在向量中引起push_back;对看似简单的操作进行分段故障
我正在为 Project Euler 编写一个程序,将 2^1000 的所有数字相加。到目前为止,我已经能够在程序达到大约 5 位数字时跟踪程序分段错误,并尝试将 1 推入函数进位()中第 61 行的向量上。
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class MegaNumber
{
vector<int> data; //carries an array of numbers under ten, would be char but for simplicity's sake
void multiplyAssign(int operand, int index); //the recursive function called by the *= operator
void carry(int index);//if one of the data entries becomes more than ten call this function
public:
void printNumber(); //does what it says on the can
void operator*=(MegaNumber operand);
void operator*=(int operand);
void operator+=(int operand);
MegaNumber(string);
unsigned long int AddAllDigits();//returns the value of all of the digits summed
};
MegaNumber::MegaNumber(string operand)
{
for(int i= operand.size()-1; i>=0;i--) //run it into the memory smallest digit first
{
data.push_back(operand[i]-48); //converts a text char to an int
}
}
void MegaNumber::printNumber()
{
int temp = data.size();
for(unsigned int i=(temp); i>0;--i)
{
cout << (int)data[i-1];
}
}
void MegaNumber::operator*=(int operand)
{
if(operand > 9)
{
cout << "function does not yet deal with large ints than 9";
}
else multiplyAssign(operand, 0);
}
void MegaNumber::multiplyAssign(int operand, int index)
{
data[index] *=operand;
if(index<data.size()) multiplyAssign(operand, index+1);
if(data[index] > 9) carry(index);
}
void MegaNumber::carry(int index)
{
int temp = (data[index] / 10); //calculate the amount to carry
if(data.size()==index+1)
{
data.push_back(temp);//if there is no upper digit push it onto the stack
}
else
{
data[index+1]+=temp; //else add it to the next digit
if(data[index+1]>9) carry(index+1); //rinse and repeat
}
data[index]-=temp*10; //remove what's been carried
}
unsigned long int MegaNumber::AddAllDigits() //does what it says on the can
{
unsigned long int Dagger = 0;
for(int i=0; i<data.size();i++) Dagger+=data[i];
return Dagger;
}
int main()
{
MegaNumber A("2");
A.printNumber();
cout << "\n";
for(unsigned int i=0; i<20; i++) A*=2;
A.printNumber();
cout << "\n";
cout << A.AddAllDigits() << "\n";
cout << "Hello world!" << endl;
return 0;
}
可能是什么原因造成的?
I'm working on a program for Project Euler to add all the digits of 2^1000. So far I've been able to track the program segmentation faults when it reaches around 5 digits and tries to push a one onto the vector at line 61 in the function carry().
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class MegaNumber
{
vector<int> data; //carries an array of numbers under ten, would be char but for simplicity's sake
void multiplyAssign(int operand, int index); //the recursive function called by the *= operator
void carry(int index);//if one of the data entries becomes more than ten call this function
public:
void printNumber(); //does what it says on the can
void operator*=(MegaNumber operand);
void operator*=(int operand);
void operator+=(int operand);
MegaNumber(string);
unsigned long int AddAllDigits();//returns the value of all of the digits summed
};
MegaNumber::MegaNumber(string operand)
{
for(int i= operand.size()-1; i>=0;i--) //run it into the memory smallest digit first
{
data.push_back(operand[i]-48); //converts a text char to an int
}
}
void MegaNumber::printNumber()
{
int temp = data.size();
for(unsigned int i=(temp); i>0;--i)
{
cout << (int)data[i-1];
}
}
void MegaNumber::operator*=(int operand)
{
if(operand > 9)
{
cout << "function does not yet deal with large ints than 9";
}
else multiplyAssign(operand, 0);
}
void MegaNumber::multiplyAssign(int operand, int index)
{
data[index] *=operand;
if(index<data.size()) multiplyAssign(operand, index+1);
if(data[index] > 9) carry(index);
}
void MegaNumber::carry(int index)
{
int temp = (data[index] / 10); //calculate the amount to carry
if(data.size()==index+1)
{
data.push_back(temp);//if there is no upper digit push it onto the stack
}
else
{
data[index+1]+=temp; //else add it to the next digit
if(data[index+1]>9) carry(index+1); //rinse and repeat
}
data[index]-=temp*10; //remove what's been carried
}
unsigned long int MegaNumber::AddAllDigits() //does what it says on the can
{
unsigned long int Dagger = 0;
for(int i=0; i<data.size();i++) Dagger+=data[i];
return Dagger;
}
int main()
{
MegaNumber A("2");
A.printNumber();
cout << "\n";
for(unsigned int i=0; i<20; i++) A*=2;
A.printNumber();
cout << "\n";
cout << A.AddAllDigits() << "\n";
cout << "Hello world!" << endl;
return 0;
}
What may be causing this?
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评论(3)
您可以在
multiplyAssign
中使用 data[index],然后再检查它是否是有效索引:同时使用
'0'
而不是48
。这更容易、更清晰并且更不易出现错误。You use data[index] before checking if it's a valid index, in
multiplyAssign
:Also use
'0'
instead of48
. This is easier, clearer, and less bug-prone.index
是从 0 开始的,而data.size()
是从 1 开始的,也就是说,data.size()
返回的数字 1 大于最大的有效索引
。所以看起来你的意图是
那么它就有效了。
PS 将你的代码分成几行,任何维护你的代码的人都会为此感谢你:
index
is 0 based, whiledata.size()
is 1 based so to say, meaningdata.size()
returns number 1 greater than the largest validindex
.So looks like you intention was
Then it works.
P.S. break your code into lines, whoever has to maintain your code will thank you for that:
我认为问题可能出在这里:
data[index+1]+=temp;
如果
index
参数 eq 则该元素不能存在。到数据
的大小。所以,我的建议是:
I think the problem could be here:
data[index+1]+=temp;
This element could not be exist if
index
parameter eq. to size ofdata
.So, my recommendations:
std::vector