如何使用后期绑定访问 Microsoft Word 现有实例

发布于 2024-08-19 23:50:34 字数 300 浏览 3 评论 0原文

我正在用 C# 开发一些代码,我将在其中与 Microsoft Word 进行交互。我希望能够选择重新使用现有实例或作为创建新实例的替代方案。

请记住,我想使用 LATE BINDING 来完成所有这些...可以肯定地说,我已经弄清楚如何在创建新实例时让事情正常工作..我只是调用 Activator.CreateInstance 等。

我遇到的问题having 是我如何重用现有实例,例如,Word 已经打开,我想使用该实例。

是否有 Activator.UseExistingInstance?或者类似的东西?

谢谢!

i am developing some code in c# where i will be interacting with Microsoft Word. I want to be able to have the option of re-using an existing instance or as an alternative creating a new instance.

Keeping in mind i want to do all of this using LATE BINDING... it is safe to say i have figured out how to get things working when creating a new instance.. i just call Activator.CreateInstance etc..

The problem i am having is how do i reuse an existing instance, for example, Word is already open and i want to use that instance.

Is there an Activator.UseExistingInstance? or something similar??

Thanks!

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爱已欠费 2024-08-26 23:50:34

您正在寻找 Marshal.GetActiveObject。

object word;
try
{
    word = System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.GetActiveObject("Word.Application");
}
catch (COMException)
{
    Type type = Type.GetTypeFromProgID("Word.Application");
    word = System.Activator.CreateInstance(type);
}

You're looking for Marshal.GetActiveObject.

object word;
try
{
    word = System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.GetActiveObject("Word.Application");
}
catch (COMException)
{
    Type type = Type.GetTypeFromProgID("Word.Application");
    word = System.Activator.CreateInstance(type);
}
把人绕傻吧 2024-08-26 23:50:34

您可能想查看 Oleacc.dll 中定义的 AccessibleObjectFromWindow API 函数。 安德鲁·怀特查佩尔 有一些关于如何使用它的文章。根据他的文章,我写了一个非常相似的问题的答案(关于 Excel,而不是 Word),您可以在这里找到:

如何使用后期绑定获取Excel实例?

在这里您将找到一个示例,说明如何连接到已运行的 Excel 实例,然后使用后期绑定自动化该实例。

更新:

这是一个适用于 Word 的简短示例:

using System;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;

namespace WordLateBindingSample
{
    [ComImport, InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown), Guid("00020400-0000-0000-C000-000000000046")]
    public interface IDispatch
    {
    }

    class Program
    {
        [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string lpClassName, string lpWindowName);

        [DllImport("Oleacc.dll")]
        static extern int AccessibleObjectFromWindow(int hwnd, uint dwObjectID, byte[] riid, out IDispatch ptr);

        public delegate bool EnumChildCallback(int hwnd, ref int lParam);

        [DllImport("User32.dll")]
        public static extern bool EnumChildWindows(int hWndParent, EnumChildCallback lpEnumFunc, ref int lParam);

        [DllImport("User32.dll")]
        public static extern int GetClassName(int hWnd, StringBuilder lpClassName, int nMaxCount);

        public static bool EnumChildProc(int hwndChild, ref int lParam)
        {
            StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(128);
            GetClassName(hwndChild, buf, 128);
            if (buf.ToString() == "_WwG")
            {
                lParam = hwndChild;
                return false;
            }
            return true;
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            // Use the window class name ("OpusApp") to retrieve a handle to Word's main window.
            // Alternatively you can get the window handle via the process id:
            // int hwnd = (int)Process.GetProcessById(wordPid).MainWindowHandle;
            //
            int hwnd = (int)FindWindow("OpusApp", null);

            if (hwnd != 0)
            {
                int hwndChild = 0;

                // Search the accessible child window (it has class name "_WwG") 
                // as described in http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd317978%28VS.85%29.aspx
                //
                EnumChildCallback cb = new EnumChildCallback(EnumChildProc);
                EnumChildWindows(hwnd, cb, ref hwndChild);

                if (hwndChild != 0)
                {
                    // We call AccessibleObjectFromWindow, passing the constant OBJID_NATIVEOM (defined in winuser.h) 
                    // and IID_IDispatch - we want an IDispatch pointer into the native object model.
                    //
                    const uint OBJID_NATIVEOM = 0xFFFFFFF0;
                    Guid IID_IDispatch = new Guid("{00020400-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}");
                    IDispatch ptr;

                    int hr = AccessibleObjectFromWindow(hwndChild, OBJID_NATIVEOM, IID_IDispatch.ToByteArray(), out ptr);

                    if (hr >= 0)
                    {
                        object wordApp = ptr.GetType().InvokeMember("Application", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, ptr, null);

                        object version = wordApp.GetType().InvokeMember("Version", BindingFlags.GetField | BindingFlags.InvokeMethod | BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, wordApp, null);
                        Console.WriteLine(string.Format("Word version is: {0}", version));
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

You might want to have a look at the AccessibleObjectFromWindow api function defined in Oleacc.dll. Andrew Whitechapel has some articles on how to use it. Based on his articles I wrote an answer to a very similar question (about Excel, not Word), which you can find here:

How to use use late binding to get Excel instance?

There you will find an example how to connect to an already running Excel instance and then automating this instance using late binding.

Update:

Here is a short sample adapted to Word:

using System;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;

namespace WordLateBindingSample
{
    [ComImport, InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown), Guid("00020400-0000-0000-C000-000000000046")]
    public interface IDispatch
    {
    }

    class Program
    {
        [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string lpClassName, string lpWindowName);

        [DllImport("Oleacc.dll")]
        static extern int AccessibleObjectFromWindow(int hwnd, uint dwObjectID, byte[] riid, out IDispatch ptr);

        public delegate bool EnumChildCallback(int hwnd, ref int lParam);

        [DllImport("User32.dll")]
        public static extern bool EnumChildWindows(int hWndParent, EnumChildCallback lpEnumFunc, ref int lParam);

        [DllImport("User32.dll")]
        public static extern int GetClassName(int hWnd, StringBuilder lpClassName, int nMaxCount);

        public static bool EnumChildProc(int hwndChild, ref int lParam)
        {
            StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(128);
            GetClassName(hwndChild, buf, 128);
            if (buf.ToString() == "_WwG")
            {
                lParam = hwndChild;
                return false;
            }
            return true;
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            // Use the window class name ("OpusApp") to retrieve a handle to Word's main window.
            // Alternatively you can get the window handle via the process id:
            // int hwnd = (int)Process.GetProcessById(wordPid).MainWindowHandle;
            //
            int hwnd = (int)FindWindow("OpusApp", null);

            if (hwnd != 0)
            {
                int hwndChild = 0;

                // Search the accessible child window (it has class name "_WwG") 
                // as described in http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd317978%28VS.85%29.aspx
                //
                EnumChildCallback cb = new EnumChildCallback(EnumChildProc);
                EnumChildWindows(hwnd, cb, ref hwndChild);

                if (hwndChild != 0)
                {
                    // We call AccessibleObjectFromWindow, passing the constant OBJID_NATIVEOM (defined in winuser.h) 
                    // and IID_IDispatch - we want an IDispatch pointer into the native object model.
                    //
                    const uint OBJID_NATIVEOM = 0xFFFFFFF0;
                    Guid IID_IDispatch = new Guid("{00020400-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}");
                    IDispatch ptr;

                    int hr = AccessibleObjectFromWindow(hwndChild, OBJID_NATIVEOM, IID_IDispatch.ToByteArray(), out ptr);

                    if (hr >= 0)
                    {
                        object wordApp = ptr.GetType().InvokeMember("Application", BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, ptr, null);

                        object version = wordApp.GetType().InvokeMember("Version", BindingFlags.GetField | BindingFlags.InvokeMethod | BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, wordApp, null);
                        Console.WriteLine(string.Format("Word version is: {0}", version));
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
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