这个语法允许范围嵌套吗?
我只能在全局范围内创建函数。范围嵌套意味着能够在函数内创建函数,对吗?我无法用这个语法做到这一点。是否可以?
/* C-Minus BNF Grammar */
%token ELSE
%token IF
%token INT
%token RETURN
%token VOID
%token WHILE
%token ID
%token NUM
%token LTE
%token GTE
%token EQUAL
%token NOTEQUAL
%%
program : declaration_list ;
declaration_list : declaration_list declaration | declaration ;
declaration : var_declaration | fun_declaration ;
var_declaration : type_specifier ID ';'
| type_specifier ID '[' NUM ']' ';' ;
type_specifier : INT | VOID ;
fun_declaration : type_specifier ID '(' params ')' compound_stmt ;
params : param_list | VOID ;
param_list : param_list ',' param
| param ;
param : type_specifier ID | type_specifier ID '[' ']' ;
compound_stmt : '{' local_declarations statement_list '}' ;
local_declarations : local_declarations var_declaration
| /* empty */ ;
statement_list : statement_list statement
| /* empty */ ;
statement : expression_stmt
| compound_stmt
| selection_stmt
| iteration_stmt
| return_stmt ;
expression_stmt : expression ';'
| ';' ;
selection_stmt : IF '(' expression ')' statement
| IF '(' expression ')' statement ELSE statement ;
iteration_stmt : WHILE '(' expression ')' statement ;
return_stmt : RETURN ';' | RETURN expression ';' ;
expression : var '=' expression | simple_expression ;
var : ID | ID '[' expression ']' ;
simple_expression : additive_expression relop additive_expression
| additive_expression ;
relop : LTE | '<' | '>' | GTE | EQUAL | NOTEQUAL ;
additive_expression : additive_expression addop term | term ;
addop : '+' | '-' ;
term : term mulop factor | factor ;
mulop : '*' | '/' ;
factor : '(' expression ')' | var | call | NUM ;
call : ID '(' args ')' ;
args : arg_list | /* empty */ ;
arg_list : arg_list ',' expression | expression ;
I'm only able to make functions inside the global scope. Scope nesting means being able make functions within functions, right? I'm not able to do that with this grammar. Is it possible?
/* C-Minus BNF Grammar */
%token ELSE
%token IF
%token INT
%token RETURN
%token VOID
%token WHILE
%token ID
%token NUM
%token LTE
%token GTE
%token EQUAL
%token NOTEQUAL
%%
program : declaration_list ;
declaration_list : declaration_list declaration | declaration ;
declaration : var_declaration | fun_declaration ;
var_declaration : type_specifier ID ';'
| type_specifier ID '[' NUM ']' ';' ;
type_specifier : INT | VOID ;
fun_declaration : type_specifier ID '(' params ')' compound_stmt ;
params : param_list | VOID ;
param_list : param_list ',' param
| param ;
param : type_specifier ID | type_specifier ID '[' ']' ;
compound_stmt : '{' local_declarations statement_list '}' ;
local_declarations : local_declarations var_declaration
| /* empty */ ;
statement_list : statement_list statement
| /* empty */ ;
statement : expression_stmt
| compound_stmt
| selection_stmt
| iteration_stmt
| return_stmt ;
expression_stmt : expression ';'
| ';' ;
selection_stmt : IF '(' expression ')' statement
| IF '(' expression ')' statement ELSE statement ;
iteration_stmt : WHILE '(' expression ')' statement ;
return_stmt : RETURN ';' | RETURN expression ';' ;
expression : var '=' expression | simple_expression ;
var : ID | ID '[' expression ']' ;
simple_expression : additive_expression relop additive_expression
| additive_expression ;
relop : LTE | '<' | '>' | GTE | EQUAL | NOTEQUAL ;
additive_expression : additive_expression addop term | term ;
addop : '+' | '-' ;
term : term mulop factor | factor ;
mulop : '*' | '/' ;
factor : '(' expression ')' | var | call | NUM ;
call : ID '(' args ')' ;
args : arg_list | /* empty */ ;
arg_list : arg_list ',' expression | expression ;
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实际上,语法并不意味着范围。从语义上处理符号的方式决定了范围。
话虽如此,在这个语法中可能存在全局范围和由复合语句引入的范围。在全局范围内,您可以声明变量和函数。在复合语句作用域中,只能声明变量。
如果要支持嵌套函数,请更改语法以允许在复合语句中声明函数。
Actually, a grammar doesn't imply a scope. It is how you deal with symbols semantically that determines scope.
Having said that, in this grammar there could be a global scope and a scope introduced by a compound statement. In the global scope you can declare variables and functions. In the compound statement scope, you can only declare variables.
If you want to support nested functions, change the grammar to allow function declarations within compound statements.