使用 OLE DB 插入 BLOB

发布于 2024-08-03 08:30:56 字数 347 浏览 10 评论 0原文

我正在开发一个使用 OLE DB 和 SQL Server Native Client 访问 SQL Server DB 的应用程序。到目前为止,我只处理过相当简单的 SQL。为此,我一直在获取 ICommandText 并使用 SetCommandText。我现在想将一个大对象插入数据库。我看到 ICommandStream 存在,但似乎使用它需要我添加一个实现 IStream 的类,并适当地引用我的 BLOB(转义撇号等) 。当然有更简单的方法吗?

旁注:OLE DB 不是我的选择,现阶段我无法更改它。因此,更简单的方法“使用更高级别的东西”不可用。

I'm working on an app which is using OLE DB and SQL Server Native Client to access a SQL Server DB. To date, I've only been dealing with fairly simple SQL. For this, I've been obtaining an ICommandText and using SetCommandText. I now want to insert a large object into the database. I see that ICommandStream exists, but it seems like using this would require me to add a class that implements IStream and also to quote my BLOB appropriately (escaping apostrophes, etc.). Surely there's an easier way?

Side note: OLE DB wasn't my choice and I can't change it at this stage. So the easier way "use something higher-level" isn't available.

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甜`诱少女 2024-08-10 08:30:56

Blob 只是二进制数据,因此您需要使用某种形式的字节数组。

A blob is just binary data, so you'll need to use some form of byte array.

放血 2024-08-10 08:30:56

事实证明,有一个 Microsoft SQLNCli 团队博客上的回答

为了扩展这一点,这是我最终使用的代码。首先,您需要一个可供 SQL Server Native Client 读取的 ISequentialStream。我的数据在内存中,所以我可以用指向我的 BLOB 的指针来构造它,但是从其他地方获取数据很简单。它不是合同的一部分,但了解读取似乎以 1024 字节块的形式发生可能很有用。这是我的流类:

struct ISequentialStream;

class XYZSQLStream : public ISequentialStream
{
public:
    XYZSQLStream(LPBYTE data, __int64 ulLength);
    virtual ~XYZSQLStream();

    virtual BOOL Clear();
    virtual ULONG Length() { return m_cBufSize; };

    virtual operator void* const() { return m_pBuffer; };

    STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) AddRef(void);
    STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) Release(void);
    STDMETHODIMP QueryInterface(REFIID riid, LPVOID *ppv);

    STDMETHODIMP Read(void __RPC_FAR *pv, ULONG cb, ULONG __RPC_FAR *pcbRead);
    STDMETHODIMP Write(const void __RPC_FAR *pv, ULONG cb, ULONG __RPC_FAR *pcbWritten);

private:
    ULONG m_cRef;   // reference count
    void* m_pBuffer;   // buffer
    ULONG m_cBufSize;   // buffer size
    ULONG m_iPos;   // current index position in the buffer
};

这个的实现很简单:

XYZSQLStream::XYZSQLStream(LPBYTE data, ULONG ulLength)
{
    m_iPos = 0;
    m_cRef = 0;
    m_pBuffer = data;
    m_cBufSize = ulLength;

    AddRef();
}

XYZSQLStream::~XYZSQLStream()
{
    // Shouldn't have any references left
    if (m_cRef)
        throw L"Destroying SQLStream with references";
    delete[] m_pBuffer;
}

ULONG XYZSQLStream::AddRef()
{
    return ++m_cRef;
}

ULONG XYZSQLStream::Release()
{
    if (!m_cRef)
        throw L"Releasing referenceless SQLStream";
    if (--m_cRef)
        return m_cRef;

    delete this;
    return 0;
}

HRESULT XYZSQLStream::QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void** ppv)
{
    if (!ppv)
        return E_INVALIDARG;
    *ppv = NULL;

    if (riid == IID_IUnknown)
        *ppv = this;

    if (riid == IID_ISequentialStream)
        *ppv = this;

    if(*ppv) 
    {
        ((IUnknown*)*ppv)->AddRef();
        return S_OK;
    }

    return E_NOINTERFACE;
}

BOOL XYZSQLStream::Clear()
{
    m_iPos = 0;
    m_cBufSize = 0;

    m_pBuffer = NULL;

    return TRUE;
}

HRESULT XYZSQLStream::Read(void *pv, ULONG cb, ULONG* pcbRead)
{
    if (pcbRead)
        *pcbRead = 0;

    if (!pv)
        return STG_E_INVALIDPOINTER;

    if (cb == 0)
        return S_OK;

    ULONG cBytesLeft = m_cBufSize - m_iPos;
    ULONG cBytesRead = cb > cBytesLeft ? cBytesLeft : cb;

    //DEBUG(L"cb %d, left %d, read %d\n", cb, cBytesLeft, cBytesRead);

    if (cBytesLeft == 0)
        return S_FALSE; 

    // Copy to users buffer the number of bytes requested or remaining
    memcpy(pv, (void*)((BYTE*)m_pBuffer + m_iPos), cBytesRead);
    m_iPos += cBytesRead;

    if (pcbRead)
        *pcbRead = cBytesRead;

    if (cb != cBytesRead)
        return S_FALSE; 

    return S_OK;
}

HRESULT XYZSQLStream::Write(const void *pv, ULONG cb, ULONG* pcbWritten)
{
    // Parameter checking
    if (!pv)
        return STG_E_INVALIDPOINTER;

    if (pcbWritten)
        *pcbWritten = 0;

    if (cb == 0)
        return S_OK;

    // Enlarge the current buffer
    m_cBufSize += cb;

    // Need to append to the end of the stream
    m_pBuffer = CoTaskMemRealloc(m_pBuffer, m_cBufSize);
    memcpy((void*)((BYTE*)m_pBuffer + m_iPos), pv, cb);
    // m_iPos += cb;

    if (pcbWritten)
        *pcbWritten = cb;

    return S_OK;
}

使用 ICommandText,然后您可以在表上执行 SELECT。您实际上并不打算使用它检索任何数据,它只是获取IRowsetChange的一种方法。我为此有一个额外的 ExecuteCommand 方法。 pSQL 中传递的 SQL(类似于)SELECT x,y,z FROM TableWithBlobFAIL是一个自定义宏,记录问题并返回。

HRESULT XYZSQLCommand::ExecuteCommand(TCHAR* pSQL, IRowset** ppRowSet, IRowsetChange** ppRowSetChange)
{
    HRESULT hr;
    IRowsetChange* pIRowsetChange;
    IRowset* pIRowset;
    hr = m_pICommandText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DBSQL, pSQL);
    if (FAILED(hr))
        FAIL(hr);

    hr = m_pICommandText->Execute(NULL, IID_IRowsetChange, NULL, NULL, (IUnknown**)&pIRowsetChange);
    if (FAILED(hr))
        FAIL(hr);

    hr = pIRowsetChange->QueryInterface(IID_IRowset, (void**)&pIRowset);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        pIRowsetChange->Release();
        FAIL(hr);
    }

    *ppRowSet = pIRowset;
    *ppRowSetChange = pIRowsetChange;
    return S_OK;
}

我现在有一个针对相关表的 IRowset 和 IRowsetChange。然后,您可以像平常一样构造一个DBBINDING。我忽略了这一点 - 它与问题并不真正相关。相关位是:

static DBOBJECT streamObj = {STGM_READ, IID_ISequentialStream};
pDBBindings[nCol].pObject = &streamObj;
pDBBindings[nCol].wType = DBTYPE_IUNKNOWN;
pDBBindings[nCol].cbMaxLen = sizeof(ISequentialStream*);

当随后填充匹配的数据内存块时,您可以执行以下操作(对丑陋的转换感到抱歉):

XYZSQLStream *stream = new XYZSQLStream(data_to_write, length_of_data);
*((ISequentialStream**)(pbData+pDBBindings[x].obValue)) = stream;
*((DBLENGTH*)(pbData+pDBBindings[x].obLength)) = (DBLENGTH)length_of_data;
*((DBSTATUS*)(pbData+pDBBindings[x].obStatus)) = DBSTATUS_S_OK;

使用您的 IRowsetChange 获取一个 IAccessor 并绑定它:

IAccessor* pIAccessor;
HACCESSOR hAccessor;
DBBINDSTATUS* pDBBindStatus;

hr = pRowsetChange->QueryInterface(IID_IAccessor, (void**) &pIAccessor);
// Error handling elided

pDBBindStatus = new DBBINDSTATUS[ulCols];

//Associate the bindings with the data accessor for the rowset
hr = pIAccessor->CreateAccessor( DBACCESSOR_ROWDATA, ulCols, pDBBindings, 0, hAccessor, pDBBindStatus);
// Error handling, cleanup elided

最后,您可以插入行:

hr = pRowsetChange->InsertRow(NULL, hAccessor, pbData, NULL);

SQL Server Native Client 将从您的流中读取并插入行。现在跳圈已经完成了。删除了ReleaseAccessor、清理等。

It turns out, there's an answer on the Microsoft SQLNCli team blog.

To expand on this, here's the code I ended up using. First, you need an ISequentialStream for SQL Server Native Client to be reading from. I have my data in memory, so I could just construct this with a pointer to my BLOB, but it's trivial to go and get the data from elsewhere. It's not part of the contract, but it's perhaps useful to know that the reads seem to happen in 1024-byte chunks. Here's my stream class:

struct ISequentialStream;

class XYZSQLStream : public ISequentialStream
{
public:
    XYZSQLStream(LPBYTE data, __int64 ulLength);
    virtual ~XYZSQLStream();

    virtual BOOL Clear();
    virtual ULONG Length() { return m_cBufSize; };

    virtual operator void* const() { return m_pBuffer; };

    STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) AddRef(void);
    STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) Release(void);
    STDMETHODIMP QueryInterface(REFIID riid, LPVOID *ppv);

    STDMETHODIMP Read(void __RPC_FAR *pv, ULONG cb, ULONG __RPC_FAR *pcbRead);
    STDMETHODIMP Write(const void __RPC_FAR *pv, ULONG cb, ULONG __RPC_FAR *pcbWritten);

private:
    ULONG m_cRef;   // reference count
    void* m_pBuffer;   // buffer
    ULONG m_cBufSize;   // buffer size
    ULONG m_iPos;   // current index position in the buffer
};

The implementation of this is trivial:

XYZSQLStream::XYZSQLStream(LPBYTE data, ULONG ulLength)
{
    m_iPos = 0;
    m_cRef = 0;
    m_pBuffer = data;
    m_cBufSize = ulLength;

    AddRef();
}

XYZSQLStream::~XYZSQLStream()
{
    // Shouldn't have any references left
    if (m_cRef)
        throw L"Destroying SQLStream with references";
    delete[] m_pBuffer;
}

ULONG XYZSQLStream::AddRef()
{
    return ++m_cRef;
}

ULONG XYZSQLStream::Release()
{
    if (!m_cRef)
        throw L"Releasing referenceless SQLStream";
    if (--m_cRef)
        return m_cRef;

    delete this;
    return 0;
}

HRESULT XYZSQLStream::QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void** ppv)
{
    if (!ppv)
        return E_INVALIDARG;
    *ppv = NULL;

    if (riid == IID_IUnknown)
        *ppv = this;

    if (riid == IID_ISequentialStream)
        *ppv = this;

    if(*ppv) 
    {
        ((IUnknown*)*ppv)->AddRef();
        return S_OK;
    }

    return E_NOINTERFACE;
}

BOOL XYZSQLStream::Clear()
{
    m_iPos = 0;
    m_cBufSize = 0;

    m_pBuffer = NULL;

    return TRUE;
}

HRESULT XYZSQLStream::Read(void *pv, ULONG cb, ULONG* pcbRead)
{
    if (pcbRead)
        *pcbRead = 0;

    if (!pv)
        return STG_E_INVALIDPOINTER;

    if (cb == 0)
        return S_OK;

    ULONG cBytesLeft = m_cBufSize - m_iPos;
    ULONG cBytesRead = cb > cBytesLeft ? cBytesLeft : cb;

    //DEBUG(L"cb %d, left %d, read %d\n", cb, cBytesLeft, cBytesRead);

    if (cBytesLeft == 0)
        return S_FALSE; 

    // Copy to users buffer the number of bytes requested or remaining
    memcpy(pv, (void*)((BYTE*)m_pBuffer + m_iPos), cBytesRead);
    m_iPos += cBytesRead;

    if (pcbRead)
        *pcbRead = cBytesRead;

    if (cb != cBytesRead)
        return S_FALSE; 

    return S_OK;
}

HRESULT XYZSQLStream::Write(const void *pv, ULONG cb, ULONG* pcbWritten)
{
    // Parameter checking
    if (!pv)
        return STG_E_INVALIDPOINTER;

    if (pcbWritten)
        *pcbWritten = 0;

    if (cb == 0)
        return S_OK;

    // Enlarge the current buffer
    m_cBufSize += cb;

    // Need to append to the end of the stream
    m_pBuffer = CoTaskMemRealloc(m_pBuffer, m_cBufSize);
    memcpy((void*)((BYTE*)m_pBuffer + m_iPos), pv, cb);
    // m_iPos += cb;

    if (pcbWritten)
        *pcbWritten = cb;

    return S_OK;
}

Using an ICommandText, you can then execute a SELECT on the table. You're not actually going to retrieve any data using this, it's just a way of getting an IRowsetChange. I have an extra ExecuteCommand method for this. The SQL passed in pSQL is (similar to) SELECT x,y,z FROM TableWithBlob. FAIL is a custom macro that records the problem and returns.

HRESULT XYZSQLCommand::ExecuteCommand(TCHAR* pSQL, IRowset** ppRowSet, IRowsetChange** ppRowSetChange)
{
    HRESULT hr;
    IRowsetChange* pIRowsetChange;
    IRowset* pIRowset;
    hr = m_pICommandText->SetCommandText(DBGUID_DBSQL, pSQL);
    if (FAILED(hr))
        FAIL(hr);

    hr = m_pICommandText->Execute(NULL, IID_IRowsetChange, NULL, NULL, (IUnknown**)&pIRowsetChange);
    if (FAILED(hr))
        FAIL(hr);

    hr = pIRowsetChange->QueryInterface(IID_IRowset, (void**)&pIRowset);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        pIRowsetChange->Release();
        FAIL(hr);
    }

    *ppRowSet = pIRowset;
    *ppRowSetChange = pIRowsetChange;
    return S_OK;
}

I now have an IRowset and an IRowsetChange for the table in question. You then construct a DBBINDING as you normally would. I'm eliding this - it's not really relevant to the question. The relevant bit is:

static DBOBJECT streamObj = {STGM_READ, IID_ISequentialStream};
pDBBindings[nCol].pObject = &streamObj;
pDBBindings[nCol].wType = DBTYPE_IUNKNOWN;
pDBBindings[nCol].cbMaxLen = sizeof(ISequentialStream*);

When subsequently filling in the matching data memory block, you can then do this (sorry for the ugly casts):

XYZSQLStream *stream = new XYZSQLStream(data_to_write, length_of_data);
*((ISequentialStream**)(pbData+pDBBindings[x].obValue)) = stream;
*((DBLENGTH*)(pbData+pDBBindings[x].obLength)) = (DBLENGTH)length_of_data;
*((DBSTATUS*)(pbData+pDBBindings[x].obStatus)) = DBSTATUS_S_OK;

Get yourself an IAccessor using your IRowsetChange and bind it:

IAccessor* pIAccessor;
HACCESSOR hAccessor;
DBBINDSTATUS* pDBBindStatus;

hr = pRowsetChange->QueryInterface(IID_IAccessor, (void**) &pIAccessor);
// Error handling elided

pDBBindStatus = new DBBINDSTATUS[ulCols];

//Associate the bindings with the data accessor for the rowset
hr = pIAccessor->CreateAccessor( DBACCESSOR_ROWDATA, ulCols, pDBBindings, 0, hAccessor, pDBBindStatus);
// Error handling, cleanup elided

Finally, you can insert your row:

hr = pRowsetChange->InsertRow(NULL, hAccessor, pbData, NULL);

SQL Server Native Client will read from your stream and insert the row. The hoop-jumping is now done. ReleaseAccessor, cleanup, etc. elided.

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