ASP.NET MVC 表单身份验证 +授权属性+简单的角色

Question

我正在尝试向 ASP.NET MVC 应用程序添加简单身份验证和授权。

我只是想在基本表单身份验证中添加一些附加功能（由于简单性和自定义数据库结构）

假设这是我的数据库结构： 用户： 用户名 密码 角色（最好是一些枚举。如果需要的话可以是字符串。目前，用户只有一个角色，但这可能会改变）

高级问题： 鉴于上述数据库结构，我希望能够执行以下操作：

• 使用表单身份验证进行简单登录 用
• 以下内容装饰我的操作： [Authorize(Roles={ MyRoles.Admin, MyRoles.Member})]
• 在我的视图中使用角色（以确定在某些部分中显示的链接）

目前，我真正确定的是如何进行身份验证。之后我就迷路了。我不确定在哪一点获取用户角色（登录、每次授权？）。由于我的角色可能不是字符串，因此我不确定它们如何与 User.IsInRole() 配合。

现在，我在这里问是因为我还没有找到一个“简单”的方法来完成我所需要的。我见过很多例子。

对于身份验证：

• 我们有简单的用户验证来检查数据库和“SetAuthCookie”
• ，或者我们覆盖会员提供程序并在 ValidateUser 内部执行此操作 在这两种情况下，我不确定如何添加我的简单用户角色，以便它们可以使用： HttpContext.Current.User.IsInRole("管理员") 此外，我不确定如何修改它以适应我的枚举值。

对于授权，我已经看到：

• 派生 AuthorizeAttribute 并实现 AuthorizeCore 或 OnAuthorization 来处理角色？
• 实施IPrincipal？

任何帮助将不胜感激。然而，我担心我可能需要很多细节，因为我在谷歌上搜索的内容似乎都不适合我需要做的事情。

Answer 1

我想我已经实现了类似的东西。
我的解决方案基于 NerdDinner 教程，如下。

当您登录用户时，添加如下代码：

var authTicket = new FormsAuthenticationTicket(
    1,                             // version
    userName,                      // user name
    DateTime.Now,                  // created
    DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(20),   // expires
    rememberMe,                    // persistent?
    "Moderator;Admin"                        // can be used to store roles
    );

string encryptedTicket = FormsAuthentication.Encrypt(authTicket);

var authCookie = new HttpCookie(FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName, encryptedTicket);
System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Response.Cookies.Add(authCookie);

将以下代码添加到 Global.asax.cs：

protected void Application_AuthenticateRequest(Object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    HttpCookie authCookie = Context.Request.Cookies[FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName];
    if (authCookie == null || authCookie.Value == "")
        return;

    FormsAuthenticationTicket authTicket;
    try
    {
        authTicket = FormsAuthentication.Decrypt(authCookie.Value);
    }
    catch
    {
        return;
    }

    // retrieve roles from UserData
    string[] roles = authTicket.UserData.Split(';');

    if (Context.User != null)
        Context.User = new GenericPrincipal(Context.User.Identity, roles);
}

完成此操作后，您可以使用[授权]控制器操作代码中的 属性：

[Authorize(Roles="Admin")]
public ActionResult AdminIndex ()

如果您还有其他问题，请告诉我。

Answer 2

构建一个可以使用枚举而不是字符串的自定义 AuthorizeAttribute。当您需要授权时，通过附加枚举类型名称 + 枚举值将枚举转换为字符串，并使用其中的 IsInRole 。

要将角色添加到授权用户中，您需要附加到 HttpApplication AuthenticateRequest 事件，类似于 http://www.eggheadcafe.com/articles/20020906.asp （但将大量嵌套的 if 语句反转为保护子句！）。

您可以在表单身份验证 cookie 中往返用户角色或每次从数据库中获取它们。

Answer 3

我做了这样的事情：

• 使用 Global.asax.cs 加载要在会话、缓存或应用程序状态中比较的角色，或者在 ValidateUser 控制器上动态加载它们

将 [Authorize] 属性分配给您的控制器，您希望需要授权

 [Authorize(Roles = "Admin,Tech")]

或允许访问，例如 Login 和 ValidateUser 控制器使用以下属性

 [AllowAnonymous] 

我的登录表单

<form id="formLogin" name="formLogin" method="post" action="ValidateUser">
<table>
  <tr>
    <td>
       <label for="txtUserName">Username: (AD username) </label>
    </td>
    <td>
       <input id="txtUserName" name="txtUserName" role="textbox" type="text" />
    </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
     <td>
         <label for="txtPassword">Password: </label>
     </td>
     <td>
         <input id="txtPassword" name="txtPassword" role="textbox" type="password" />
     </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
      <td>
         <p>
           <input id="btnLogin" type="submit" value="LogIn" class="formbutton" />
        </p>
      </td>
  </tr>
</table>
       @Html.Raw("<span id='lblLoginError'>" + @errMessage + "</span>")
</form>

从表单发布

验证用户是否通过 WCF 服务进行身份验证，该服务根据服务本地的 Windows AD 上下文进行验证，但您可以将其更改为您自己的身份验证机制

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Security.Principal;
using MyMVCProject.Extensions;
namespace MyMVCProject.Controllers
{
public class SecurityController : Controller
{
    [AllowAnonymous]
    public ActionResult Login(string returnUrl)
    {
        Session["LoginReturnURL"] = returnUrl;
        Session["PageName"] = "Login";
        return View("Login");
    }
    [AllowAnonymous]
    public ActionResult ValidateUser()
    {
        Session["PageName"] = "Login";
        ViewResult retVal = null;
        string loginError = string.Empty;
        HttpContext.User = null;

        var adClient = HttpContext.Application.GetApplicationStateWCFServiceProxyBase.ServiceProxyBase<UserOperationsReference.IUserOperations>>("ADService").Channel;

        var username = Request.Form["txtUserName"];
        var password = Request.Form["txtPassword"];

        //check for ad domain name prefix
        if (username.Contains(@"\"))
          username = username.Split('\\')[1];

        //check for the existence of the account 
        var acctReq = new UserOperationsReference.DoesAccountExistRequest();
        acctReq.userName = username;
        //account existence result
        var accountExist = adClient.DoesAccountExist(acctReq);
        if (!accountExist.DoesAccountExistResult)
        {
            //no account; inform the user
            return View("Login", new object[] { "NO_ACCOUNT", accountExist.errorMessage });
        }
        //authenticate
        var authReq = new UserOperationsReference.AuthenticateRequest();
        authReq.userName = username;
        authReq.passWord = password;
        var authResponse = adClient.Authenticate(authReq);
        String verifiedRoles = string.Empty;
        //check to make sure the login was as success against the ad service endpoint
        if (authResponse.AuthenticateResult == UserOperationsReference.DirectoryServicesEnumsUserProperties.SUCCESS)
        {
            Dictionary<string, string[]> siteRoles = null;

            //get the role types and roles
            if (HttpContext.Application["UISiteRoles"] != null)
                siteRoles = HttpContext.Application.GetApplicationState<Dictionary<string, string[]>>("UISiteRoles");

            string groupResponseError = string.Empty;
            if (siteRoles != null && siteRoles.Count > 0)
            {
                //get the user roles from the AD service
                var groupsReq = new UserOperationsReference.GetUsersGroupsRequest();
                groupsReq.userName = username;
                //execute the service method for getting the roles/groups
                var groupsResponse = adClient.GetUsersGroups(groupsReq);
                //retrieve the results
                if (groupsResponse != null)
                {
                    groupResponseError = groupsResponse.errorMessage;
                    var adRoles = groupsResponse.GetUsersGroupsResult;

                    if (adRoles != null)
                    {
                        //loop through the roles returned from the server
                        foreach (var adRole in adRoles)
                        {
                            //look for an admin role first
                            foreach (var roleName in siteRoles.Keys)
                            {
                                var roles = siteRoles[roleName].ToList();
                                foreach (var role in roles)
                                {
                                    if (adRole.Equals(role, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
                                    {
                                        //we found a role, stop looking
                                        verifiedRoles += roleName + ";";
                                        break;
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(verifiedRoles))
            {
                //no valid role we need to inform the user
                return View("Login", new object[] { "NO_ACCESS_ROLE", groupResponseError });
            }

            if (verifiedRoles.EndsWith(";"))
                verifiedRoles = verifiedRoles.Remove(verifiedRoles.Length - 1, 1);

            //all is authenticated not build the auth ticket
            var authTicket = new FormsAuthenticationTicket(
            1,                             // version
            username,                      // user name
            DateTime.Now,                  // created
            DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(20),  // expires
            true,                    // persistent?
           verifiedRoles   // can be used to store roles
            );

            //encrypt the ticket before adding it to the http response
            string encryptedTicket = FormsAuthentication.Encrypt(authTicket);

            var authCookie = new HttpCookie(FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName, encryptedTicket);
            Response.Cookies.Add(authCookie);

            Session["UserRoles"] = verifiedRoles.Split(';');

            //redirect to calling page
            Response.Redirect(Session["LoginReturnURL"].ToString());
        }
        else
        {
            retVal = View("Login", new object[] { authResponse.AuthenticateResult.ToString(), authResponse.errorMessage });
        }

        return retVal;
    }
}

}

用户现在已通过身份验证，创建新的身份

protected void FormsAuthentication_OnAuthenticate(Object sender,     FormsAuthenticationEventArgs e)
    {
        if (FormsAuthentication.CookiesSupported == true)
        {
            HttpCookie authCookie = Context.Request.Cookies[FormsAuthentication.FormsCookieName];
            if (authCookie == null || authCookie.Value == "")
                return;

            FormsAuthenticationTicket authTicket = null;
            try
            {
                authTicket = FormsAuthentication.Decrypt(authCookie.Value);
            }
            catch
            {
                return;
            }

            // retrieve roles from UserData
            if (authTicket.UserData == null)
                return;

            //get username from ticket
            string username = authTicket.Name;

            Context.User = new GenericPrincipal(
                      new System.Security.Principal.GenericIdentity(username, "MyCustomAuthTypeName"), authTicket.UserData.Split(';'));
        }
    }

在我的网站 _Layout.cshtml 顶部，我有类似这样的内容

 {
  bool authedUser = false;
  if (User != null && User.Identity.AuthenticationType == "MyCustomAuthTypeName" && User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)
   {
      authedUser = true;
   }
 }

然后在正文中

        @{
         if (authedUser)
          {
            <span id="loggedIn_userName">
                <label>User Logged In: </label>@User.Identity.Name.ToUpper()
            </span>
          }
          else
          {
            <span id="loggedIn_userName_none">

                <label>No User Logged In</label>
            </span>
          }
        }

Answer 4

将您的用户添加到“角色中的用户”表中。在代码中使用存储过程“addusertorole”（类似的东西）来添加各种角色。您可以在“角色”表中非常简单地创建角色。

要使用的表：User、UsersInRole、Roles

使用内置存储过程来操作这些表。然后您所要做的就是添加该属性。

例如，您可以在视图上拥有“Admin”属性，用于选择用户并将其添加到角色。您可以使用存储过程将该用户添加到角色中。

Answer 5

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Security;
using SISWEBBSI.Models.Model;
using SISWEBBSI.Models.Model.Entities;
using SISWEBBSI.Models.ViewModel;

namespace SISWEBBSI.Controllers.ActionFilter
{
    [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class | AttributeTargets.Method, Inherited = true, AllowMultiple = false)]
    public sealed class RequerAutorizacao : ActionFilterAttribute
    {
        public Grupo.Papeis[] Papeis = {} ;
        public string ViewName { get; set; }
        public ViewDataDictionary ViewDataDictionary { get; set; }
        public AcessoNegadoViewModel AcessoNegadoViewModel { get; set; }

        public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext FilterContext)
        {
            if (!FilterContext.HttpContext.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)
            {
                string UrlSucesso = FilterContext.HttpContext.Request.Url.AbsolutePath;
                string UrlRedirecionar = string.Format("?ReturnUrl={0}", UrlSucesso);
                string UrlLogin = FormsAuthentication.LoginUrl + UrlRedirecionar;
                FilterContext.HttpContext.Response.Redirect(UrlLogin, true);
            }
            else
            {
                if (Papeis.Length > 0)
                {
                    //Papel ADMINISTRADOR sempre terá acesso quando alguma restrição de papeis for colocada.
                    int NovoTamanho = Papeis.Count() + 1;
                    Array.Resize(ref Papeis, NovoTamanho);
                    Papeis[NovoTamanho - 1] = Grupo.Papeis.ADMINISTRADOR;
                    UsuarioModel Model = new UsuarioModel();
                    if (!Model.UsuarioExecutaPapel(FilterContext.HttpContext.User.Identity.Name, Papeis))
                    {
                        ViewName = "AcessoNegado";
                        String Mensagem = "Você não possui privilégios suficientes para essa operação. Você deve estar nos grupos que possuem";
                        if(Papeis.Length == 1)
                        {
                            Mensagem = Mensagem + " o papel: <BR/>";
                        }
                        else if (Papeis.Length > 1)
                        {
                            Mensagem = Mensagem + " os papéis: <BR/>";
                        }

                        foreach (var papel in Papeis)
                        {
                            Mensagem = Mensagem + papel.ToString() + "<br/>";
                        }
                        AcessoNegadoViewModel = new AcessoNegadoViewModel();
                        AcessoNegadoViewModel.Mensagem = Mensagem;
                        ViewDataDictionary = new ViewDataDictionary(AcessoNegadoViewModel);
                        FilterContext.Result = new ViewResult { ViewName = ViewName, ViewData = ViewDataDictionary };
                        return;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}