python datetime strptime 通配符

发布于 2024-08-01 16:03:41 字数 267 浏览 9 评论 0原文

我想将这样的日期解析为日期时间对象：

2008 年 12 月 12 日
2009 年 1 月 1 日

以下内容适用于第一个日期：

datetime.strptime("December 12th, 2008", "%B %dth, %Y")

但由于日期数字后缀（“st”），因此第二个日期将失败。那么，strptime 中是否存在未记录的通配符？或者更好的方法？

原文

I want to parse dates like these into a datetime object:

December 12th, 2008
January 1st, 2009

The following will work for the first date:

datetime.strptime("December 12th, 2008", "%B %dth, %Y")

but will fail for the second because of the suffix to the day number ('st'). So, is there an undocumented wildcard character in strptime? Or a better approach altogether?

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人疚 2024-08-08 16:03:41

尝试使用 dateutil.parser 模块。

import dateutil.parser
date1 = dateutil.parser.parse("December 12th, 2008")
date2 = dateutil.parser.parse("January 1st, 2009")

其他文档可以在这里找到：http://labix.org/python-dateutil

Try using the dateutil.parser module.

import dateutil.parser
date1 = dateutil.parser.parse("December 12th, 2008")
date2 = dateutil.parser.parse("January 1st, 2009")

Additional documentation can be found here: http://labix.org/python-dateutil

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镜花水月 2024-08-08 16:03:41

您需要 Gustavo Niemeyer 的 python_dateutil ——安装后，

>>> from dateutil import parser
>>> parser.parse('December 12th, 2008')
datetime.datetime(2008, 12, 12, 0, 0)
>>> parser.parse('January 1st, 2009')
datetime.datetime(2009, 1, 1, 0, 0)
>>>

You need Gustavo Niemeyer's python_dateutil -- once it's installed,

>>> from dateutil import parser
>>> parser.parse('December 12th, 2008')
datetime.datetime(2008, 12, 12, 0, 0)
>>> parser.parse('January 1st, 2009')
datetime.datetime(2009, 1, 1, 0, 0)
>>>

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冬天旳寂寞 2024-08-08 16:03:41

strptime 很棘手，因为它依赖于底层 C 库来实现，因此平台之间的一些细节有所不同。似乎没有办法匹配您需要的字符。但你可以先清理数据：

# Remove ordinal suffixes from numbers.
date_in = re.sub(r"(st|nd|rd|th),", ",", date_in)
# Parse the pure date.
date = datetime.strptime(date_in, "%B %d, %Y")

strptime is tricky because it relies on the underlying C library for its implementation, so some details differ between platforms. There doesn't seem to be a way to match the characters you need to. But you could clean the data first:

# Remove ordinal suffixes from numbers.
date_in = re.sub(r"(st|nd|rd|th),", ",", date_in)
# Parse the pure date.
date = datetime.strptime(date_in, "%B %d, %Y")

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风铃鹿 2024-08-08 16:03:41

如果你想使用任意通配符，你可以使用 datetime-glob，这是我们开发的一个模块从一致的日期/时间格式生成的文件列表中解析日期/时间。来自模块的文档：

>>> import datetime_glob
>>> matcher = datetime_glob.Matcher(
                         pattern='/some/path/*%Y-%m-%dT%H-%M-%SZ.jpg')

>>> matcher.match(path='/some/path/some-text2016-07-03T21-22-23Z.jpg')
datetime_glob.Match(year = 2016, month = 7, day = 3, 
                    hour = 21, minute = 22, second = 23, microsecond = None)

>>> match.as_datetime()
datetime.datetime(2016, 7, 3, 21, 22, 23)

If you want to use arbitrary wildcards, you can use datetime-glob, a module we developed to parse date/times from a list of files generated by a consistent date/time formatting. From the module's documentation:

>>> import datetime_glob
>>> matcher = datetime_glob.Matcher(
                         pattern='/some/path/*%Y-%m-%dT%H-%M-%SZ.jpg')

>>> matcher.match(path='/some/path/some-text2016-07-03T21-22-23Z.jpg')
datetime_glob.Match(year = 2016, month = 7, day = 3, 
                    hour = 21, minute = 22, second = 23, microsecond = None)

>>> match.as_datetime()
datetime.datetime(2016, 7, 3, 21, 22, 23)

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夜夜流光相皎洁 2024-08-08 16:03:41

对于像我一样只想要无需额外模块即可“工作”的人来说，这是一个快速而肮脏的解决方案。

string_list = ["th", "rd", "nd", "st"]
time = None
for str in string_list:
    if (time is not None):
        break
    try:
        match_string = '%B %d' + str +', %Y'
        time = datetime.strptime("December 12th, 2008", match_string)
    except Exception:
        pass

For anyone who, like me, just want something that "works" without an additional module, this is a quick and dirty solution.

string_list = ["th", "rd", "nd", "st"]
time = None
for str in string_list:
    if (time is not None):
        break
    try:
        match_string = '%B %d' + str +', %Y'
        time = datetime.strptime("December 12th, 2008", match_string)
    except Exception:
        pass

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