Android SDK 的快速位图模糊

Question

目前，在我正在开发的 Android 应用程序中，我正在循环遍历图像的像素以使其模糊。对于 640x480 图像，这大约需要 30 秒。

在浏览 Android Market 中的应用程序时，我遇到了一个包含模糊功能的应用程序，并且它们的模糊速度非常快（例如 5 秒），因此它们一定使用了不同的模糊方法。

除了循环像素之外，有人知道更快的方法吗？

Answer 1

对于未来的 Google 员工，这是我从 Quasimondo 移植的算法。这是一种盒子模糊和高斯模糊的混合，它非常漂亮而且速度也很快。

针对遇到 ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException 问题的人的更新：评论中的 @anthonycr 提供了以下信息：

我发现通过用 StrictMath.abs 或其他一些替换 Math.abs
执行abs时，不会发生崩溃。

/**
 * Stack Blur v1.0 from
 * http://www.quasimondo.com/StackBlurForCanvas/StackBlurDemo.html
 * Java Author: Mario Klingemann <mario at quasimondo.com>
 * http://incubator.quasimondo.com
 *
 * created Feburary 29, 2004
 * Android port : Yahel Bouaziz <yahel at kayenko.com>
 * http://www.kayenko.com
 * ported april 5th, 2012
 *
 * This is a compromise between Gaussian Blur and Box blur
 * It creates much better looking blurs than Box Blur, but is
 * 7x faster than my Gaussian Blur implementation.
 *
 * I called it Stack Blur because this describes best how this
 * filter works internally: it creates a kind of moving stack
 * of colors whilst scanning through the image. Thereby it
 * just has to add one new block of color to the right side
 * of the stack and remove the leftmost color. The remaining
 * colors on the topmost layer of the stack are either added on
 * or reduced by one, depending on if they are on the right or
 * on the left side of the stack.
 *  
 * If you are using this algorithm in your code please add
 * the following line:
 * Stack Blur Algorithm by Mario Klingemann <[email protected]>
 */

public Bitmap fastblur(Bitmap sentBitmap, float scale, int radius) {

    int width = Math.round(sentBitmap.getWidth() * scale);
    int height = Math.round(sentBitmap.getHeight() * scale);
    sentBitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(sentBitmap, width, height, false);

    Bitmap bitmap = sentBitmap.copy(sentBitmap.getConfig(), true);

    if (radius < 1) {
        return (null);
    }

    int w = bitmap.getWidth();
    int h = bitmap.getHeight();

    int[] pix = new int[w * h];
    Log.e("pix", w + " " + h + " " + pix.length);
    bitmap.getPixels(pix, 0, w, 0, 0, w, h);

    int wm = w - 1;
    int hm = h - 1;
    int wh = w * h;
    int div = radius + radius + 1;

    int r[] = new int[wh];
    int g[] = new int[wh];
    int b[] = new int[wh];
    int rsum, gsum, bsum, x, y, i, p, yp, yi, yw;
    int vmin[] = new int[Math.max(w, h)];

    int divsum = (div + 1) >> 1;
    divsum *= divsum;
    int dv[] = new int[256 * divsum];
    for (i = 0; i < 256 * divsum; i++) {
        dv[i] = (i / divsum);
    }

    yw = yi = 0;

    int[][] stack = new int[div][3];
    int stackpointer;
    int stackstart;
    int[] sir;
    int rbs;
    int r1 = radius + 1;
    int routsum, goutsum, boutsum;
    int rinsum, ginsum, binsum;

    for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {
        rinsum = ginsum = binsum = routsum = goutsum = boutsum = rsum = gsum = bsum = 0;
        for (i = -radius; i <= radius; i++) {
            p = pix[yi + Math.min(wm, Math.max(i, 0))];
            sir = stack[i + radius];
            sir[0] = (p & 0xff0000) >> 16;
            sir[1] = (p & 0x00ff00) >> 8;
            sir[2] = (p & 0x0000ff);
            rbs = r1 - Math.abs(i);
            rsum += sir[0] * rbs;
            gsum += sir[1] * rbs;
            bsum += sir[2] * rbs;
            if (i > 0) {
                rinsum += sir[0];
                ginsum += sir[1];
                binsum += sir[2];
            } else {
                routsum += sir[0];
                goutsum += sir[1];
                boutsum += sir[2];
            }
        }
        stackpointer = radius;

        for (x = 0; x < w; x++) {

            r[yi] = dv[rsum];
            g[yi] = dv[gsum];
            b[yi] = dv[bsum];

            rsum -= routsum;
            gsum -= goutsum;
            bsum -= boutsum;

            stackstart = stackpointer - radius + div;
            sir = stack[stackstart % div];

            routsum -= sir[0];
            goutsum -= sir[1];
            boutsum -= sir[2];

            if (y == 0) {
                vmin[x] = Math.min(x + radius + 1, wm);
            }
            p = pix[yw + vmin[x]];

            sir[0] = (p & 0xff0000) >> 16;
            sir[1] = (p & 0x00ff00) >> 8;
            sir[2] = (p & 0x0000ff);

            rinsum += sir[0];
            ginsum += sir[1];
            binsum += sir[2];

            rsum += rinsum;
            gsum += ginsum;
            bsum += binsum;

            stackpointer = (stackpointer + 1) % div;
            sir = stack[(stackpointer) % div];

            routsum += sir[0];
            goutsum += sir[1];
            boutsum += sir[2];

            rinsum -= sir[0];
            ginsum -= sir[1];
            binsum -= sir[2];

            yi++;
        }
        yw += w;
    }
    for (x = 0; x < w; x++) {
        rinsum = ginsum = binsum = routsum = goutsum = boutsum = rsum = gsum = bsum = 0;
        yp = -radius * w;
        for (i = -radius; i <= radius; i++) {
            yi = Math.max(0, yp) + x;

            sir = stack[i + radius];

            sir[0] = r[yi];
            sir[1] = g[yi];
            sir[2] = b[yi];

            rbs = r1 - Math.abs(i);

            rsum += r[yi] * rbs;
            gsum += g[yi] * rbs;
            bsum += b[yi] * rbs;

            if (i > 0) {
                rinsum += sir[0];
                ginsum += sir[1];
                binsum += sir[2];
            } else {
                routsum += sir[0];
                goutsum += sir[1];
                boutsum += sir[2];
            }

            if (i < hm) {
                yp += w;
            }
        }
        yi = x;
        stackpointer = radius;
        for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {
            // Preserve alpha channel: ( 0xff000000 & pix[yi] )
            pix[yi] = ( 0xff000000 & pix[yi] ) | ( dv[rsum] << 16 ) | ( dv[gsum] << 8 ) | dv[bsum];

            rsum -= routsum;
            gsum -= goutsum;
            bsum -= boutsum;

            stackstart = stackpointer - radius + div;
            sir = stack[stackstart % div];

            routsum -= sir[0];
            goutsum -= sir[1];
            boutsum -= sir[2];

            if (x == 0) {
                vmin[y] = Math.min(y + r1, hm) * w;
            }
            p = x + vmin[y];

            sir[0] = r[p];
            sir[1] = g[p];
            sir[2] = b[p];

            rinsum += sir[0];
            ginsum += sir[1];
            binsum += sir[2];

            rsum += rinsum;
            gsum += ginsum;
            bsum += binsum;

            stackpointer = (stackpointer + 1) % div;
            sir = stack[stackpointer];

            routsum += sir[0];
            goutsum += sir[1];
            boutsum += sir[2];

            rinsum -= sir[0];
            ginsum -= sir[1];
            binsum -= sir[2];

            yi += w;
        }
    }

    Log.e("pix", w + " " + h + " " + pix.length);
    bitmap.setPixels(pix, 0, w, 0, 0, w, h);

    return (bitmap);
}

Answer 2

Android 模糊指南 2016

带有 Showcase/Benchmark 应用 和 GitHub 上的源代码。
另请查看我目前正在开发的 Blur 框架：Dali。

经过大量实验后，我现在可以安全地为您提供一些可靠的建议，这些建议将使您在使用 Android 框架时在 Android 中的生活更加轻松。

加载并使用缩小的位图（对于非常模糊的图像）

切勿使用完整大小的位图。图像越大，越需要模糊，模糊半径也需要越高，通常，模糊半径越大，算法花费的时间就越长。

final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inSampleSize = 8;
Bitmap blurTemplate = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.myImage, options);

这将加载 inSampleSize 8 的位图，因此只有原始图像的 1/64。测试 inSampleSize 适合您的需求，但保持 2^n (2,4,8,...) 以避免因缩放而降低质量。 查看 Google 文档了解更多信息

另一个巨大优势位图加载速度会非常快。在我早期的模糊测试中，我发现整个模糊过程中最长的时间是图像加载。因此，要从磁盘加载 1920x1080 图像，我的 Nexus 5 需要 500 毫秒，而模糊处理只需要另外 250 毫秒左右。

使用 Renderscript

Renderscript 提供了 ScriptIntrinsicBlur 这是高斯模糊滤镜。它具有良好的视觉质量，并且是 Android 上实际运行速度最快的。 Google 声称“通常比多线程 C 快 2-3 倍实现，并且通常比 Java 实现快 10 倍以上”。 Renderscript 非常复杂（使用最快的处理设备（GPU、ISP 等）等），并且还有 v8 支持库，使其兼容至 2.2。至少在理论上，通过我自己的测试和其他开发人员的报告，似乎不可能盲目使用 Renderscript，因为硬件/驱动程序碎片似乎会导致某些设备出现问题，即使具有更高的 SDK 级别（例如，我有4.1 Nexus S 存在问题），因此要小心并在很多设备上进行测试。下面是一个可以帮助您入门的简单示例：

//define this only once if blurring multiple times
RenderScript rs = RenderScript.create(context);

(...)
//this will blur the bitmapOriginal with a radius of 8 and save it in bitmapOriginal
final Allocation input = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rs, bitmapOriginal); //use this constructor for best performance, because it uses USAGE_SHARED mode which reuses memory
final Allocation output = Allocation.createTyped(rs, input.getType());
final ScriptIntrinsicBlur script = ScriptIntrinsicBlur.create(rs, Element.U8_4(rs));
script.setRadius(8f);
script.setInput(input);
script.forEach(output);
output.copyTo(bitmapOriginal);

当使用 Gradle 的 v8 支持时，Google 特别推荐 "因为它们包含最新的改进"，您只需需要在构建脚本中添加 2 行 并使用 android.support.v8.renderscript 与当前构建工具（更新了 android Gradle 插件 v14+ 的语法

android {
    ...
    defaultConfig {
        ...
        renderscriptTargetApi 19
        renderscriptSupportModeEnabled true
    }
}

） a Nexus 5 - 将 RenderScript 与其他不同的 java 和 Renderscript 实现进行比较：

不同图片尺寸上每次模糊的平均运行时间

每秒可模糊的百万像素

每个值都是 250 轮的平均值。 RS_GAUSS_FAST 是 ScriptIntrinsicBlur（几乎总是最快的），其他以 RS_ 开头的大多是具有简单内核的卷积实现。 可以在此处找到算法的详细信息。这并不是纯粹的模糊，因为很大一部分是被测量的垃圾收集。这可以在这里看到（ScriptIntrinsicBlur 在 100x100 图像上，大约 500 轮）

尖峰是 gc。

您可以自己检查一下，基准应用程序位于 Playstore 中： BlurBenchmark

尽可能重用位图（如果优先级：性能 > 内存占用）

如果您需要多次模糊以实现实时模糊或类似效果，并且您的内存允许，请不要多次从可绘制对象中加载位图，而是保留它“缓存”在成员变量中。在这种情况下，请始终尝试使用相同的变量，以将垃圾收集保持在最低限度。

另请查看新的 inBitmap 选项当从文件或可绘制对象加载时，这将重用位图内存并节省垃圾收集时间。

对于从锐利到模糊的混合，

简单而天真的方法就是使用 2 个 ImageView，其中一个是模糊的，然后进行 alpha 淡入淡出。但如果您想要更精致的外观，从清晰平滑过渡到模糊，请查看 Roman Nurik 的发布有关如何在他的 Muzei 应用程序中执行此操作的帖子。

基本上，他解释说，他预先模糊了一些具有不同模糊程度的帧，并将它们用作看起来非常平滑的动画中的关键帧。

Answer 3

这是在黑暗中拍摄的照片，但您可以尝试缩小图像然后再次放大。这可以通过 Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(Bitmap src, int dstWidth, int dstHeight, boolean filter) 来完成。确保并将过滤器参数设置为 true。它将以本机代码运行，因此可能会更快。

Answer 4

编辑（2014 年 4 月）：这是一个问题/答案页面，看起来仍然有很多点击。我知道我的这篇文章总是会得到点赞。但如果您正在阅读本文，您需要意识到此处发布的答案（包括我的答案和已接受的答案）已经过时。如果您想立即实现高效模糊 >, 您应该使用 RenderScript 而不是 NDK 或 Java。 RenderScript 在 Android 2.2+ 上运行（使用 Android支持库），所以没有理由不使用它。

旧的答案如下，但要小心，因为它已经过时了。

---

对于未来² Google 员工，这里有一个算法，是我从 Yahel 的 Quasimondo 算法移植而来的，但使用的是 NDK。当然，这是基于 Yahel 的回答。但这是运行本机 C 代码，因此速度更快。快得多。比如说，快了 40 倍。

我发现使用 NDK 是在 Android 上完成所有图像操作的方式...一开始实现起来有点烦人（阅读关于使用 JNI 和 NDK 的精彩教程此处），但好多了，而且很多事情都接近实时。

作为参考，使用 Yahel 的 Java 函数，模糊半径为 10 的 480x532 像素图像花了 10 秒。但使用本机 C 版本花了 250 毫秒。而且我很确定它仍然可以进一步优化...我只是对java代码做了一个愚蠢的转换，可能有一些操作可以缩短，不想花太多时间重构整个事情。

#include <jni.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <android/log.h>
#include <android/bitmap.h>

#define LOG_TAG "libbitmaputils"
#define LOGI(...)  __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO,LOG_TAG,__VA_ARGS__)
#define LOGE(...)  __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_ERROR,LOG_TAG,__VA_ARGS__)

typedef struct {
    uint8_t red;
    uint8_t green;
    uint8_t blue;
    uint8_t alpha;
} rgba;

JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_com_insert_your_package_ClassName_functionToBlur(JNIEnv* env, jobject obj, jobject bitmapIn, jobject bitmapOut, jint radius) {
    LOGI("Blurring bitmap...");

    // Properties
    AndroidBitmapInfo   infoIn;
    void*               pixelsIn;
    AndroidBitmapInfo   infoOut;
    void*               pixelsOut;

    int ret;

    // Get image info
    if ((ret = AndroidBitmap_getInfo(env, bitmapIn, &infoIn)) < 0 || (ret = AndroidBitmap_getInfo(env, bitmapOut, &infoOut)) < 0) {
        LOGE("AndroidBitmap_getInfo() failed ! error=%d", ret);
        return;
    }

    // Check image
    if (infoIn.format != ANDROID_BITMAP_FORMAT_RGBA_8888 || infoOut.format != ANDROID_BITMAP_FORMAT_RGBA_8888) {
        LOGE("Bitmap format is not RGBA_8888!");
        LOGE("==> %d %d", infoIn.format, infoOut.format);
        return;
    }

    // Lock all images
    if ((ret = AndroidBitmap_lockPixels(env, bitmapIn, &pixelsIn)) < 0 || (ret = AndroidBitmap_lockPixels(env, bitmapOut, &pixelsOut)) < 0) {
        LOGE("AndroidBitmap_lockPixels() failed ! error=%d", ret);
    }

    int h = infoIn.height;
    int w = infoIn.width;

    LOGI("Image size is: %i %i", w, h);

    rgba* input = (rgba*) pixelsIn;
    rgba* output = (rgba*) pixelsOut;

    int wm = w - 1;
    int hm = h - 1;
    int wh = w * h;
    int whMax = max(w, h);
    int div = radius + radius + 1;

    int r[wh];
    int g[wh];
    int b[wh];
    int rsum, gsum, bsum, x, y, i, yp, yi, yw;
    rgba p;
    int vmin[whMax];

    int divsum = (div + 1) >> 1;
    divsum *= divsum;
    int dv[256 * divsum];
    for (i = 0; i < 256 * divsum; i++) {
        dv[i] = (i / divsum);
    }

    yw = yi = 0;

    int stack[div][3];
    int stackpointer;
    int stackstart;
    int rbs;
    int ir;
    int ip;
    int r1 = radius + 1;
    int routsum, goutsum, boutsum;
    int rinsum, ginsum, binsum;

    for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {
        rinsum = ginsum = binsum = routsum = goutsum = boutsum = rsum = gsum = bsum = 0;
        for (i = -radius; i <= radius; i++) {
            p = input[yi + min(wm, max(i, 0))];

            ir = i + radius; // same as sir

            stack[ir][0] = p.red;
            stack[ir][1] = p.green;
            stack[ir][2] = p.blue;
            rbs = r1 - abs(i);
            rsum += stack[ir][0] * rbs;
            gsum += stack[ir][1] * rbs;
            bsum += stack[ir][2] * rbs;
            if (i > 0) {
                rinsum += stack[ir][0];
                ginsum += stack[ir][1];
                binsum += stack[ir][2];
            } else {
                routsum += stack[ir][0];
                goutsum += stack[ir][1];
                boutsum += stack[ir][2];
            }
        }
        stackpointer = radius;

        for (x = 0; x < w; x++) {

            r[yi] = dv[rsum];
            g[yi] = dv[gsum];
            b[yi] = dv[bsum];

            rsum -= routsum;
            gsum -= goutsum;
            bsum -= boutsum;

            stackstart = stackpointer - radius + div;
            ir = stackstart % div; // same as sir

            routsum -= stack[ir][0];
            goutsum -= stack[ir][1];
            boutsum -= stack[ir][2];

            if (y == 0) {
                vmin[x] = min(x + radius + 1, wm);
            }
            p = input[yw + vmin[x]];

            stack[ir][0] = p.red;
            stack[ir][1] = p.green;
            stack[ir][2] = p.blue;

            rinsum += stack[ir][0];
            ginsum += stack[ir][1];
            binsum += stack[ir][2];

            rsum += rinsum;
            gsum += ginsum;
            bsum += binsum;

            stackpointer = (stackpointer + 1) % div;
            ir = (stackpointer) % div; // same as sir

            routsum += stack[ir][0];
            goutsum += stack[ir][1];
            boutsum += stack[ir][2];

            rinsum -= stack[ir][0];
            ginsum -= stack[ir][1];
            binsum -= stack[ir][2];

            yi++;
        }
        yw += w;
    }
    for (x = 0; x < w; x++) {
        rinsum = ginsum = binsum = routsum = goutsum = boutsum = rsum = gsum = bsum = 0;
        yp = -radius * w;
        for (i = -radius; i <= radius; i++) {
            yi = max(0, yp) + x;

            ir = i + radius; // same as sir

            stack[ir][0] = r[yi];
            stack[ir][1] = g[yi];
            stack[ir][2] = b[yi];

            rbs = r1 - abs(i);

            rsum += r[yi] * rbs;
            gsum += g[yi] * rbs;
            bsum += b[yi] * rbs;

            if (i > 0) {
                rinsum += stack[ir][0];
                ginsum += stack[ir][1];
                binsum += stack[ir][2];
            } else {
                routsum += stack[ir][0];
                goutsum += stack[ir][1];
                boutsum += stack[ir][2];
            }

            if (i < hm) {
                yp += w;
            }
        }
        yi = x;
        stackpointer = radius;
        for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {
            output[yi].red = dv[rsum];
            output[yi].green = dv[gsum];
            output[yi].blue = dv[bsum];

            rsum -= routsum;
            gsum -= goutsum;
            bsum -= boutsum;

            stackstart = stackpointer - radius + div;
            ir = stackstart % div; // same as sir

            routsum -= stack[ir][0];
            goutsum -= stack[ir][1];
            boutsum -= stack[ir][2];

            if (x == 0) vmin[y] = min(y + r1, hm) * w;
            ip = x + vmin[y];

            stack[ir][0] = r[ip];
            stack[ir][1] = g[ip];
            stack[ir][2] = b[ip];

            rinsum += stack[ir][0];
            ginsum += stack[ir][1];
            binsum += stack[ir][2];

            rsum += rinsum;
            gsum += ginsum;
            bsum += binsum;

            stackpointer = (stackpointer + 1) % div;
            ir = stackpointer; // same as sir

            routsum += stack[ir][0];
            goutsum += stack[ir][1];
            boutsum += stack[ir][2];

            rinsum -= stack[ir][0];
            ginsum -= stack[ir][1];
            binsum -= stack[ir][2];

            yi += w;
        }
    }

    // Unlocks everything
    AndroidBitmap_unlockPixels(env, bitmapIn);
    AndroidBitmap_unlockPixels(env, bitmapOut);

    LOGI ("Bitmap blurred.");
}

int min(int a, int b) {
    return a > b ? b : a;
}

int max(int a, int b) {
    return a > b ? a : b;
}

然后像这样使用它（考虑一个名为 com.insert.your.package.ClassName 的类和一个名为 functionToBlur 的本机函数，如上面的代码所述）：

// Create a copy
Bitmap bitmapOut = bitmapIn.copy(Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888, true);
// Blur the copy
functionToBlur(bitmapIn, bitmapOut, __radius);

它需要一个 RGB_8888 位图！

要使用 RGB_565 位图，请在传递参数之前创建转换后的副本（恶心），或者更改函数以使用新的 rgb565 类型而不是 rgba：

typedef struct {
    uint16_t byte0;
} rgb565;

问题是如果你这样做，你就无法再读取像素的 .red、.green 和 .blue，你需要读取字节正确地，呃。当我以前需要它时，我这样做了：

r = (pixels[x].byte0 & 0xF800) >> 8;
g = (pixels[x].byte0 & 0x07E0) >> 3;
b = (pixels[x].byte0 & 0x001F) << 3;

但是可能有一些不那么愚蠢的方法可以做到这一点。恐怕我不是一个低级的 C 程序员。

Answer 5

这段代码对我来说非常完美

Bitmap tempbg = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.drawable.b1); //Load a background.
Bitmap final_Bitmap = BlurImage(tempbg);


@SuppressLint("NewApi")
Bitmap BlurImage (Bitmap input)
{
    try
    {
    RenderScript  rsScript = RenderScript.create(getApplicationContext());
    Allocation alloc = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rsScript, input);

    ScriptIntrinsicBlur blur = ScriptIntrinsicBlur.create(rsScript,   Element.U8_4(rsScript));
    blur.setRadius(21);
    blur.setInput(alloc);

    Bitmap result = Bitmap.createBitmap(input.getWidth(), input.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
    Allocation outAlloc = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rsScript, result);

    blur.forEach(outAlloc);
    outAlloc.copyTo(result);

    rsScript.destroy();
    return result;
    }
    catch (Exception e) {
        // TODO: handle exception
        return input;
    }

}

Answer 6

现在，您可以使用 RenderScript 库中的 ScriptIntrinsicBlur 来快速模糊。 此处介绍如何访问 RenderScript API。以下是我制作的用于模糊视图和位图的类：

public class BlurBuilder {
    private static final float BITMAP_SCALE = 0.4f;
    private static final float BLUR_RADIUS = 7.5f;

    public static Bitmap blur(View v) {
        return blur(v.getContext(), getScreenshot(v));
    }

    public static Bitmap blur(Context ctx, Bitmap image) {
        int width = Math.round(image.getWidth() * BITMAP_SCALE);
        int height = Math.round(image.getHeight() * BITMAP_SCALE);

        Bitmap inputBitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(image, width, height, false);
        Bitmap outputBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(inputBitmap);

        RenderScript rs = RenderScript.create(ctx);
        ScriptIntrinsicBlur theIntrinsic = ScriptIntrinsicBlur.create(rs, Element.U8_4(rs));
        Allocation tmpIn = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rs, inputBitmap);
        Allocation tmpOut = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rs, outputBitmap);
        theIntrinsic.setRadius(BLUR_RADIUS);
        theIntrinsic.setInput(tmpIn);
        theIntrinsic.forEach(tmpOut);
        tmpOut.copyTo(outputBitmap);

        return outputBitmap;
    }

    private static Bitmap getScreenshot(View v) {
        Bitmap b = Bitmap.createBitmap(v.getWidth(), v.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        Canvas c = new Canvas(b);
        v.draw(c);
        return b;
    }
}

Answer 7

这对我来说效果很好：How to Blur Images Efficiently with Android's RenderScript

public class BlurBuilder {
    private static final float BITMAP_SCALE = 0.4f;
    private static final float BLUR_RADIUS = 7.5f;

    @SuppressLint("NewApi")
    public static Bitmap blur(Context context, Bitmap image) {
        int width = Math.round(image.getWidth() * BITMAP_SCALE);
        int height = Math.round(image.getHeight() * BITMAP_SCALE);

        Bitmap inputBitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(image, width, height,
            false);
        Bitmap outputBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(inputBitmap);

        RenderScript rs = RenderScript.create(context);
        ScriptIntrinsicBlur theIntrinsic = ScriptIntrinsicBlur.create(rs,
            Element.U8_4(rs));
        Allocation tmpIn = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rs, inputBitmap);
        Allocation tmpOut = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rs, outputBitmap);
        theIntrinsic.setRadius(BLUR_RADIUS);
        theIntrinsic.setInput(tmpIn);
        theIntrinsic.forEach(tmpOut);
        tmpOut.copyTo(outputBitmap);

        return outputBitmap;
    }
}

Answer 8

我以前用过这个..

public static Bitmap myblur(Bitmap image, Context context) {
            final float BITMAP_SCALE = 0.4f;
            final float BLUR_RADIUS = 7.5f;
            int width = Math.round(image.getWidth() * BITMAP_SCALE);
            int height = Math.round(image.getHeight() * BITMAP_SCALE);
            Bitmap inputBitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(image, width, height, false);
            Bitmap outputBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(inputBitmap);
            RenderScript rs = RenderScript.create(context);
            ScriptIntrinsicBlur theIntrinsic = ScriptIntrinsicBlur.create(rs, Element.U8_4(rs));
            Allocation tmpIn = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rs, inputBitmap);
            Allocation tmpOut = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rs, outputBitmap);
            theIntrinsic.setRadius(BLUR_RADIUS);
            theIntrinsic.setInput(tmpIn);
            theIntrinsic.forEach(tmpOut);
            tmpOut.copyTo(outputBitmap);
            return outputBitmap;
        }

Answer 9

感谢@Yahel 提供的代码。
发布具有 alpha 通道模糊 支持的相同方法，因为我花了一些时间才使其正常工作，因此它可能会节省某人的时间：

/**
 * Stack Blur v1.0 from
 * http://www.quasimondo.com/StackBlurForCanvas/StackBlurDemo.html
 * Java Author: Mario Klingemann <mario at quasimondo.com>
 * http://incubator.quasimondo.com
 * <p/>
 * created Feburary 29, 2004
 * Android port : Yahel Bouaziz <yahel at kayenko.com>
 * http://www.kayenko.com
 * ported april 5th, 2012
 * <p/>
 * This is a compromise between Gaussian Blur and Box blur
 * It creates much better looking blurs than Box Blur, but is
 * 7x faster than my Gaussian Blur implementation.
 * <p/>
 * I called it Stack Blur because this describes best how this
 * filter works internally: it creates a kind of moving stack
 * of colors whilst scanning through the image. Thereby it
 * just has to add one new block of color to the right side
 * of the stack and remove the leftmost color. The remaining
 * colors on the topmost layer of the stack are either added on
 * or reduced by one, depending on if they are on the right or
 * on the left side of the stack.
 * <p/>
 * If you are using this algorithm in your code please add
 * the following line:
 * Stack Blur Algorithm by Mario Klingemann <[email protected]>
 */

public static Bitmap fastblur(Bitmap sentBitmap, float scale, int radius) {

    int width = Math.round(sentBitmap.getWidth() * scale);
    int height = Math.round(sentBitmap.getHeight() * scale);
    sentBitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(sentBitmap, width, height, false);

    Bitmap bitmap = sentBitmap.copy(sentBitmap.getConfig(), true);

    if (radius < 1) {
        return (null);
    }

    int w = bitmap.getWidth();
    int h = bitmap.getHeight();

    int[] pix = new int[w * h];
    Log.e("pix", w + " " + h + " " + pix.length);
    bitmap.getPixels(pix, 0, w, 0, 0, w, h);

    int wm = w - 1;
    int hm = h - 1;
    int wh = w * h;
    int div = radius + radius + 1;

    int r[] = new int[wh];
    int g[] = new int[wh];
    int b[] = new int[wh];
    int a[] = new int[wh];
    int rsum, gsum, bsum, asum, x, y, i, p, yp, yi, yw;
    int vmin[] = new int[Math.max(w, h)];

    int divsum = (div + 1) >> 1;
    divsum *= divsum;
    int dv[] = new int[256 * divsum];
    for (i = 0; i < 256 * divsum; i++) {
        dv[i] = (i / divsum);
    }

    yw = yi = 0;

    int[][] stack = new int[div][4];
    int stackpointer;
    int stackstart;
    int[] sir;
    int rbs;
    int r1 = radius + 1;
    int routsum, goutsum, boutsum, aoutsum;
    int rinsum, ginsum, binsum, ainsum;

    for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {
        rinsum = ginsum = binsum = ainsum = routsum = goutsum = boutsum = aoutsum = rsum = gsum = bsum = asum = 0;
        for (i = -radius; i <= radius; i++) {
            p = pix[yi + Math.min(wm, Math.max(i, 0))];
            sir = stack[i + radius];
            sir[0] = (p & 0xff0000) >> 16;
            sir[1] = (p & 0x00ff00) >> 8;
            sir[2] = (p & 0x0000ff);
            sir[3] = 0xff & (p >> 24);

            rbs = r1 - Math.abs(i);
            rsum += sir[0] * rbs;
            gsum += sir[1] * rbs;
            bsum += sir[2] * rbs;
            asum += sir[3] * rbs;
            if (i > 0) {
                rinsum += sir[0];
                ginsum += sir[1];
                binsum += sir[2];
                ainsum += sir[3];
            } else {
                routsum += sir[0];
                goutsum += sir[1];
                boutsum += sir[2];
                aoutsum += sir[3];
            }
        }
        stackpointer = radius;

        for (x = 0; x < w; x++) {

            r[yi] = dv[rsum];
            g[yi] = dv[gsum];
            b[yi] = dv[bsum];
            a[yi] = dv[asum];

            rsum -= routsum;
            gsum -= goutsum;
            bsum -= boutsum;
            asum -= aoutsum;

            stackstart = stackpointer - radius + div;
            sir = stack[stackstart % div];

            routsum -= sir[0];
            goutsum -= sir[1];
            boutsum -= sir[2];
            aoutsum -= sir[3];

            if (y == 0) {
                vmin[x] = Math.min(x + radius + 1, wm);
            }
            p = pix[yw + vmin[x]];

            sir[0] = (p & 0xff0000) >> 16;
            sir[1] = (p & 0x00ff00) >> 8;
            sir[2] = (p & 0x0000ff);
            sir[3] = 0xff & (p >> 24);

            rinsum += sir[0];
            ginsum += sir[1];
            binsum += sir[2];
            ainsum += sir[3];

            rsum += rinsum;
            gsum += ginsum;
            bsum += binsum;
            asum += ainsum;

            stackpointer = (stackpointer + 1) % div;
            sir = stack[(stackpointer) % div];

            routsum += sir[0];
            goutsum += sir[1];
            boutsum += sir[2];
            aoutsum += sir[3];

            rinsum -= sir[0];
            ginsum -= sir[1];
            binsum -= sir[2];
            ainsum -= sir[3];

            yi++;
        }
        yw += w;
    }
    for (x = 0; x < w; x++) {
        rinsum = ginsum = binsum = ainsum = routsum = goutsum = boutsum = aoutsum = rsum = gsum = bsum = asum = 0;
        yp = -radius * w;
        for (i = -radius; i <= radius; i++) {
            yi = Math.max(0, yp) + x;

            sir = stack[i + radius];

            sir[0] = r[yi];
            sir[1] = g[yi];
            sir[2] = b[yi];
            sir[3] = a[yi];

            rbs = r1 - Math.abs(i);

            rsum += r[yi] * rbs;
            gsum += g[yi] * rbs;
            bsum += b[yi] * rbs;
            asum += a[yi] * rbs;

            if (i > 0) {
                rinsum += sir[0];
                ginsum += sir[1];
                binsum += sir[2];
                ainsum += sir[3];
            } else {
                routsum += sir[0];
                goutsum += sir[1];
                boutsum += sir[2];
                aoutsum += sir[3];
            }

            if (i < hm) {
                yp += w;
            }
        }
        yi = x;
        stackpointer = radius;
        for (y = 0; y < h; y++) {
            pix[yi] = (dv[asum] << 24) | (dv[rsum] << 16) | (dv[gsum] << 8) | dv[bsum];

            rsum -= routsum;
            gsum -= goutsum;
            bsum -= boutsum;
            asum -= aoutsum;

            stackstart = stackpointer - radius + div;
            sir = stack[stackstart % div];

            routsum -= sir[0];
            goutsum -= sir[1];
            boutsum -= sir[2];
            aoutsum -= sir[3];

            if (x == 0) {
                vmin[y] = Math.min(y + r1, hm) * w;
            }
            p = x + vmin[y];


            sir[0] = r[p];
            sir[1] = g[p];
            sir[2] = b[p];
            sir[3] = a[p];

            rinsum += sir[0];
            ginsum += sir[1];
            binsum += sir[2];
            ainsum += sir[3];

            rsum += rinsum;
            gsum += ginsum;
            bsum += binsum;
            asum += ainsum;

            stackpointer = (stackpointer + 1) % div;
            sir = stack[stackpointer];

            routsum += sir[0];
            goutsum += sir[1];
            boutsum += sir[2];
            aoutsum += sir[3];

            rinsum -= sir[0];
            ginsum -= sir[1];
            binsum -= sir[2];
            ainsum -= sir[3];

            yi += w;
        }
    }

    Log.e("pix", w + " " + h + " " + pix.length);
    bitmap.setPixels(pix, 0, w, 0, 0, w, h);

    return (bitmap);
}

Answer 10

使用此处提到的渲染脚本 http://blog。 neteril.org/blog/2013/08/12/blurring-images-on-android/

Answer 11

这适用于所有需要增加 ScriptIntrinsicBlur 半径以获得更硬的高斯模糊的人。

您可以缩小图像并获得相同的结果，而不是将半径设置为超过 25。我编写了一个名为 GaussianBlur 的类。下面你可以看到如何使用，以及整个类的实现。

用途：

GaussianBlur gaussian = new GaussianBlur(context);
gaussian.setMaxImageSize(60);
gaussian.setRadius(25); //max

Bitmap output = gaussian.render(<your bitmap>,true);
Drawable d = new BitmapDrawable(getResources(),output);

类别：

 public class GaussianBlur {
    private final int DEFAULT_RADIUS = 25;
    private final float DEFAULT_MAX_IMAGE_SIZE = 400;

    private Context context;
    private int radius;
    private float maxImageSize;

    public GaussianBlur(Context context) {
    this.context = context;
    setRadius(DEFAULT_RADIUS);
    setMaxImageSize(DEFAULT_MAX_IMAGE_SIZE);
    } 

    public Bitmap render(Bitmap bitmap, boolean scaleDown) {
    RenderScript rs = RenderScript.create(context);

    if (scaleDown) {
        bitmap = scaleDown(bitmap);
    }

    Bitmap output = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight(), Config.ARGB_8888);

    Allocation inAlloc = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rs, bitmap, Allocation.MipmapControl.MIPMAP_NONE, Allocation.USAGE_GRAPHICS_TEXTURE);
    Allocation outAlloc = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rs, output);

    ScriptIntrinsicBlur script = ScriptIntrinsicBlur.create(rs, inAlloc.getElement()); // Element.U8_4(rs));
    script.setRadius(getRadius());
    script.setInput(inAlloc);
    script.forEach(outAlloc);
    outAlloc.copyTo(output);

    rs.destroy();

    return output;
}

public Bitmap scaleDown(Bitmap input) {
    float ratio = Math.min((float) getMaxImageSize() / input.getWidth(), (float) getMaxImageSize() / input.getHeight());
    int width = Math.round((float) ratio * input.getWidth());
    int height = Math.round((float) ratio * input.getHeight());

    return Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(input, width, height, true);
}

public int getRadius() {
    return radius;
}

public void setRadius(int radius) {
    this.radius = radius;
}

public float getMaxImageSize() {
    return maxImageSize;
}

public void setMaxImageSize(float maxImageSize) {
    this.maxImageSize = maxImageSize;
}
    }

Answer 12

对于未来选择 NDK 方法的 Google 员工 - 我发现提到的可靠的 stackblur 算法。我在这里发现了不依赖 SSE 的 C++ 实现 - http://www .antigrain.com/__code/include/agg_blur.h.html#stack_blur_rgba32 其中包含一些使用静态表的优化，例如：

static unsigned short const stackblur_mul[255] =
{
    512,512,456,512,328,456,335,512,405,328,271,456,388,335,292,512,
    454,405,364,328,298,271,496,456,420,388,360,335,312,292,273,512,
    482,454,428,405,383,364,345,328,312,298,284,271,259,496,475,456,
    437,420,404,388,374,360,347,335,323,312,302,292,282,273,265,512,
    497,482,468,454,441,428,417,405,394,383,373,364,354,345,337,328,
    320,312,305,298,291,284,278,271,265,259,507,496,485,475,465,456,
    446,437,428,420,412,404,396,388,381,374,367,360,354,347,341,335,
    329,323,318,312,307,302,297,292,287,282,278,273,269,265,261,512,
    505,497,489,482,475,468,461,454,447,441,435,428,422,417,411,405,
    399,394,389,383,378,373,368,364,359,354,350,345,341,337,332,328,
    324,320,316,312,309,305,301,298,294,291,287,284,281,278,274,271,
    268,265,262,259,257,507,501,496,491,485,480,475,470,465,460,456,
    451,446,442,437,433,428,424,420,416,412,408,404,400,396,392,388,
    385,381,377,374,370,367,363,360,357,354,350,347,344,341,338,335,
    332,329,326,323,320,318,315,312,310,307,304,302,299,297,294,292,
    289,287,285,282,280,278,275,273,271,269,267,265,263,261,259
};

static unsigned char const stackblur_shr[255] =
{
    9, 11, 12, 13, 13, 14, 14, 15, 15, 15, 15, 16, 16, 16, 16, 17,
    17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 18, 18, 18, 18, 18, 18, 18, 18, 18, 19,
    19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 20, 20, 20,
    20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 21,
    21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21,
    21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22,
    22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22,
    22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 23,
    23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23,
    23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23,
    23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 23,
    23, 23, 23, 23, 23, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
    24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
    24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
    24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24,
    24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24, 24
}; 

我对多核系统的 stackblur 算法进行了修改 - 可以在这里找到http://vitiy.info/stackblur-algorithm-multi-threaded-blur-for- .cpp/
随着越来越多的设备拥有 4 核 - 优化可带来 4 倍的速度优势。

Answer 13

尼古拉斯·波梅普的建议。我认为这个链接会有帮助： Android 设计的模糊效果

示例项目位于 github

@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR1)
private static Bitmap fastblur16(Bitmap source, int radius, Context ctx) {    
    Bitmap bitmap = source.copy(source.getConfig(), true);    
    RenderScript rs = RenderScript.create(ctx);
    Allocation input = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rs, source, Allocation.MipmapControl.MIPMAP_NONE, Allocation.USAGE_SCRIPT);
    Allocation output = Allocation.createTyped(rs, input.getType());
    ScriptIntrinsicBlur script = ScriptIntrinsicBlur.create(rs, Element.U8_4(rs));
    script.setRadius(radius);
    script.setInput(input);
    script.forEach(output);
    output.copyTo(bitmap);
    return bitmap;
}

Answer 14

我们尝试在不同的答案中实现如上所述的 RenderScript 模糊。我们被限制使用 v8 RenderScript 版本，这给我们带来了很多麻烦。

• 每当我们尝试使用渲染脚本时，三星 S3 都会随机崩溃
• 其他设备（跨不同的 API）随机显示不同的颜色问题

我想分享我们肮脏的纯 Java 版本，该版本速度很慢，应该在单独的线程上完成，如果可能的话，应该在之前完成使用并因此持续存在。

private final Paint mPaint = new Paint();

public Bitmap blur(final String pathToBitmap) {
    final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
    final Bitmap normalOne = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(pathToBitmap, options);
    final Bitmap resultBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(options.outWidth, options.outHeight, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
    Canvas canvas = new Canvas(resultBitmap);
    mPaint.setAlpha(180);
    canvas.drawBitmap(normalOne, 0, 0, mPaint);
    int blurRadius = 12;
    for (int row = -blurRadius; row < blurRadius; row += 2) {
        for (int col = -blurRadius; col < blurRadius; col += 2) {
            if (col * col + row * row <= blurRadius * blurRadius) {
                mPaint.setAlpha((blurRadius * blurRadius) / ((col * col + row * row) + 1) * 2);
                canvas.drawBitmap(normalOne, row, col, mPaint);
            }
        }
    }
    normalOne.recycle();
    return resultBitmap;
}

该解决方案远非完美，但基于以下事实创建了合理的模糊效果：它在几乎不透明的“锐利”版本之上绘制同一图像的高度透明版本。 alpha 取决于到原点的距离。

您可以根据需要调整一些“幻数”。
我只是想与所有对 RenderScript v8 支持版本有问题的人分享这个“解决方案”。

Answer 15

在 i/o 2019 上，提出了以下解决方案：

/**
 * Blurs the given Bitmap image
 * @param bitmap Image to blur
 * @param applicationContext Application context
 * @return Blurred bitmap image
 */
@WorkerThread
fun blurBitmap(bitmap: Bitmap, applicationContext: Context): Bitmap {
    lateinit var rsContext: RenderScript
    try {

        // Create the output bitmap
        val output = Bitmap.createBitmap(
                bitmap.width, bitmap.height, bitmap.config)

        // Blur the image
        rsContext = RenderScript.create(applicationContext, RenderScript.ContextType.DEBUG)
        val inAlloc = Allocation.createFromBitmap(rsContext, bitmap)
        val outAlloc = Allocation.createTyped(rsContext, inAlloc.type)
        val theIntrinsic = ScriptIntrinsicBlur.create(rsContext, Element.U8_4(rsContext))
        theIntrinsic.apply {
            setRadius(10f)
            theIntrinsic.setInput(inAlloc)
            theIntrinsic.forEach(outAlloc)
        }
        outAlloc.copyTo(output)

        return output
    } finally {
        rsContext.finish()
    }
}

Answer 16

截至 2024 年，RenderScript 不再是在 Android 中实现模糊的最佳方法。

设备和组件制造商已经停止提供
硬件加速支持，以及 RenderScript 支持预计
在未来的版本中将被完全删除。 来源

Toolkit 即将取代 RenderScript。我能够在 ~9-12 毫秒 内实现 640x360 位图的模糊效果。

以下是使用工具包实现位图模糊的步骤。

1- 添加依赖：

implementation "com.github.android:renderscript-intrinsics-replacement-toolkit:b6363490c3"

2- 然后调用Toolkit 中的blur 函数。请注意，您还可以执行许多其他操作，例如混合和卷积。

Toolkit.blur(sourceBitmap, 25)

这里 sourceBitmap 是要模糊的位图，25 是半径。您可以尝试 1 到 25 之间的半径以获得所需的结果。

Answer 17

对于那些仍然对 x86 芯片组上的 Renderscript 支持库有问题的人，请查看该库创建者的这篇文章。看起来他准备的修复程序并没有以某种方式进入构建工具 v20.0.0，因此他提供了手动修复它的文件以及如何执行此操作的简要说明。

https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?can=2&start=0&num=100& ;q=&colspec=ID%20Type%20Status%20Owner%20Summary%20Stars&groupby=&sort=&id=71347

Answer 18

来自 Mario Viviani 博客，可以在 17 Android 版本中使用此解决方案：

https://plus.google。 com/+MarioViviani/posts/fhuzYkji9zz

或

https://gist.github.com/Mariuxtheone/ 903c35b4927c0df18cf8

Answer 19

这是使用 RenderScript 的实时模糊叠加，看起来速度足够快。

https://github.com/mmin18/RealtimeBlurView

Answer 20

我发现稍微降低对比度、亮度和饱和度会让模糊图像变得更漂亮，所以我结合了堆栈溢出中的各种方法并制作了这个Blur Class 处理模糊图像，改变模糊图像的亮度、饱和度、对比度和大小。它还可以将图像从可绘制图像转换为位图，反之亦然。