测试 SMTP 的替代方案？

Question

我正在尝试开发一个发送电子邮件的应用程序，但我们的内部网络被锁定得非常严密，所以我无法使用我们的内部邮件服务器进行中继。

有人用过 no-ip.com 之类的东西吗？还有其他选择吗？

Answer 1

如果您只需要检查电子邮件是否发送到正确的地址并包含正确的内容，最简单的方法是通过编辑应用程序或 web.config 文件来使用放置文件夹：

  <system.net>
    <mailSettings>
      <smtp deliveryMethod="SpecifiedPickupDirectory" from="[email protected]">
        <specifiedPickupDirectory pickupDirectoryLocation="C:\TestMailDrop"/>
      </smtp>
    </mailSettings>
  </system.net>

这将导致电子邮件邮件被创建为指定目录中的文件。您甚至可以加载文件并验证它们作为单元测试的一部分。

（正如 codekaizen 指出的，如果您不介意修改代码/硬编码放置文件夹并在调试/发布模式下具有不同的行为，也可以在代码中完成此操作。）

Answer 2

我同意上述...设置您自己的测试 SMTP 服务器，并将其用于您的测试。

以下是一些可帮助您走上正轨的信息：

http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/WindowsServer2003/Library/IIS/e4cf06f5-9a36-474b-ba78-3f287a2b88f2.mspx?mfr=true

http://www.cmsconnect.com/praetor/WebHelpG2/Chapter_2_- _Pre-installation_considerations/Configuring_the_SMTP_Server.htm

http://service1 .symantec.com/support/ent-gate.nsf/docid/2007241920754398

Answer 3

您可以将电子邮件保存到磁盘：

#if DEBUG
smtpClient.PickupDirectoryLocation = "\\Path\\to\\save\\folder";
smtpClient.DeliveryMethod = SmtpDeliveryMethod.SpecifiedPickupDirectory;
smtpClient.Send(msg);
#endif

Answer 4

来自 @codekaizen，使用 AutoFixture.xUnit [可作为同名的 XUnit 包]：-

    [Theory, AutoData]
    public static void ShouldSendWithCorrectValues( string anonymousFrom, string anonymousRecipients, string anonymousSubject, string anonymousBody )
    {
        anonymousFrom += "@b.com";
        anonymousRecipients += "@c.com";

        using ( var tempDir = new TemporaryDirectoryFixture() )
        {
            var capturingSmtpClient = new CapturingSmtpClientFixture( tempDir.DirectoryPath );
            var sut = new EmailSender( capturingSmtpClient.SmtpClient );

            sut.Send( anonymousFrom, anonymousRecipients, anonymousSubject, anonymousBody );
            string expectedSingleFilename = capturingSmtpClient.EnumeratePickedUpFiles().Single();
            var result = File.ReadAllText( expectedSingleFilename );

            Assert.Contains( "From: " + anonymousFrom, result );
            Assert.Contains( "To: " + anonymousRecipients, result );
            Assert.Contains( "Subject: " + anonymousSubject, result );
            Assert.Contains( anonymousBody, result );
        }
    }

CapturingSmtpClientFixture 仅在测试上下文中使用 -

    class CapturingSmtpClientFixture
    {
        readonly string _path;
        readonly SmtpClient _smtpClient;

        public CapturingSmtpClientFixture( string path )
        {
            _path = path;
            _smtpClient = new SmtpClient { DeliveryMethod = SmtpDeliveryMethod.SpecifiedPickupDirectory, PickupDirectoryLocation = _path };
        }

        public SmtpClient SmtpClient
        {
            get { return _smtpClient; }
        }

        public IEnumerable<string> EnumeratePickedUpFiles()
        {
            return Directory.EnumerateFiles( _path );
        }
    }

您所需要做的就是确保您的实际代码提供已连接的 SmtpClient设置适合实时 SMTP 服务器的参数。

（为了完整起见，这里是 TemporaryDirectoryFixture）：-

public class TemporaryDirectoryFixture : IDisposable
{
    readonly string _directoryPath;

    public TemporaryDirectoryFixture()
    {
        string randomDirectoryName = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension( Path.GetRandomFileName() );

        _directoryPath = Path.Combine( Path.GetTempPath(), randomDirectoryName );

        Directory.CreateDirectory( DirectoryPath );
    }

    public string DirectoryPath
    {
        get { return _directoryPath; }
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        try
        {
            if ( Directory.Exists( _directoryPath ) )
                Directory.Delete( _directoryPath, true );
        }
        catch ( IOException )
        {
            // Give other process a chance to release their handles
            // see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/329355/cannot-delete-directory-with-directory-deletepath-true/1703799#1703799
            Thread.Sleep( 0 );
            try
            {
                Directory.Delete( _directoryPath, true );
            }
            catch
            {
                var longDelayS = 2;
                try
                {
                    // This time we'll have to be _really_ patient
                    Thread.Sleep( TimeSpan.FromSeconds( longDelayS ) );
                    Directory.Delete( _directoryPath, true );
                }
                catch ( Exception ex )
                {
                    throw new Exception( @"Could not delete " + GetType() + @" directory: """ + _directoryPath + @""" due to locking, even after " + longDelayS + " seconds", ex );
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

和一个骨架 EmailSender：

public class EmailSender
{
    readonly SmtpClient _smtpClient;

    public EmailSender( SmtpClient smtpClient )
    {
        if ( smtpClient == null )
            throw new ArgumentNullException( "smtpClient" );

        _smtpClient = smtpClient;
    }

    public void Send( string from, string recipients, string subject, string body )
    {
        _smtpClient.Send( from, recipients, subject, body );
    }
}

Answer 5

通常的答案是在 IIS 下本地运行 SMTP，但您需要小心发送给谁。实际上，最好发送到您常用的 SMTP 服务器并仅定位您域内的帐户。