比较两个 xml 并使用 LINQ 打印差异

Question

我正在比较两个 xml，并且必须打印差异。我怎样才能使用 LINQ 来实现这一点。 我知道我可以使用 Microsoft 的 XML diff 补丁，但我更喜欢使用 LINQ 。如果您有任何其他想法，我将实现

//First Xml

<Books>
 <book>  
  <id="20504" image="C01" name="C# in Depth">
 </book>  
 <book> 
  <id="20505" image="C02" name="ASP.NET">
 </book> 
 <book> 
  <id="20506" image="C03" name="LINQ in Action ">
 </book> 
 <book> 
  <id="20507" image="C04" name="Architecting Applications">
 </book> 
</Books>

//Second Xml

<Books>
  <book> 
    <id="20504" image="C011" name="C# in Depth">
  </book>
  <book> 
    <id="20505" image="C02" name="ASP.NET 2.0">
  </book>
  <book> 
    <id="20506" image="C03" name="LINQ in Action ">
  </book>
  <book> 
    <id="20508" image="C04" name="Architecting Applications">
  </book>
</Books>

我想比较这两个 xml 并像这样打印结果。

Issued       Issue Type             IssueInFirst    IssueInSecond

1            image is different      C01              C011
2            name  is different      ASP.NET          ASP.NET 2.0
3            id  is different        20507            20508

Answer 1

解决方案如下：

//sanitised xmls:
string s1 = @"<Books>
                 <book id='20504' image='C01' name='C# in Depth'/>
                 <book id='20505' image='C02' name='ASP.NET'/>
                 <book id='20506' image='C03' name='LINQ in Action '/>
                 <book id='20507' image='C04' name='Architecting Applications'/>
                </Books>";
string s2 = @"<Books>
                  <book id='20504' image='C011' name='C# in Depth'/>
                  <book id='20505' image='C02' name='ASP.NET 2.0'/>
                  <book id='20506' image='C03' name='LINQ in Action '/>
                  <book id='20508' image='C04' name='Architecting Applications'/>
                </Books>";

XDocument xml1 = XDocument.Parse(s1);
XDocument xml2 = XDocument.Parse(s2);

//get cartesian product (i think)
var result1 =   from xmlBooks1 in xml1.Descendants("book")
                from xmlBooks2 in xml2.Descendants("book")
                select new { 
                            book1 = new {
                                        id=xmlBooks1.Attribute("id").Value,
                                        image=xmlBooks1.Attribute("image").Value,
                                        name=xmlBooks1.Attribute("name").Value
                                      }, 
                            book2 = new {
                                        id=xmlBooks2.Attribute("id").Value,
                                        image=xmlBooks2.Attribute("image").Value,
                                        name=xmlBooks2.Attribute("name").Value
                                      } 
                             };

//get every record that has at least one attribute the same, but not all
var result2 = from i in result1
                 where (i.book1.id == i.book2.id 
                        || i.book1.image == i.book2.image 
                        || i.book1.name == i.book2.name) &&
                        !(i.book1.id == i.book2.id 
                        && i.book1.image == i.book2.image 
                        && i.book1.name == i.book2.name) 
                 select i;



foreach (var aa in result2)
{
    //you do the output :D
}

两个 linq 语句可能可以合并，但我将其作为练习留给您。

Answer 2

为了好玩，提供了grega g阅读问题的通用解决方案。为了说明我对这种方法的反对，我为“PowerShell in Action”引入了一个“正确”条目。

string s1 = @"<Books>
     <book id='20504' image='C01' name='C# in Depth'/>
     <book id='20505' image='C02' name='ASP.NET'/>
     <book id='20506' image='C03' name='LINQ in Action '/>
     <book id='20507' image='C04' name='Architecting Applications'/>
     <book id='20508' image='C05' name='PowerShell in Action'/>
    </Books>";
string s2 = @"<Books>
     <book id='20504' image='C011' name='C# in Depth'/>
     <book id='20505' image='C02' name='ASP.NET 2.0'/>
     <book id='20506' image='C03' name='LINQ in Action '/>
     <book id='20508' image='C04' name='Architecting Applications'/>
     <book id='20508' image='C05' name='PowerShell in Action'/>
    </Books>";

XDocument xml1 = XDocument.Parse(s1);
XDocument xml2 = XDocument.Parse(s2);

var res = from b1 in xml1.Descendants("book")
          from b2 in xml2.Descendants("book")
          let issues = from a1 in b1.Attributes()
                       join a2 in b2.Attributes()
                         on a1.Name equals a2.Name
                       select new
                       {
                           Name = a1.Name,
                           Value1 = a1.Value,
                           Value2 = a2.Value
                       }
          where issues.Any(i => i.Value1 == i.Value2)
          from issue in issues
          where issue.Value1 != issue.Value2
          select issue;

其报告如下：

{ Name = image, Value1 = C01, Value2 = C011 }
{ Name = name, Value1 = ASP.NET, Value2 = ASP.NET 2.0 }
{ Name = id, Value1 = 20507, Value2 = 20508 }
{ Name = image, Value1 = C05, Value2 = C04 }
{ Name = name, Value1 = PowerShell in Action, Value2 = Architecting Applications }

请注意，最后两个条目是 20508 拼写错误与其他正确的 20508 条目之间的“冲突”。

Answer 3

这里您想要的操作是一个 Zip 操作，用于将两个书籍序列中的相应元素配对。该运算符正在 在 .NET 4.0 中添加，但我们可以通过使用 Select 来获取书籍索引并加入它来伪造它：

var res = from b1 in xml1.Descendants("book")
                         .Select((b, i) => new { b, i })
          join b2 in xml2.Descendants("book")
                         .Select((b, i) => new { b, i })
            on b1.i equals b2.i

然后我们将使用第二个连接按名称比较属性值。请注意，这是一个内部联接；如果您确实想包含其中一个或另一个缺少的属性，您将需要做更多的工作。

          select new
          {
              Row = b1.i,
              Diff = from a1 in b1.b.Attributes()
                     join a2 in b2.b.Attributes()
                       on a1.Name equals a2.Name
                     where a1.Value != a2.Value
                     select new
                     {
                         Name = a1.Name,
                         Value1 = a1.Value,
                         Value2 = a2.Value
                     }
          };

结果将是一个嵌套集合：

foreach (var b in res)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Row {0}: ", b.Row);
    foreach (var d in b.Diff)
        Console.WriteLine(d);
}

或者获取每本书的多行：

var report = from r in res
             from d in r.Diff
             select new { r.Row, Diff = d };

foreach (var d in report)
    Console.WriteLine(d);

报告以下内容：

{ Row = 0, Diff = { Name = image, Value1 = C01, Value2 = C011 } }
{ Row = 1, Diff = { Name = name, Value1 = ASP.NET, Value2 = ASP.NET 2.0 } }
{ Row = 3, Diff = { Name = id, Value1 = 20507, Value2 = 20508 } }