Spring / JTA / JPA 单元测试：回滚不起作用

Question

我正在尝试使用 Spring 测试实体 EJB3。

EJB 本身不使用 Spring，我希望尽量减少生产 JPA 配置的重复（例如，不重复 persistence.xml）。

我的单元测试似乎有效，但即使我的单元测试应该是事务性的，数据也会在各种测试方法之间保留...

这是我的实体：

package sample;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity
public class Ejb3Entity {

    public Ejb3Entity(String data) {
        super();
        this.data = data;
    }
    private Long id;
    private String data;

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getData() {
        return data;
    }
    public void setData(String data) {
        this.data = data;
    }

}

我的单元测试：

package sample;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"/appContext.xml"})
@Transactional
public class Ejb3EntityTest {

    @PersistenceContext
    EntityManager em;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        Ejb3Entity one = new Ejb3Entity("Test data");
        em.persist(one);
    }

    @Test
    public void test1() throws Exception {

        Long count = (Long) em.createQuery("select count(*) from Ejb3Entity").getSingleResult();
        assertEquals(Long.valueOf(1l), count);
    }

    @Test
    public void test2() throws Exception {

        Long count = (Long) em.createQuery("select count(*) from Ejb3Entity").getSingleResult();
        assertEquals(Long.valueOf(1l), count);
    }

}

和我的appContext.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <bean id="jotm" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JotmFactoryBean" />

    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager">
        <property name="userTransaction" ref="jotm" />
        <property name="allowCustomIsolationLevels" value="true" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.enhydra.jdbc.standard.StandardXADataSource">
        <property name="driverName" value="org.h2.Driver" />
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:h2:mem:unittest;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1" />
        <property name="user" value="" />
        <property name="password" value="" />
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="jotm" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="emf"
        class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        <property name="persistenceUnitPostProcessors">
            <bean class="sample.JtaDataSourcePersistenceUnitPostProcessor">
                <property name="jtaDataSource" ref="dataSource" />
            </bean>
        </property>
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
                <property name="showSql" value="false" />
                <property name="generateDdl" value="true" />
                <property name="database" value="H2" />
                <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect" />
            </bean>
        </property>
        <property name="jpaPropertyMap">
            <map>
                <entry key="hibernate.transaction.manager_lookup_class"
                    value="org.hibernate.transaction.JOTMTransactionManagerLookup" />
                <entry key="hibernate.transaction.auto_close_session" value="false" />
                <entry key="hibernate.current_session_context_class" value="jta" />
            </map>
        </property>

    </bean>


</beans>

当我运行测试时，test2 失败因为它找到了 2 个实体，而我只期望一个实体（因为第一个实体应该已回滚...）

我尝试了很多不同的配置，而这个似乎是我能得到的最全面的...我没有其他的想法。你 ？

Answer 1

编辑：（抱歉，我写这一段的时候似乎只是半醒。当然你是对的，默认情况下一切都应该回滚。）

你可以检查事务管理器到底在做什么，例如通过为其启用调试输出。

假设 log4j：

log4j.logger.org.springframework.transaction=DEBUG

事务管理器为您提供有关创建和连接事务以及提交和回滚的非常好的日志输出。这应该可以帮助您找出哪些内容不适用于您的设置。

Answer 2

添加@Rollback注释（来自org.springframework.test.annotation），就在Spring文档中提到的@Transactional注释之后。

@Rollback is a test annotation that is used to indicate whether a test-
managed transaction should be rolled back after the test method has 
completed. 
Consult the class-level Javadoc for 
org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTest-
ExecutionListener for an explanation of test-managed transactions. 

When declared as a class-level annotation, @Rollback defines the default 
rollback semantics for all test methods within the test class hierarchy. When 
declared as a method-level annotation, @Rollback defines rollback semantics 
for the specific test method, potentially overriding class-level default 
commit or rollback semantics. 

As of Spring Framework 4.2, @Commit can be used as direct replacement for 
@Rollback(false). 

Warning: Declaring @Commit and @Rollback on the same test method or on the 
same test class is unsupported and may lead to unpredictable results. 

This annotation may be used as a meta-annotation to create custom composed 
annotations. Consult the source code for @Commit for a concrete example.

Answer 3

当我尝试集成 JOTM 和 Hibernate 时，我最终不得不编写 ConnectionProvider 的实现代码。这是现在的样子： http://pastebin.com/f78c66e9c

然后您将实现指定为hibernate 属性和事务中的连接提供者神奇地开始工作。

问题是默认连接提供程序在数据源上调用 getConnection()。在您自己的实现中，您调用 getXAConnection().getConnection()。这就是不同之处

Answer 4

我设法使用 Bitronix 而不是 JOTM 使其工作。 Bitronix 提供了 LrcXADataSource，允许非 XA 数据库参与 JTA 事务。

我认为问题在于 H2 不兼容 XA，而 enHydra StandardXADataSource 并没有神奇地做到这一点（我也结束了使用 HSQLDB，但这与问题无关）。

这是我有效的 spring 上下文：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config />
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

    <!--  Bitronix Transaction Manager embedded configuration -->
    <bean id="btmConfig" factory-method="getConfiguration"
        class="bitronix.tm.TransactionManagerServices">
        <property name="serverId" value="spring-btm" />
        <property name="journal" value="null" />
    </bean>

    <!-- create BTM transaction manager -->
    <bean id="BitronixTransactionManager" factory-method="getTransactionManager"
        class="bitronix.tm.TransactionManagerServices" depends-on="btmConfig,dataSource"
        destroy-method="shutdown" />

    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager">
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="BitronixTransactionManager" />
        <property name="userTransaction" ref="BitronixTransactionManager" />
        <property name="allowCustomIsolationLevels" value="true" />
    </bean>


    <!-- DataSource definition -->

    <bean id="dataSource" class="bitronix.tm.resource.jdbc.PoolingDataSource"
        init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="className" value="bitronix.tm.resource.jdbc.lrc.LrcXADataSource" />
        <property name="uniqueName" value="unittestdb" />
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="1" />
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="3" />
        <property name="allowLocalTransactions" value="true" />
        <property name="driverProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="driverClassName">org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver</prop>
                <prop key="url">jdbc:hsqldb:mem:unittestdb</prop>
                <prop key="user">sa</prop>
                <prop key="password"></prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- Entity Manager Factory -->
    <bean id="emf"
        class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
                <property name="showSql" value="true" />
                <property name="generateDdl" value="true" />
                <property name="database" value="HSQL" />
            </bean>
        </property>
        <property name="jpaPropertyMap">
            <map>
                <entry key="hibernate.transaction.manager_lookup_class"
                    value="org.hibernate.transaction.BTMTransactionManagerLookup" />
                <entry key="hibernate.transaction.auto_close_session" value="false" />
                <entry key="hibernate.current_session_context_class" value="jta" />
            </map>
        </property>

    </bean>