如何只为一个特定的函数和类声明友元函数？

Question

我的代码有什么问题吗？

我尝试在 GNU G++ 环境中编译以下代码，但出现以下错误：

friend2.cpp:30: error: invalid use of incomplete type ‘struct two’
friend2.cpp:5: error: forward declaration of ‘struct two’
friend2.cpp: In member function ‘int two::accessboth(one)’:
friend2.cpp:24: error: ‘int one::data1’ is private
friend2.cpp:55: error: within this context

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class two;

class one
{
    private:
        int data1;
    public:
        one()
        {
            data1 = 100;
        }

        friend int two::accessboth(one a);
};

class two
{
    private:
        int data2;

    public:
        two()
        {
            data2 = 200;
        }

        int accessboth(one a);
};

int two::accessboth(one a)
{
    return (a.data1 + (*this).data2);
}

int main()
{
    one a;
    two b;
    cout << b.accessboth(a);
    return 0;
}

Answer 1

成员函数必须首先在其类中声明（而不是在友元声明中）。这必定意味着在友元声明之前，您应该定义它的类 - 仅仅前向声明是不够的。

class one;

class two
 {
    private:
  int data2;
    public:
  two()
  {
    data2 = 200;
  }
 // this goes fine, because the function is not yet defined. 
 int accessboth(one a);
 };

class one
 {
     private:
  int data1;
    public:
  one()
  {
    data1 = 100;
  }
    friend int two::accessboth(one a);
 };

 // don't forget "inline" if the definition is in a header. 
 inline int two::accessboth(one a) {
  return (a.data1 + (*this).data2);
 }