Android:如何与本地服务通信和交换对象?

发布于 2024-08-07 03:11:57 字数 1811 浏览 8 评论 0原文

到目前为止,我已经有一门简单的本地服务课程。我想要做的是从我的应用程序中的不同活动向此本地服务发送请求。根据这些请求的参数,服务将通过 HttpClient 连接到 Web 服务器并接收 JSONObject 并将其返回给活动。所有 HTTP 通信都已在我的活动中运行,但我现在希望它在本地服务的单独线程中运行

到目前为止,我非常简单的本地服务的源代码如下所示:

// BackgroundService.java
package com.test.localservice;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;
public class BackgroundService extends Service
{
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        Log.i("BackgroundService", "onCreate()");
        Thread thr = new Thread(null, new RunThread(), "BackgroundService");
        thr.start();
    }
    class RunThread implements Runnable
    {
        public void run() {
            Log.i("BackgroundService", "run()");

            /* Here the HTTP JSON communication is going to happen */

            //BackgroundService.this.stopSelf();
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void onDestroy()
    {
        Log.i("BackgroundService", "onDestroy()");
        super.onDestroy();
    }

    @Override
    public void onStart(Intent intent, int startId) {
        Log.i("BackgroundService", "onStart()");
        super.onStart(intent, startId);
    }
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        Log.i("BackgroundService", "onBind()");
        return null;
    }

}

我现在面临的问题(由于缺乏知识)是通信部分 Activities <-->本地服务。我使用 AIDL(Android 界面定义语言)。然而,我不确定我是否必须走这条路。我只是想交换我自己定义的对象,或者如果这是不可能的,那么只是一个 JSONObject,或者如果它使事情变得更容易,即使只是简单的字符串数组也可以工作(目前)。

有人可以指出我正确的方向吗?如果可能的话,请给出一个与本地服务进行对象交换(双向)的简单示例。

提前致谢。

So far I've a class for a simple local service. What I want to do is to send requests to this local service from different activies in my application. Depending on the parameters of these requests the service will connect via HttpClient to a webserver and receive a JSONObject and return it to the activity. All the HTTP communication is already working within my activity, but I'd like it to run in a separate thread in my local service now.

The source code of my very simple local service looks like this so far:

// BackgroundService.java
package com.test.localservice;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;
public class BackgroundService extends Service
{
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        Log.i("BackgroundService", "onCreate()");
        Thread thr = new Thread(null, new RunThread(), "BackgroundService");
        thr.start();
    }
    class RunThread implements Runnable
    {
        public void run() {
            Log.i("BackgroundService", "run()");

            /* Here the HTTP JSON communication is going to happen */

            //BackgroundService.this.stopSelf();
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void onDestroy()
    {
        Log.i("BackgroundService", "onDestroy()");
        super.onDestroy();
    }

    @Override
    public void onStart(Intent intent, int startId) {
        Log.i("BackgroundService", "onStart()");
        super.onStart(intent, startId);
    }
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        Log.i("BackgroundService", "onBind()");
        return null;
    }

}

The problem I'm facing now (due to a lack of knowledge) is the communication part Activities <--> Local Service. I found some communication and object exchange examples for a Remote Service using AIDL (Android Interface Definiton Language). However, I'm not sure if I've to go this path. I would simply like to exchange either my own defined objects or if that is not possible then just a JSONObject or if it makes things much easier even just simple String Arrays would work (for now).

Can someone please point me in the right direction and if possible give a simple example of an Object exchange (both ways) with a local service.

Thanks in advance.

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梦在夏天 2024-08-14 03:11:57

我建议在这种情况下使用 AsyncTask 而不是您自己的线程。

要为 Activity 提供对 BackgroundService 对象的引用,您的选择是:

  1. 使用单例(即,使您的 BackgroundService 对象可从静态上下文中使用,例如公共静态数据成员,在 onDestroy() 中清空该静态引用)。

  2. 按照 LocalServiceBinding API 示例返回一个 IBinder,它仅提供对 BackgroundService 对象的访问权限。

从那里开始,所有内容都在同一个 JVM 中,因此您可以只传递对象。但要小心,不要保留超过组件生命周期的任何内容(例如,Activity 不应缓存单例)。

I'd suggest using an AsyncTask instead of your own thread in this scenario.

To give an activity a reference to your BackgroundService object, your options are:

  1. Use a singleton (i.e., make your BackgroundService object available from a static context, such as a public static data member, nulling out that static reference in onDestroy()).

  2. Follow the LocalServiceBinding API sample to return an IBinder that simply gives access to the BackgroundService object.

From there, everything is in the same JVM, so you can just pass objects around. Be careful, though, not to hold onto anything past the component lifetime (e.g., Activity should not cache the singleton).

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