加载了错误的 Mac OS X 框架

发布于 2024-08-04 02:45:46 字数 907 浏览 3 评论 0原文

我使用自己的 Qt4 库编译了一个 Python 模块，该库位于 ~/opt/qt-4.6.0/ 中，但是当我尝试导入该模块时，加载的动态库来自我的 MacPorts Qt4 安装。

$ /opt/local/bin/python2.6
>>> import vtk
objc[58041]: Class QMacSoundDelegate is implemented in both /Users/luis/opt/qt-4.6.0/lib/QtGui.framework/Versions/4/QtGui and /opt/local/libexec/qt4-mac/lib/QtGui.framework/Versions/4/QtGui. Using implementation from /opt/local/libexec/qt4-mac/lib/QtGui.framework/Versions/4/QtGui.
objc[58045]: Class QCocoaColorPanelDelegate is implemented in both /Users/luis/opt/qt-4.6.0/lib/QtGui.framework/Versions/4/QtGui and /opt/local/libexec/qt4-mac/lib/QtGui.framework/Versions/4/QtGui. Using implementation from /opt/local/libexec/qt4-mac/lib/QtGui.framework/Versions/4/QtGui.
[... more output like above ...]
>>>

有没有办法告诉 Python（也从 MacPorts 安装）加载位于我的 ~/opt/qt-4.6.0/lib/ 目录中的框架？我不确定要更改哪些环境变量。

原文

I've compiled a Python module using my own Qt4 library located in ~/opt/qt-4.6.0/,
but when I try to import that module, the dynamic libraries that get loaded are from my MacPorts Qt4 installation.

$ /opt/local/bin/python2.6
>>> import vtk
objc[58041]: Class QMacSoundDelegate is implemented in both /Users/luis/opt/qt-4.6.0/lib/QtGui.framework/Versions/4/QtGui and /opt/local/libexec/qt4-mac/lib/QtGui.framework/Versions/4/QtGui. Using implementation from /opt/local/libexec/qt4-mac/lib/QtGui.framework/Versions/4/QtGui.
objc[58045]: Class QCocoaColorPanelDelegate is implemented in both /Users/luis/opt/qt-4.6.0/lib/QtGui.framework/Versions/4/QtGui and /opt/local/libexec/qt4-mac/lib/QtGui.framework/Versions/4/QtGui. Using implementation from /opt/local/libexec/qt4-mac/lib/QtGui.framework/Versions/4/QtGui.
[... more output like above ...]
>>>

Is there a way of telling Python (also installed from MacPorts) to load the frameworks located in my ~/opt/qt-4.6.0/lib/ directory? I'm not sure what environment variables to change.

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短叹 2024-08-11 02:45:46

好的，在 Barry Wark 向我指出 dyld(1) 后，手册页描述了许多我可以设置的变量。

第一个提示来自设置环境变量 DYLD_PRINT_LIBRARIES，这样我就可以看到正在加载哪些库。

$ DYLD_PRINT_LIBRARIES=1 python -c 'import vtk'
[... snip ...]
dyld: loaded: /opt/local/libexec/qt4-mac/lib/QtGui.framework/Versions/4/QtGui
dyld: loaded: /opt/local/lib/libpng12.0.dylib
dyld: loaded: /opt/local/libexec/qt4-mac/lib/QtSql.framework/Versions/4/QtSql
dyld: loaded: /opt/local/libexec/qt4-mac/lib/QtCore.framework/Versions/4/QtCore
[... snip ...]
dyld: loaded: /Users/luis/opt/qt-4.6.0/lib/QtGui.framework/Versions/4/QtGui
dyld: loaded: /Users/luis/opt/qt-4.6.0/lib/QtSql.framework/Versions/4/QtSql
dyld: loaded: /Users/luis/opt/qt-4.6.0/lib/QtCore.framework/Versions/4/QtCore
[... snip ...]
$

啊，所以 qt4-mac 的框架确实是先加载的，正如我们所怀疑的那样。重新阅读手册页，我们接下来可以尝试的是更改 DYLD_FRAMEWORK_PATH 以便它知道在哪里查找。我现在将此行添加到我的 ~/.bash_profile 的末尾

export DYLD_FRAMEWORK_PATH="${HOME}/opt/qt-4.6.0/lib:${DYLD_FRAMEWORK_PATH}"

，重新登录后，我们尝试再次导入 vtk python 模块：

$ python -c 'import vtk'
$

这次没有输出。问题已解决！

Ok, after Barry Wark pointed me to dyld(1), the man page described a number of variables that I could set.

The first hint came from setting the environment variable DYLD_PRINT_LIBRARIES, so I could see what libraries were being loaded.

$ DYLD_PRINT_LIBRARIES=1 python -c 'import vtk'
[... snip ...]
dyld: loaded: /opt/local/libexec/qt4-mac/lib/QtGui.framework/Versions/4/QtGui
dyld: loaded: /opt/local/lib/libpng12.0.dylib
dyld: loaded: /opt/local/libexec/qt4-mac/lib/QtSql.framework/Versions/4/QtSql
dyld: loaded: /opt/local/libexec/qt4-mac/lib/QtCore.framework/Versions/4/QtCore
[... snip ...]
dyld: loaded: /Users/luis/opt/qt-4.6.0/lib/QtGui.framework/Versions/4/QtGui
dyld: loaded: /Users/luis/opt/qt-4.6.0/lib/QtSql.framework/Versions/4/QtSql
dyld: loaded: /Users/luis/opt/qt-4.6.0/lib/QtCore.framework/Versions/4/QtCore
[... snip ...]
$

Ah, so the frameworks for qt4-mac were indeed being loaded first, just as we suspected. Rereading the man page, the next thing we can try is changing the DYLD_FRAMEWORK_PATH so that it knows where to look. I now added this line to the end of my ~/.bash_profile

export DYLD_FRAMEWORK_PATH="${HOME}/opt/qt-4.6.0/lib:${DYLD_FRAMEWORK_PATH}"

and after logging back in, we try importing the vtk python module again:

$ python -c 'import vtk'
$

There's no output this time. Issue fixed!

回复收藏 0 原文

走野 2024-08-11 02:45:46

在调用 python 之前，尝试设置 DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH 将您的库放在 MacPorts 库之前的 ~/opt/qt/... 中（看看 ~/如果您不知道，请参阅 .profile 示例了解如何执行此操作；MacPorts 会执行完全相同的操作将其库放在 DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH 上）。 dyld，OS X 动态链接器使用 DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH 在加载时查找库（以及其他方法）；请参阅 man dyld 了解更多信息。