无法导出模板函数

发布于 2024-08-16 17:39:34 字数 1980 浏览 14 评论 0原文

我有一个名为“SimObject”的类:

namespace simBase
{
    class __declspec(dllexport) SimObject: public SimSomething
    {
        public:

            template <class T>
            void updateParamValue( const std::string& name, T val );
    }
}

我有另一个名为“ITerrainDrawable”的类:

namespace simTerrain
{
    class __declspec(dllexport) ITerrainDrawable : public simBase::SimObject
    {
    }
}

这些类位于不同的库中。 SimObject位于simBase中,ITerrainDrawable位于simTerrain库中。即使 ITerrainDrawable 派生自 SimObject 并且我包含了 simBase 库,我也会收到链接错误:

无法解析的外部符号

1>ITerrainDrawable.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: void __thiscall simBase::SimObject::updateParamValue<float>(class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> > const &,float)" (??$updateParamValue@M@SimObject@simBase@@QAEXABV?$basic_string@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@V?$allocator@D@2@@std@@M@Z) referenced in function "public: void __thiscall simTerrain::ITerrainDrawable::setTerrainSize(float)" (?setTerrainSize@ITerrainDrawable@simTerrain@@QAEXM@Z)
1>ITerrainDrawable.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: void __thiscall simBase::SimObject::updateParamValue<class osg::Vec4f>(class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> > const &,class osg::Vec4f)" (??$updateParamValue@VVec4f@osg@@@SimObject@simBase@@QAEXABV?$basic_string@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@V?$allocator@D@2@@std@@VVec4f@osg@@@Z) referenced in function "public: void __thiscall simTerrain::ITerrainDrawable::setSatelliteTextureBorders(class osg::Vec2f,class osg::Vec2f)" (?setSatelliteTextureBorders@ITerrainDrawable@simTerrain@@QAEXVVec2f@osg@@0@Z)

为什么会出现此错误?

如果我不使用模板函数但我需要它,一切都会正常工作。

如果我将此函数移至 simTerrain 库,它可以正常工作,但我不想使用重复的函数,因为有很多像 simTerrain 这样的库。

I have a class named "SimObject":

namespace simBase
{
    class __declspec(dllexport) SimObject: public SimSomething
    {
        public:

            template <class T>
            void updateParamValue( const std::string& name, T val );
    }
}

I have another class named "ITerrainDrawable":

namespace simTerrain
{
    class __declspec(dllexport) ITerrainDrawable : public simBase::SimObject
    {
    }
}

These classes are in different libraries. SimObject is in simBase, ITerrainDrawable is in simTerrain libraries. Even if ITerrainDrawable is derived from SimObject and I included library of simBase, I get a link error:

unresolved external symbol

1>ITerrainDrawable.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: void __thiscall simBase::SimObject::updateParamValue<float>(class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> > const &,float)" (??$updateParamValue@M@SimObject@simBase@@QAEXABV?$basic_string@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@V?$allocator@D@2@@std@@M@Z) referenced in function "public: void __thiscall simTerrain::ITerrainDrawable::setTerrainSize(float)" (?setTerrainSize@ITerrainDrawable@simTerrain@@QAEXM@Z)
1>ITerrainDrawable.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: void __thiscall simBase::SimObject::updateParamValue<class osg::Vec4f>(class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> > const &,class osg::Vec4f)" (??$updateParamValue@VVec4f@osg@@@SimObject@simBase@@QAEXABV?$basic_string@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@V?$allocator@D@2@@std@@VVec4f@osg@@@Z) referenced in function "public: void __thiscall simTerrain::ITerrainDrawable::setSatelliteTextureBorders(class osg::Vec2f,class osg::Vec2f)" (?setSatelliteTextureBorders@ITerrainDrawable@simTerrain@@QAEXVVec2f@osg@@0@Z)

Why do I get this error?

Everything works fine if I don't use template function but I need it.

If I move this function to simTerrain library it works fine but I don't want to use duplicate function because there are many libraries like simTerrain.

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评论(5

少女情怀诗 2024-08-23 17:39:34

C++并不真正支持模板代码的单独编译——你需要将模板的定义放在头文件中。

C++ does not really support the separate compilation of template code - you need to put the definition of the template in a header file.

东风软 2024-08-23 17:39:34

模板有两种编译模型:

  1. 包含编译模型(如包含头文件)
  2. 单独编译模型(接口与实现分离)

您可以在模板定义时使​​用导出关键字作为第二个选项。

export template <class T>
void updateParamValue( const std::string& name, T val ) {}

但我不确定所有编译器都支持它。

There are two compilation model for templates :

  1. Inclusion compilation model ( like including header file )
  2. Separate compilation model ( separation of interface from implementation )

You can use export keyword at time of template definition for 2nd option.

export template <class T>
void updateParamValue( const std::string& name, T val ) {}

But I am not sure that all compiler supports it.

意犹 2024-08-23 17:39:34

模板类的完整实现必须位于该模板类的标头中。 C++ 的 ANSI/ISO 标准允许使用 export 关键字将实现放入单独的编译单元中,但目前有任何编译器实际上支持此功能。

如需了解更多信息,请阅读这个。

The full implementation of a template class must be in that template class's header. The ANSI/ISO standards for C++ allow for a way to put the implementation in a separate compilation unit using the export keyword , but there are currently any compilers that actually support this.

For more information read this and this.

望她远 2024-08-23 17:39:34

您需要指定(cpp 文件即可)模板专业化。这意味着您需要导出模板参数的所有组合,您将使用:

template __declspec(dllexport) void updateParamValue<int>( const std::string& name, T val );
template __declspec(dllexport) void updateParamValue<short>( const std::string& name, T val );
......

我在 Visual Studio 2013 中使用它并且它有效。

You need to specify (cpp file is fine) template specialization. It means you need to export all combination of template arguments, you are going to use:

template __declspec(dllexport) void updateParamValue<int>( const std::string& name, T val );
template __declspec(dllexport) void updateParamValue<short>( const std::string& name, T val );
......

I use this in Visual Studio 2013 and it works.

静赏你的温柔 2024-08-23 17:39:34

以下是工作示例:

template<class T> TEST_API void foo(T)
{
    std::cout << "test";
}

template TEST_API void foo(int);
template TEST_API void foo(char);

文件 test.dll 的转储

文件类型:DLL

部分包含 test.dll 的以下导出

00000000 characteristics
4FDEF629 time date stamp Mon Jun 18 12:34:33 2012
    0.00 version
       1 ordinal base
       3 number of functions
       3 number of names

ordinal hint RVA      name

      1    0 00001032 ??$foo@D@@YAXD@Z = @ILT+45(??$foo@D@@YAXD@Z)
      2    1 00001014 ??$foo@H@@YAXH@Z = @ILT+15(??$foo@H@@YAXH@Z)

Here is the working example:

template<class T> TEST_API void foo(T)
{
    std::cout << "test";
}

template TEST_API void foo(int);
template TEST_API void foo(char);

Dump of file test.dll

File Type: DLL

Section contains the following exports for test.dll

00000000 characteristics
4FDEF629 time date stamp Mon Jun 18 12:34:33 2012
    0.00 version
       1 ordinal base
       3 number of functions
       3 number of names

ordinal hint RVA      name

      1    0 00001032 ??$foo@D@@YAXD@Z = @ILT+45(??$foo@D@@YAXD@Z)
      2    1 00001014 ??$foo@H@@YAXH@Z = @ILT+15(??$foo@H@@YAXH@Z)
~没有更多了~
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