高级 grep Unix
通常 grep 命令用于显示包含指定模式的行。有没有办法显示包含指定模式的行之前和之后的n行?
这可以使用 awk 来实现吗?
Usually grep command is used to display the line contaning the specified pattern. Is there any way to display n lines before and after the line which contains the specified pattern?
Can this will be achieved using awk?
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是的,用于
在匹配之前包含 num1 行上下文,在匹配之后包含 num2 行上下文。
编辑:
似乎OP正在使用AIX。它有一组不同的选项,其中不包括 -B 和 -A
此链接 描述了 AIX 4.3 上的 grep(它看起来不太有希望)
Matt 的 perl 脚本可能是更好的解决方案。
Yes, use
to include num1 lines of context before the match, and num2 lines of context after the match.
EDIT:
Seems the OP is using AIX. This has a different set of options which doesn't include -B and -A
this link describes grep on AIX 4.3 (it doesn't look promising)
Matt's perl script might be a better solution.
这是我在 AIX 上通常做的事情:
如果您不需要额外的 2 个变量,您可以随时使用一行:
假设我有一个模式“stack”,文件名是 flow.txt
我想要前面 2 行,后面 3 行。命令将类似于:
我想要之前且仅 2 行 - 命令将类似于:
我想要且仅之后 3 行 - 命令将类似于:
多个文件 - 将其更改为 Awk & 。 grep。从上面的模式“stack”来看,文件名为 flow.* - 前面 2 行,后面 3 行。该命令将类似于:
Here is what I usually do on AIX:
If you do not want the extra 2 varialbles you can always use it an a one line:
Suppose I have a pattern 'stack' and the filename is flow.txt
I want 2 lines before and 3 lines after. The the command will be like:
I want 2 lines before and only - the the command will be like:
I want 3 lines after and only - the the command will be like:
Multiple Files - change it for Awk & grep. From above for the pattern 'stack' with the filename is flow.* - 2 lines before and 3 lines after. The the command will be like:
从标签来看,该系统可能有一个不支持提供上下文的 grep(Solaris 是一个不支持提供上下文的系统,我不记得 AIX 了)。如果是这种情况,有一个 Perl 脚本可能会有所帮助 http://www.sun.com/bigadmin/jsp/descFile.jsp?url=descAll/cgrep__context_grep。
From the tags, it's likely that the system has a grep that may not support providing context (Solaris is one system that doesn't and I can't remember about AIX). If that is the case, there's a perl script that may help at http://www.sun.com/bigadmin/jsp/descFile.jsp?url=descAll/cgrep__context_grep.
如果你有 sed,你可以使用这个 shell 脚本,
它的作用是,grep -n 在每个匹配项前面加上它所在的行作为前缀,sed 会删除除它所在的行之外的所有内容。然后,您使用 head 将行获取到找到它的行以及附加的 $AFTER 行。然后通过管道传输到 tail 以获取 $BEFORE + $AFTER + 1 行(即,您的匹配行加上之前和之后的行数)
If you have sed you could use this shell script
What it does is, grep -n prefixes each match with the line it was found at, the sed strips all but the line it was found at. Then you use head to get the lines up to the line it was found on plus an additional $AFTER lines. That's then piped to tail to just get $BEFORE + $AFTER + 1 lines (that is, your matching line plus the number of lines before and after)
当然有(来自 grep 手册页):
如果您希望匹配之前和之后的行数相同,请使用:
Sure there is (from the grep man page):
and if you want the same amount of lines before AND after the match, use:
你可以使用 awk
输出
you can use awk
output