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如何在 Python 中使用紧凑的 RELAX NG 模式验证 XML 文档？

发布于 2024-08-01 14:15:59 字数 46 浏览 6 评论 0原文

如何在 Python 中通过紧凑的 RELAX NG 模式验证 XML 文档？

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女皇必胜 2024-08-08 14:15:59

如果您想从命令行检查语法与 Compact RelaxNG 语法，您可以使用 pyjing，来自 jingtrang 模块。

它支持 .rnc 文件，并显示更多详细信息，而不仅仅是 True 或 False。例如：

C:\>pyjing -c root.rnc invalid.xml
C:\invalid.xml:9:9: error: element "name" not allowed here; expected the element end-tag or element "bounds"

注意：它是 Java jingtrang 的 Python 包装器，因此需要安装 Java。

如果您想在 Python 中检查语法，您可以

< p>使用pytrang（来自jingtrang包装器）将“Compact RelaxNG”（.rnc）转换为XML RelaxNG（.rng< /强>）：
pytrang root.rnc root.rng
使用lxml解析转换后的.rng文件，如下所示：https://lxml.de/validation.html#relaxng

那会是这样的：

>>> from lxml import etree
>>> from subprocess import call

>>> call("pytrang root.rnc root.rng")

>>> with open("root.rng") as f:
...    relaxng_doc = etree.parse(f)
>>> relaxng = etree.RelaxNG(relaxng_doc)

>>> valid = StringIO('<a><b></b></a>')
>>> doc = etree.parse(valid)
>>> relaxng.validate(doc)
True

>>> invalid = StringIO('<a><c></c></a>')
>>> doc2 = etree.parse(invalid)
>>> relaxng.validate(doc2)
False

If you want to check syntax vs Compact RelaxNG Syntax from command line, you can use pyjing, from the jingtrang module.

It supports .rnc files and displays more details than just True or False. For example:

C:\>pyjing -c root.rnc invalid.xml
C:\invalid.xml:9:9: error: element "name" not allowed here; expected the element end-tag or element "bounds"

NOTE: it is a Python wrapper of the Java jingtrang so it requires to have Java installed.

If you want to check the syntax from within Python, you can

Use pytrang (from jingtrang wrapper) to convert "Compact RelaxNG" (.rnc) to XML RelaxNG (.rng):
pytrang root.rnc root.rng
Use lxml to parse converted .rng file like this: https://lxml.de/validation.html#relaxng

That would be something like that:

>>> from lxml import etree
>>> from subprocess import call

>>> call("pytrang root.rnc root.rng")

>>> with open("root.rng") as f:
...    relaxng_doc = etree.parse(f)
>>> relaxng = etree.RelaxNG(relaxng_doc)

>>> valid = StringIO('<a><b></b></a>')
>>> doc = etree.parse(valid)
>>> relaxng.validate(doc)
True

>>> invalid = StringIO('<a><c></c></a>')
>>> doc2 = etree.parse(invalid)
>>> relaxng.validate(doc2)
False

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北恋 2024-08-08 14:15:59

使用 lxml 怎么样？

来自文档：

>>> f = StringIO('''\
... <element name="a" xmlns="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0">
...  <zeroOrMore>
...     <element name="b">
...       <text />
...     </element>
...  </zeroOrMore>
... </element>
... ''')
>>> relaxng_doc = etree.parse(f)
>>> relaxng = etree.RelaxNG(relaxng_doc)

>>> valid = StringIO('<a><b></b></a>')
>>> doc = etree.parse(valid)
>>> relaxng.validate(doc)
True

>>> invalid = StringIO('<a><c></c></a>')
>>> doc2 = etree.parse(invalid)
>>> relaxng.validate(doc2)
False

How about using lxml?

From the docs:

>>> f = StringIO('''\
... <element name="a" xmlns="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0">
...  <zeroOrMore>
...     <element name="b">
...       <text />
...     </element>
...  </zeroOrMore>
... </element>
... ''')
>>> relaxng_doc = etree.parse(f)
>>> relaxng = etree.RelaxNG(relaxng_doc)

>>> valid = StringIO('<a><b></b></a>')
>>> doc = etree.parse(valid)
>>> relaxng.validate(doc)
True

>>> invalid = StringIO('<a><c></c></a>')
>>> doc2 = etree.parse(invalid)
>>> relaxng.validate(doc2)
False

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