为什么微软不想阻止 Mono 和 Moonlight？
微软非常有兴趣阻止跨平台软件的发生。 Windows和Linux之间的不兼容是人们没有大量迁移到Linux的主要原因。 Mono 和 Moonlight 项目都在试图消除这个障碍。
正因为如此，我想知道在 Mono 或 Moonlight 平台上开始开发是否风险不是很大，因为微软可能会阻止这些跨平台的努力。
Microsoft has all interest in preventing cross-platform software to happen. The incompatibility between Windows and Linux is the main reason why people don't migrate to Linux in large numbers. Both the Mono and Moonlight projects are trying to eliminate exactly this obstacle.
Because of this, I wonder whether it isn't very risky to start developing on the Mono or Moonlight platforms, as Microsoft is likely to thwart these cross-platform efforts.
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您的怀疑可能是基于微软过去的行为（例如鲍尔默的“Linux 是一种癌症”），但该公司似乎正在转向对开源更加宽容、甚至拥抱的立场。
这方面的一个迹象是 Codeplex 基金会的成立，用于推广与 Microsoft 技术相关的开源项目。其中一位董事会成员是 Miguel de Icaza，他是单声道项目。
Your suspicions may be founded on past actions of Microsoft, (e.g. "Linux is a cancer" line from Ballmer), but it appears that the company is shifting to a more tolerant, even embracing, position with regard to open source.
One indication of this is the establishment of the Codeplex foundation for promoting open source projects related to Microsoft technology. One of the board of directors is Miguel de Icaza, the originator of the Mono project.
我完全不科学的观点是，像 Ruby on Rails 这样的开源项目给微软带来了很大的压力，这些项目非常受欢迎，并转移了微软的注意力。 ASP.NET MVC 是对 Ruby on Rails 的直接响应，并且它是完全开源的。
换句话说，如果你不能打败他们……
微软将从与开源社区的合作中获得很多好处。使 C# 和 CLR 成为开放标准最终可以确保他们的代码可以在任何地方运行，并帮助他们实现统治世界的愿景。 :)
My entirely unscientific view is that a lot of pressure is placed on Microsoft by open source projects like Ruby on Rails, which gain a lot of popularity and divert attention from Microsoft. ASP.NET MVC is a direct response to Ruby on Rails, and it is completely open source.
In other words, if you can't beat 'em...
Microsoft stands to gain a lot from being perceived as cooperative with the open-source community. Making C# and the CLR an open standard ultimately insures that their code will run anywhere, and helps them achieve their vision of world domination. :)
其中有博弈论方面的因素在起作用。如果我担心锁定，而 Microsoft 似乎试图确保所有 .NET 采用者的锁定，那么我就不会采用 .NET；我不会采用 .NET。 Microsoft 希望我采用 .NET（凭借其优秀的技术团队和积累的专业知识，可以合理地假设他们将始终在其平台上拥有 .NET 的大多数最佳实现方面，因此 .NET 的用户更喜欢与非用户相比，他们更可能需要 Microsoft 的解决方案，例如 Windows Server、Azure 等）——因此，对于 Microsoft 来说，重要的是要让人们知道他们不是在阻碍 Mono，而是在帮助它解决问题（这对于 SilverLight 和 MoonLight 来说更为重要，它们正在与 Adobe、开源等市场领先的产品争夺非 HTML-RIA 空间）。而MSFT要达到这样的表象，最简单、最扎实的方法就是让无阻碍成为现实，而不仅仅是一个骗局。
因此，采用 .NET（通过开源实现）的风险是： (a) 微软会错误估计其战略，并吓跑未来的采用者； (b) 该平台变得如此占主导地位，以至于 MSFT 的最佳策略转向将人们锁定（他们不再担心会吓跑人们，因为他们再次完全拥有占主导地位的计算平台）。当然，这两种情况都有可能发生（如果你相信 [a] 会发生，你应该做空 MSFT 股票 - 如果你相信 [b]，你应该做多同样的股票；-），但我认为这两种情况都不太可能发生。例如，在智能手机新兴计算领域的平台争夺战中，主要参与者似乎主要是苹果和安卓，RIM 和诺基亚也是其他重要参与者，而微软目前正在努力保持在该领域的相关性和发展势头。当然，这种情况可能会改变，此时微软“拥有计算平台”的前景显得遥不可及（考虑到智能手机作为计算平台的一部分日益重要）。
但是，正如他们所说：你付钱，你做出选择！-)
There are game-theoretical aspects at play. If I fear lock-in and Microsoft appears like it's try to ensure lock-in from all .NET adopters, I won't adopt .NET; Microsoft wants me to adopt .NET (with their excellent technical team on it and their accumulated know-how it's reasonable to assume that they'll always have most of the best implementation aspects of it on their platform, so users of .NET are more likely than non-users to want Microsoft solutions such as Windows Server, Azure, etc) -- so it's important for Microsoft to make it appear that they're not hindering Mono, but rather helping it out (that's even more important for SilverLight and MoonLight, which are fighting for the non-HTML-RIA space against the market leading offerings from Adobe, opensource and otherwise). And the simplest and most solid way for MSFT to achieve such appearance is to make non-hindrance a reality, not just a sham.
So the risks to adopting .NET (via the open source implementations) are: (a) Microsoft will miscalculate its strategy, and frighten future adopters off; or (b) the platform becomes so dominant that MSFT's optimal strategy shifts to locking people in (they don't fear frightening people away any more, because they totally own the dominant computing platform once again). Both are of course possibilities (and if you believe [a] will happen you should short MSFT stock -- if you believe [b], you should go long on the same;-) but neither strikes me as incredibly likely. For example, the momentum players in the platform battle in the emerging computing segment of smart phones seems to be mostly Apple and Android, with RIM and Nokia as other important players, and MSFT currently struggling to keep relevance and momentum in the segment -- while that may of course change, at this time the prospects of MSFT "owning computing platforms" appear remote (given the growing importance of smart phones as a segment of computing platforms).
But, as they say: you pays your money, you takes your choices!-)
微软需要减缓开发者放弃其他平台的速度。为此，他们需要鼓励 Mono，这样开发人员就不会感到被 Windows 困住了。
Microsoft needs to slow the abandonment of developers to other platforms. To do that, they need to encourage Mono so that developers don't feel stuck on Windows.
我认为微软不能再公然参与反垄断活动，例如试图压制竞争技术。最近，他们经常因此受到指责，甚至差点被对企业非常友好的美国政府瓦解。他们还向其他一些政府缴纳了数十亿美元的罚款。任何进一步的反垄断活动不仅是犯罪行为，而且是愚蠢的。 IMO 月光不会受到 MS 的挑战。
i don't think that MS can any longer afford to blatantly take part in antitrust activities such as trying to suppress competing technologies. They have been accused of that too often in the recent past and have been very close to being broken up by even the very corporation-friendly US government. They've also paid billions in fines to a number of other governments. Any further antitrust activity would not only be criminal but stupid. IMO Moonlight won't get challenged by MS.
我认为这是一个糟糕的问题，因为它太简单化了。问题以“微软非常有兴趣阻止跨平台软件的发生”开始。这是非常简单地看待问题，以这种方式看待问题的公司最终会消亡。
这样看：随着 iPhone 的 Mono 成为现实，现在人们正在编写 C# 代码以在 freekin iPhone 上运行。还有什么选择呢？与iPhone平台无关？你会选择哪个？
不，如果有的话，MS 已经看到了曙光。他们现在意识到，如果他们想保持相关性，就必须与他人相处融洽。我看到他们试图跨平台友好，但有点不确定如何继续。 Igor de Icaza 很可能是 MS 跨平台工作中最重要的人物。
I think this is a bad question in the sense that it is too simplistic. The question opens with "Microsoft has all interest in preventing cross-platform software to happen." That is looking at the issue very simplistically, and companies that see things this way eventually die out.
Look at it this way: With Mono for the iPhone being a reality, now people are writing C# code to run on the freekin iPhone. What's the alternative? Being irrelevant to the iPhone platform? Which would you choose?
No, if anything, MS has seen the light. They now realize that they have to play well with others if they want to stay relevant. I see them trying to be cross-platform friendly, but a little unsure as to how to proceed. Igor de Icaza may well be the single most important person in MS' cross-platform efforts.
微软用户不想迁移到 Linux 的主要原因是因为它是一个陌生的领域。我怀疑更多的跨平台软件功能除了有利于当前的 Linux 用户之外，还能起到什么重要作用。
哦，请记住，大多数 Microsoft 用户只是普通的计算机爱好者，根本不知道 Linux 是什么。
The main reason Microsoft users don't want to migrate to Linux is because it's unfamiliar territory. I doubt more cross-platform software capabilities is going to do anything significant, besides benefit current Linux users.
Oh, and remember that most Microsoft users are just casual computer folk, and have no clue what Linux even is.
我意识到这是一个老问题，但两年后（2011 年），答案非常明显：即 Mono 和 Moonlight 使 MS 能够访问嵌入式平台上的操作系统，例如 Android。如果W7手机的市场份额仍然如此有限，那么微软要想在嵌入式设备领域占有一席之地，唯一的途径就是通过软件。为此，他们的软件必须在非微软系统上运行。
所有这一切都表明，微软已经对风向有所了解，或者至少在两面下注，所以它一直在支持 Mono 和 Moonlight。再加上最近宣布 Windows 8 的 UI 将基于 HTML5/CSS3 构建，MS 明确认为，在后 PC（或 PC+）时代尝试将所有产品束缚于特定操作系统可能是一个弱点，而不是比一种力量。
Mono 团队显然将当前形势视为机遇，因为他们最近从 Novell 中分离出来，成立了自己的公司 Xamarin。因此，看起来 Mono/Moonlight 将会继续存在，因此可以成为开发人员相对有信心的开发目标。
I realize this is an old question, but two years later (2011), the answer is pretty obvious: namely, Mono and Moonlight give MS access to OS's on embedded platforms, eg Android. If W7 phone continues to have such a limited market share, the only way for MS to have a presence in embedded devices is via software. To do that, their software must run on non-MS systems.
All of that is to say, MS has had some inkling of which way the wind is blowing or is at least hedging its bets, so it's been supporting Mono and Moonlight. Coupled with the recent announcement that Windows 8's UI will be built on HTML5/CSS3, MS has clearly decided that trying to shackle all of your products to specific OS in a post-PC (or PC-plus) era can be a weakness, rather than a strength.
The team at Mono clearly sees the current situation as an opportunity, as they recently spun off from Novell and have started their own company, Xamarin. So it looks like Mono/Moonlight are here to stay and can thus be targets for development with relative confidence from developers.