$Pattern=(throw 'Pattern cannot be empty.')
    ,[String[]]$FileNamePatterns=$null
)
    $PathArray = @()
    if (!$FileNamePatterns) {
        $FileNamePatterns = @("*")
    }

    ForEach ($FileNamePattern in $FileNamePatterns) {
        Get-ChildItem $Path -Recurse -Filter $FileNamePattern |
        Where-Object { $_.Attributes -ne "Directory"} |
        ForEach-Object {
            If (Get-Content $_.FullName | Select-String -Pattern $Pattern) {
                $PathArray += $_.FullName
            }
        }
    }
    $PathArray
} <# function Enumerate-FilesContainingPattern #>

# Timestamps and performance.
$stopWatch = [System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew()
$startTime = Get-Date
Write-Verbose @"

--- SCRIPT BEGIN $ScriptName $startTime ---

"@

# Begin by finding all files under the root folder that contain a GUID pattern.
$GuidRegexPattern = "[a-fA-F0-9]{8}-([a-fA-F0-9]{4}-){3}[a-fA-F0-9]{12}"
$FileList = Enumerate-FilesContainingPattern $RootFolder $GuidRegexPattern $FileNamePatterns

$LogFilePrefix = "{0}-{1}" -f $ScriptName, $startTime.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd_HH-mm-ss")
$FileListLogFile = Join-Path $LogFolder "$LogFilePrefix-FileList.txt"
$FileList | ForEach-Object {$_ | Out-File $FileListLogFile -Append}
Write-Host "File list log file:`r`n$FileListLogFile"
cat $FileListLogFile | %{Write-Verbose $_}

# Next, do a read-only loop over the files and build a mapping table of old to new GUIDs.
$guidMap = @{}
foreach ($filePath in $FileList)
{
    $text = [string]::join([environment]::newline, (get-content -path $filePath))
    Foreach ($match in [regex]::matches($text, $GuidRegexPattern)) {
        $oldGuid = $match.Value.ToUpper()
        if (!$guidMap.ContainsKey($oldGuid)) {
            $newGuid = [System.Guid]::newguid().ToString().ToUpper()
            $guidMap[$oldGuid] = $newGuid
        }
    }
}

$GuidMapLogFile = Join-Path $LogFolder "$LogFilePrefix-GuidMap.csv"
"OldGuid,NewGuid" | Out-File $GuidMapLogFile
$guidMap.Keys | % { "$_,$($guidMap[$_])" | Out-File $GuidMapLogFile -Append }
Write-Host "GUID map log file:`r`n$GuidMapLogFile"
cat $GuidMapLogFile | %{Write-Verbose $_}

# Finally, do the search-and-replace.
foreach ($filePath in $FileList) {
    Write-Verbose "Processing $filePath"
    $newText = New-Object System.Text.StringBuilder
    cat $filePath | % { 
        $original = $_
        $new = $_
        $isMatch = $false
        $matches = [regex]::Matches($new, $GuidRegexPattern)
        foreach ($match in $matches) {
            $isMatch = $true
            $new = $new -ireplace $match.Value, $guidMap[$match.Value.ToString().ToUpper()]
        }        
        $newText.AppendLine($new) | Out-Null
        if ($isMatch) {
            $msg = "Old: $original`r`nNew: $new"
            if ($global:WhatIf) {
                Write-Host "What if:`r`n$msg"
            } else {
                Write-Verbose "`r`n$msg"
            }
        }
    }
    if (!$global:WhatIf) {
        $newText.ToString() | Set-Content $filePath
    }
}

# Timestamps and performance.
$endTime = Get-Date
Write-Verbose @"

--- SCRIPT END $ScriptName $endTime ---

Total elapsed: $($stopWatch.Elapsed)
"@

Answer 3

您愿意编译一个 C# 控制台应用程序来执行此操作吗？我很快就把这个搞定了。它将文件名作为命令行参数，查找任何看起来像 GUID 的内容，将其替换为新的 GUID，然后写入文件的新内容。

看一下：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

namespace GUIDSwap
{
    class Program
    {
        static int Main(string[] args)
        {
            try
            {
                if (args.Length == 0) throw new ApplicationException("No filename specified");

                string filename = args[0];
                filename = filename.TrimStart(new char[] { '"' }).TrimEnd(new char[] { '"' });

                if (!File.Exists(filename)) throw new ApplicationException("File not found");

                StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(filename);
                string text = sr.ReadToEnd();
                sr.Close();

                StringBuilder sbNew = new StringBuilder();

                string pattern = "[a-fA-F0-9]{8}-([a-fA-F0-9]{4}-){3}[a-fA-F0-9]{12}";

                int lastStart = 0;
                foreach (Match m in Regex.Matches(text, pattern))
                {
                    sbNew.Append(text.Substring(lastStart, m.Index - lastStart));
                    sbNew.Append(Guid.NewGuid().ToString());
                    lastStart = m.Index + m.Length;
                }

                sbNew.Append(text.Substring(lastStart));

                StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(filename, false);
                sw.Write(sbNew.ToString());
                sw.Flush();
                sw.Close();

                return 0;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                return 1;
            }
        }
    }
}

Answer 4

您可以先将 uid 捕获到变量中，然后再执行 sed 吗？

@echo off
setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
for /f %%x in ('uuidgen.exe') do (
        set uid=%%x
)
sed -e "s/Guid=\"\(.*\)\"/Guid=\"!uid!\"/g" file

Answer 5

我真的很喜欢 BigJoe714 的解决方案。我进一步查找所有特定的扩展文件并替换所有 GUID。

<pre>
<code>
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

namespace AllGuidSwap
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            try
            {
                if (args.Length == 0) throw new ApplicationException("No filename specified");

                string directory = args[0]; //Path
                string extensionToFind = args[1]; //Extension to find

                if (!Directory.Exists(directory)) throw new ApplicationException("directory not found");

                var allFiles = Directory.GetFiles(directory).Where(a => a.EndsWith(extensionToFind));

                foreach (var filename in allFiles)
                {
                    if (!File.Exists(filename)) throw new ApplicationException("File not found");

                    var sr = new StreamReader(filename);
                    var text = sr.ReadToEnd();
                    sr.Close();

                    var sbNew = new StringBuilder();

                    var pattern = "[a-fA-F0-9]{8}-([a-fA-F0-9]{4}-){3}[a-fA-F0-9]{12}";

                    var lastStart = 0;
                    foreach (Match m in Regex.Matches(text, pattern))
                    {
                        sbNew.Append(text.Substring(lastStart, m.Index - lastStart));
                        sbNew.Append(Guid.NewGuid().ToString().ToUpperInvariant());
                        lastStart = m.Index + m.Length;
                    }

                    sbNew.Append(text.Substring(lastStart));

                    var sw = new StreamWriter(filename, false);
                    sw.Write(sbNew.ToString());
                    sw.Flush();
                    sw.Close();
                }

                Console.WriteLine("Successful");
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
            }

            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
}

</code>
</pre>