方案如何返回多个值?

发布于 2024-08-08 04:16:30 字数 855 浏览 5 评论 0原文

我注意到几乎所有方案函数只能返回一个列表作为输出。

下面,我想返回邻居的所有相邻节点的多个值。

 (define (neighbors l w)
   (if (and (= 1 l) (= 1 w))
     (list (and (l (+ 1 w))) (and (+ 1 l) w)))) ; how to output 2 or more values?

在这种情况下,我首先测试节点是否位于角点,如果是,则返回 2 个坐标值,其中 (l 和 w+1)、(l+1 和 w) 基本上如果我位于 (1,1 ) 返回 (1,2) 和 (2,1)

当节点在边缘附近只有 1 个邻居时同样适用,在这种情况下我将有 3 个值。

当附近没有边缘时,我将有 4 个返回值。

我尝试使用 cons、append、list、display、write,但它们似乎都不能使用其他值。我需要将此作为这个问题的子功能。我应该如何实现它,以便我可以传递返回值并递归地使用它来返回所有相邻节点?

编辑:我找到了答案:使用关键字“values”返回多个值。例子:

(define (store l w)
  (values (write l)
          (write w)
          (newline)
          (list (+ 1 w) l)
          (list w (+ 1 l))))

I notice that almost all scheme functions can only return one list as output.

In the following, I would like to return multiple values of all the adjacent nodes of neighbors.

 (define (neighbors l w)
   (if (and (= 1 l) (= 1 w))
     (list (and (l (+ 1 w))) (and (+ 1 l) w)))) ; how to output 2 or more values?

In this case I'm first testing if the node is at corner, if so, return 2 values of the coordinates where (l and w+1), (l+1 and w) basically if I'm at (1,1) return me (1,2) and (2,1)

Same applies when the node has only 1 neighbor near the edge, in this case I will have 3 values.

When no edge is nearby I will have 4 return values.

I tried to use cons, append, list, display, write none of them seems working with additional values. I need this as a sub-function of this question. How should I implement it so I could pass on the return value and use it recursively to return me all the adjacent nodes?

Edit: I found the answer: use the keyword "values" to return multiple values. Example:

(define (store l w)
  (values (write l)
          (write w)
          (newline)
          (list (+ 1 w) l)
          (list w (+ 1 l))))

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评论(3

陌上芳菲 2024-08-15 04:16:30

值、连续传递样式和列表至少是三种返回多个值的方式:

(import (rnrs))


; let-values + values
(define (foo1)
  (values 1 2 3))

(let-values (((a b c) (foo1)))
  (display (list a b c))
  (newline))

; cps
(define (foo2 k)
  (k 1 2 3))

(foo2 (lambda (a b c) 
        (display (list a b c))
        (newline)))

; list
(define (foo3)
  (list 1 2 3))
(let ((result (foo3)))
  (display result)
  (newline))

values, continuation passing style, and list are at least three ways of returning multiple values:

(import (rnrs))


; let-values + values
(define (foo1)
  (values 1 2 3))

(let-values (((a b c) (foo1)))
  (display (list a b c))
  (newline))

; cps
(define (foo2 k)
  (k 1 2 3))

(foo2 (lambda (a b c) 
        (display (list a b c))
        (newline)))

; list
(define (foo3)
  (list 1 2 3))
(let ((result (foo3)))
  (display result)
  (newline))
遮云壑 2024-08-15 04:16:30

Scheme 的 Guile 实现有一个 receive 语法,据说它比 values“方便得多”。不过,我还没有使用过它,但这可能很有用:

http://www.gnu.org/software/guile/manual/html_node/Multiple-Values.html

The Guile implementation of Scheme has a receive syntax, which it says is "much more convenient" than values. I haven't used it yet, however, but this may be useful:

http://www.gnu.org/software/guile/manual/html_node/Multiple-Values.html

爱你不解释 2024-08-15 04:16:30

您可以在 cons 单元格中返回一对值:

(define (foo)
  (cons 'a 5))

(let* ((r (foo))
       (x (car r))
       (y (cdr r)))
  (display x) (display y) (newline))

您也可以将其概括为在列表中返回多个值。

You can return a pair of values in a cons cell:

(define (foo)
  (cons 'a 5))

(let* ((r (foo))
       (x (car r))
       (y (cdr r)))
  (display x) (display y) (newline))

You can generalise this to return multiple values in a list, too.

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