Django：重写表单中的 clean() 方法 - 关于引发错误的问题

Question

我一直在 clean 方法中做这样的事情：

if self.cleaned_data['type'].organized_by != self.cleaned_data['organized_by']:
      raise forms.ValidationError('The type and organization do not match.')
if self.cleaned_data['start'] > self.cleaned_data['end']:
      raise forms.ValidationError('The start date cannot be later than the end date.')

但这意味着表单一次只能引发这些错误之一。有没有办法让表单引发这两个错误？

编辑#1： 上述任何解决方案都很棒，但希望能够在以下场景中工作：

if self.cleaned_data['type'].organized_by != self.cleaned_data['organized_by']:
      raise forms.ValidationError('The type and organization do not match.')
if self.cleaned_data['start'] > self.cleaned_data['end']:
      raise forms.ValidationError('The start date cannot be later than the end date.')
super(FooAddForm, self).clean()

其中 FooAddForm 是 ModelForm 并且具有也可能导致错误的独特约束。如果有人知道类似的事情，那就太好了......

Answer 1

来自文档：

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/ref/forms/validation/#cleaning-and-validating-fields-that-depend-on-each-other

from django.forms.util import ErrorList

def clean(self):

  if self.cleaned_data['type'].organized_by != self.cleaned_data['organized_by']:
    msg = 'The type and organization do not match.'
    self._errors['type'] = ErrorList([msg])
    del self.cleaned_data['type']

  if self.cleaned_data['start'] > self.cleaned_data['end']:
    msg = 'The start date cannot be later than the end date.'
    self._errors['start'] = ErrorList([msg])
    del self.cleaned_data['start']

  return self.cleaned_data

Answer 2

errors = []
if self.cleaned_data['type'].organized_by != self.cleaned_data['organized_by']:
      errors.append('The type and organization do not match.')
if self.cleaned_data['start'] > self.cleaned_data['end']:
     errors.append('The start date cannot be later than the end date.')

if errors:
    raise forms.ValidationError(errors)

Answer 3

虽然是旧帖子，但如果您想要更少的代码，您可以使用 add_error() 方法来添加错误消息。我正在扩展@kemar的答案以显示使用的情况：

add_error()自动从cleaned_data字典中删除该字段，您不必手动删除它。
此外，您无需导入任何内容即可使用它。

文档在这里

def clean(self):

  if self.cleaned_data['type'].organized_by != self.cleaned_data['organized_by']:
    msg = 'The type and organization do not match.'
    self.add_error('type', msg)

  if self.cleaned_data['start'] > self.cleaned_data['end']:
    msg = 'The start date cannot be later than the end date.'
    self.add_error('start', msg)

  return self.cleaned_data

Answer 4

如果您希望将错误消息附加到表单而不是特定字段，您可以使用键“__all__”，如下所示：

msg = 'The type and organization do not match.'
self._errors['__all__'] = ErrorList([msg])

另外，正如 Django 文档所解释的：“如果您想要要向特定字段添加新错误，您应该检查该键是否已存在于 self._errors 中，如果不存在，则为给定键创建一个新条目，并保存一个空的 。无论哪种情况，您都可以将错误消息附加到相关字段名称的列表中，并在显示表单时显示该消息。”