The font should be generously large, so that everyone can see it: for typical talk situations font size is not the main constraint, but amount of information being displayed per size.
The advice I generally heard has been to have very few slides with more than 10 to 12 lines of content on them, including the slides heading. The beamer manual suggests that its default of an 11pt font (onto a quite small page, so this is not as small as it sounds) leads to a maximum of around 20 lines on the page, which seems to be rather too high.
By contrast Powerpoint uses a default font size of 17pt, which gives much better amount of information, but often seems to lead, to my taste, to somewhat bombastic presentations.
The middle of this range, around 14pt, seems a good median.
Some further considerations:
I am not a beamer expert. I usually handwrite my slides!
You can justify using rather bigger fonts, to give a point some punch, and sometimes you have a complex idea that is best presented all at once. Variations in the amount of information of the slide should be accompanied by variations in how you present that slide: this is easy with less information, but the risk with more information is that you don't guide the audience through all of what you are presenting properly.
You generally should read out everything on the slide. If this seems silly for some piece of content, it probably shouldn't be there. Don't be tempted to fit large pieces of code on a slide and expect the audience to just absorb what is there: chop out the bits that matter and explain them properly.
进行演示时，您应该关注投影文本的可读性。诸如 12pt、16pt 之类的术语实际上是用于纸上打字的。投影时，您的文本在大厅的屏幕上的 x 高度可能为 10 厘米。除了在要进行演示的房间里排练并从最远的座位检查文本的可读性之外，没有什么好的选择。
有很多因素导致纸上字体的规则不足以指导屏幕上的字体。其中一些是：
激光打印机的高分辨率与投影仪通常较低的分辨率之间的差异；
在纸上效果很好的前景和背景颜色组合在屏幕上效果可能很差，反之亦然；
甚至投影屏幕的质量也会影响文本的可读性。
When making a presentation your concern should be the readability of projected text. Terms such as 12pt, 16pt are really for type on paper. When projected your text might be 10cm in x-height on the screen in a large hall. There is no good alternative to rehearsing in the room you will be making the presentation in, and checking the legibility of text from the furthest seats.
There are a lot of factors which make rules about type on paper inadequate for guidance on type on a screen. Some of these are:
the difference between the high resolution of laser printers and the generally lower resolution of projectors;
foreground and background colour combinations which work well on paper may work very poorly on screen, and vice-versa;
even the quality of the projection screen has an impact on the readability of text.
You want something "rounder" than you would use for handouts. Also sans-serif. Beyond that it's probably not that big a deal.
I've used Futura and Gill Sans (Keynote's default font) in the past. Calibri (PowerPoint's default in their latest version) is nice. Gotham is a very popular font, too.
Charles and I clearly disagree! I've just beamer a fair few times for talks and just left the default sizings as they were and got good results. I believe Beamer is designed with a similar mindset to LaTeX: it uses defaults that are good enough for the intended use.
In my talks, I use Futura as my main font, which is very readable at large sizes. Relevant bits of my standard preamble follow. (I use xelatex btw, which makes font switching much easier)
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对于投影仪，我总是使用
实际字体大小大于 14pt，因为投影仪使用缩放。
With beamer, I always use
The actual font size is larger than 14pt because of the scaling that beamer uses.
字体应该足够大，以便每个人都可以看到它：对于典型的谈话情况，字体大小不是主要限制，但每个大小显示的信息量。
我通常听到的建议是，幻灯片上的内容不要超过 10 到 12 行，包括幻灯片标题。投影仪手册建议其默认的 11pt 字体（在一个相当小的页面上，所以这并不像听起来那么小）导致页面上最多大约 20 行，这似乎相当高。
相比之下，Powerpoint 使用 17pt 的默认字体大小，这提供了更多的信息，但根据我的口味，往往会导致演示文稿有些夸张。
这个范围的中间，大约 14pt，似乎是一个不错的中值。
一些进一步的考虑：
The font should be generously large, so that everyone can see it: for typical talk situations font size is not the main constraint, but amount of information being displayed per size.
The advice I generally heard has been to have very few slides with more than 10 to 12 lines of content on them, including the slides heading. The beamer manual suggests that its default of an 11pt font (onto a quite small page, so this is not as small as it sounds) leads to a maximum of around 20 lines on the page, which seems to be rather too high.
By contrast Powerpoint uses a default font size of 17pt, which gives much better amount of information, but often seems to lead, to my taste, to somewhat bombastic presentations.
The middle of this range, around 14pt, seems a good median.
Some further considerations:
进行演示时，您应该关注投影文本的可读性。诸如 12pt、16pt 之类的术语实际上是用于纸上打字的。投影时，您的文本在大厅的屏幕上的 x 高度可能为 10 厘米。除了在要进行演示的房间里排练并从最远的座位检查文本的可读性之外，没有什么好的选择。
有很多因素导致纸上字体的规则不足以指导屏幕上的字体。其中一些是：
When making a presentation your concern should be the readability of projected text. Terms such as 12pt, 16pt are really for type on paper. When projected your text might be 10cm in x-height on the screen in a large hall. There is no good alternative to rehearsing in the room you will be making the presentation in, and checking the legibility of text from the furthest seats.
There are a lot of factors which make rules about type on paper inadequate for guidance on type on a screen. Some of these are:
这会因屏幕分辨率和投影屏幕的尺寸而有很大差异。
This will vary greatly on your screen resolution and on the size of the projection screen.
您想要比讲义更“圆”的东西。还有无衬线。除此之外，这可能没什么大不了的。
我过去使用过 Futura 和 Gill Sans（Keynote 的默认字体）。 Calibri（PowerPoint 最新版本的默认设置）非常好用。 Gotham 也是一种非常流行的字体。
You want something "rounder" than you would use for handouts. Also sans-serif. Beyond that it's probably not that big a deal.
I've used Futura and Gill Sans (Keynote's default font) in the past. Calibri (PowerPoint's default in their latest version) is nice. Gotham is a very popular font, too.
查尔斯和我显然不同意！我刚刚在会谈中使用了几次投影仪，并保留了默认尺寸，并获得了良好的结果。我相信 Beamer 的设计理念与 LaTeX 类似：它使用足以满足预期用途的默认值。
在我的演讲中，我使用 Futura 作为我的主要字体，它在大尺寸下非常可读。我的标准序言的相关部分如下。 （顺便说一句，我使用 xelatex，这使得字体切换更加容易）
Charles and I clearly disagree! I've just beamer a fair few times for talks and just left the default sizings as they were and got good results. I believe Beamer is designed with a similar mindset to LaTeX: it uses defaults that are good enough for the intended use.
In my talks, I use Futura as my main font, which is very readable at large sizes. Relevant bits of my standard preamble follow. (I use
xelatexbtw, which makes font switching much easier)