Dynamic_cast 返回 NULL 但它不应该返回

发布于 2024-08-16 15:11:43 字数 2695 浏览 10 评论 0原文

我有以下类层次结构:

class IStorage {
    [...]
}
Q_DECLARE_INTERFACE(IStorage, "ch.gorrion.smssender.IStorage/1.0")


class ISQLiteStorage: public IStorage { 
    Q_INTERFACES(IStorage)

    [...] 
}
Q_DECLARE_INTERFACE(ISQLiteStorage, "ch.gorrion.smssender.ISQLiteStorage/1.0")


class DASQLiteStorage: public QObject, public ISQLiteStorage {
    Q_OBJECT
    Q_INTERFACES(ISQLiteStorage)

    [...]
}

我正在使用 QT,并尝试使用 QtPlugin 创建一个插件(为我的应用程序)。 我正在创建 DASQLiteStorage 的一个实例,并将该实例赋予插件中的一个对象:

// the next line is within my main app.
// storage is the DASQLiteStorage instance.
// gateway is an object from within the plugin.
gateway->setDefaultStorage(storage);

// this method lies within the plugin
void AbstractGateway::setDefaultStorage(IStorage* storage) {
    defaultStorage_ = dynamic_cast<ISQLiteStorage*>(storage);
}

问题是,在我的主应用程序中执行dynamic_cast 时,dynamic_cast 返回一个空指针(不是预期的)(即在“gateway->setDefaultStorage(storage);”之前)给了我有效的指针(预期)。

有谁知道为什么会发生这种情况?该程序是否在与插件不同的内存范围中运行?这会导致这样的问题吗?有什么想法如何解决这个问题吗?

多谢!


编辑: 我尝试了一些建议:

// this method lies within the plugin
void AbstractGateway::setDefaultStorage(IStorage* storage) {
    ISQLiteStorage* s = dynamic_cast<ISQLiteStorage*>(storage);
    s = static_cast<ISQLiteStorage*>(storage);
    s = qobject_cast<ISQLiteStorage*>((QObject*)storage);

    defaultStorage_ = s;
}

在该方法的第一行中, s 等于 NULL,在第二行中 s 包含正确的指针,在第三行中包含另一个指针。为什么这些指针不相等?
为什么尽管我现在正在使用,dynamic_cast 仍然无法工作:

pluginLoader()->setLoadHints(QLibrary::ResolveAllSymbolsHint | QLibrary::ExportExternalSymbolsHint);




编辑2: 我注意到,我在代码中进一步得到的分段错误也与此有关。我有以下构造:

// The following classes are defined within the main app.
class ILoginAccount: public IAccount [...]

class AbstractAccountStroageOfficer {
public:
    AbstractAccountStroageOfficer(IAccount* account)[...]
}


// These classes are defined within my plugin and are created from within the plugin.
class BCAccount: public ILoginAccount {
public:
    BCAccount()
      : ILoginAccount(new DAAccountStorageOfficer(this))
    {};
}

class DAAccountStorageOfficer: public AbstractAccountStorageOfficer {
public:
    DAAccountStorageOfficer(ILoginAccount* account)
      : AbstractAccountStorageOfficer(account) // This line raises a segfault.
    {
        IAccount* a = account; // This line raises a segfault as well.
        a = dynamic_cast<IAccount*>(account); // This as well.
        a = static_cast<IAccount*>(account); // This as well.
    }
}

这些分段错误不应该发生,不是吗?但他们为什么这么做呢?

I'm having the following class hierarchy:

class IStorage {
    [...]
}
Q_DECLARE_INTERFACE(IStorage, "ch.gorrion.smssender.IStorage/1.0")


class ISQLiteStorage: public IStorage { 
    Q_INTERFACES(IStorage)

    [...] 
}
Q_DECLARE_INTERFACE(ISQLiteStorage, "ch.gorrion.smssender.ISQLiteStorage/1.0")


class DASQLiteStorage: public QObject, public ISQLiteStorage {
    Q_OBJECT
    Q_INTERFACES(ISQLiteStorage)

    [...]
}

I'm using QT and am trying to create a plugin (for my app) with QtPlugin.
I'm creating an instance of DASQLiteStorage and I give this instance to an object FROM WITHIN the plugin:

// the next line is within my main app.
// storage is the DASQLiteStorage instance.
// gateway is an object from within the plugin.
gateway->setDefaultStorage(storage);

// this method lies within the plugin
void AbstractGateway::setDefaultStorage(IStorage* storage) {
    defaultStorage_ = dynamic_cast<ISQLiteStorage*>(storage);
}

The problem is, that the dynamic_cast is returning me a null-pointer (not expected), while doing the dynamic_cast within my main app (i.e. before "gateway->setDefaultStorage(storage);") gives me the valid pointer (expected).

Does anyone know why this could happen? Is the program operating in a different memory range as the plugin? Could this lead to such problems? Any ideas how to fix this?

Thanks a lot!

EDIT:
I've tried out some suggestions:

// this method lies within the plugin
void AbstractGateway::setDefaultStorage(IStorage* storage) {
    ISQLiteStorage* s = dynamic_cast<ISQLiteStorage*>(storage);
    s = static_cast<ISQLiteStorage*>(storage);
    s = qobject_cast<ISQLiteStorage*>((QObject*)storage);

    defaultStorage_ = s;
}

In the first line of the method, s equals NULL, in the second s contains the correct pointer and in the third an other pointer. Why aren't these pointers equal?
And why could the dynamic_cast be still not working although I'm using now:

pluginLoader()->setLoadHints(QLibrary::ResolveAllSymbolsHint | QLibrary::ExportExternalSymbolsHint);

EDIT2:
I noticed, that the segmentation fault I get a little further in the code is also related to this. I have the following construct:

// The following classes are defined within the main app.
class ILoginAccount: public IAccount [...]

class AbstractAccountStroageOfficer {
public:
    AbstractAccountStroageOfficer(IAccount* account)[...]
}


// These classes are defined within my plugin and are created from within the plugin.
class BCAccount: public ILoginAccount {
public:
    BCAccount()
      : ILoginAccount(new DAAccountStorageOfficer(this))
    {};
}

class DAAccountStorageOfficer: public AbstractAccountStorageOfficer {
public:
    DAAccountStorageOfficer(ILoginAccount* account)
      : AbstractAccountStorageOfficer(account) // This line raises a segfault.
    {
        IAccount* a = account; // This line raises a segfault as well.
        a = dynamic_cast<IAccount*>(account); // This as well.
        a = static_cast<IAccount*>(account); // This as well.
    }
}

These segmentation faults should not occur, should they? But why do they?

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小霸王臭丫头 2024-08-23 15:11:43

基本上,RTTI 在跨模块边界时是不可靠的。不同的编译器在这里有不同的行为;您必须研究您的编译器/版本在这种情况下的行为。当然,如果您的主应用程序和插件有不同的编译器/版本,那么它显然没有机会工作。

使用 static_cast 作为解决方法。

Basically, RTTI is unreliable across module boundaries. Different compilers have different behaviors here; you'll have to research how your compiler/version acts in this case. Of course, if you have a different compiler/version for the main app and plugin, it clearly has no chance of working.

Use static_cast as a work around.

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