动态创建没有命名空间的类

Question

我正在尝试使用 eval 方法动态创建一个类。除了一个小问题外，它运行良好。正如我的代码所示，我正在 BrowserFactory 类中创建 Browser 类。当我这样做时，Browser 类添加了一个 BrowserFactory 命名空间。无论如何，是否可以在不附加 BrowserFactory 命名空间的情况下从字符串评估 Browser 类？

class BrowserFactory
  def self.create_browser(browser)
    super_class = nil
    case browser
    when 'IE'
      require 'watir'
      super_class = 'Watir::IE'
    when 'celerity'
      require 'celerity'
      super_class = 'Celerity::Browser'
    end

    raise StandardError.new("Browser '#{browser}' is not currentlys supported") if super_class.nil?

    eval <<EOS
class Browser < #{super_class}
include Singleton
include BrowserModification
end
EOS

    return Browser.instance
  end

end

Answer 1

定义浏览器（或 ::Browser，直接回答您的问题）将阻止您多次调用工厂。

我建议使用匿名类。不需要 eval，顺便说一句，如果您愿意，您可以定义类方法 to_s：

class BrowserFactory
  def self.create_browser(browser)
    super_class = case browser
    when 'IE'
      require 'watir'
      Watir::IE
    when 'celerity'
      require 'celerity'
      Celerity::Browser
    else
      raise StandardError.new("Browser '#{browser}' is not currentlys supported")
    end

    klass = Class.new(super_class) do
      include Singleton
      include BrowserModification
      def self.to_s
        "Modified#{superclass}"
      end
    end
    klass.instance
  end
end

Answer 2

更改

class Browser < #{super_class}

为

class ::Browser < #{super_class}

Answer 3

def BrowserFactory(browser)
  case browser
  when 'IE'
    require 'watir'
    Watir::IE
  when 'celerity'
    require 'celerity'
    Celerity::Browser
  else
    raise ArgumentError, "Browser '#{browser}' is not currently supported"
  end.new.extend(BrowserModification)
end

这是一个小测试套件：

module Watir; class IE; def to_s; 'IE' end end end
module Celerity; class Browser; def to_s; 'Celerity' end end end

module BrowserModification; def to_s; "Modified#{super}" end end

require 'test/unit'
class TestBrowserFactory < Test::Unit::TestCase
  def test_that_celerity_responds_as_modified_celerity
    assert_equal 'ModifiedCelerity', BrowserFactory('celerity').to_s
  end
  def test_that_internet_explorer_responds_as_modified_internet_explorer
    assert_equal 'ModifiedIE', BrowserFactory('IE').to_s
  end
  def test_that_an_invalid_browser_raises_an_exception
    assert_raise ArgumentError do BrowserFactory('xyz') end
  end
end