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C++ 中文件的 MD5 哈希值

发布于 2024-07-29 17:12:40 字数 26 浏览 2 评论 0原文

如何在C++中获取文件的MD5哈希值？

原文

How to get the MD5 hash of a file in C++?

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心安伴我暖 2024-08-05 17:12:40

下面是 md5sum 命令的直接实现，该命令计算并显示命令行上指定的文件的 MD5。 它需要链接到 OpenSSL 库 (gcc md5.c -o md5 -lssl) 才能工作。 它是纯 C 语言，但您应该能够轻松地将其适应您的 C++ 应用程序。

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#include <openssl/md5.h>

unsigned char result[MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];

// Print the MD5 sum as hex-digits.
void print_md5_sum(unsigned char* md) {
    int i;
    for(i=0; i <MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH; i++) {
            printf("%02x",md[i]);
    }
}

// Get the size of the file by its file descriptor
unsigned long get_size_by_fd(int fd) {
    struct stat statbuf;
    if(fstat(fd, &statbuf) < 0) exit(-1);
    return statbuf.st_size;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    int file_descript;
    unsigned long file_size;
    char* file_buffer;

    if(argc != 2) { 
            printf("Must specify the file\n");
            exit(-1);
    }
    printf("using file:\t%s\n", argv[1]);

    file_descript = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY);
    if(file_descript < 0) exit(-1);

    file_size = get_size_by_fd(file_descript);
    printf("file size:\t%lu\n", file_size);

    file_buffer = mmap(0, file_size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, file_descript, 0);
    MD5((unsigned char*) file_buffer, file_size, result);
    munmap(file_buffer, file_size); 

    print_md5_sum(result);
    printf("  %s\n", argv[1]);

    return 0;
}

Here's a straight forward implementation of the md5sum command that computes and displays the MD5 of the file specified on the command-line. It needs to be linked against the OpenSSL library (gcc md5.c -o md5 -lssl) to work. It's pure C, but you should be able to adapt it to your C++ application easily enough.

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#include <openssl/md5.h>

unsigned char result[MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];

// Print the MD5 sum as hex-digits.
void print_md5_sum(unsigned char* md) {
    int i;
    for(i=0; i <MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH; i++) {
            printf("%02x",md[i]);
    }
}

// Get the size of the file by its file descriptor
unsigned long get_size_by_fd(int fd) {
    struct stat statbuf;
    if(fstat(fd, &statbuf) < 0) exit(-1);
    return statbuf.st_size;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    int file_descript;
    unsigned long file_size;
    char* file_buffer;

    if(argc != 2) { 
            printf("Must specify the file\n");
            exit(-1);
    }
    printf("using file:\t%s\n", argv[1]);

    file_descript = open(argv[1], O_RDONLY);
    if(file_descript < 0) exit(-1);

    file_size = get_size_by_fd(file_descript);
    printf("file size:\t%lu\n", file_size);

    file_buffer = mmap(0, file_size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, file_descript, 0);
    MD5((unsigned char*) file_buffer, file_size, result);
    munmap(file_buffer, file_size); 

    print_md5_sum(result);
    printf("  %s\n", argv[1]);

    return 0;
}
回复 原文
绝影如岚 2024-08-05 17:12:40

您可以自己实现 MD5 算法（示例遍布网络），或者您可以链接到 OpenSSL 库并使用 OpenSSL 的摘要函数。
下面是获取字节数组 MD5 的示例：

#include <openssl/md5.h>
QByteArray AESWrapper::md5 ( const QByteArray& data) {
    unsigned char * tmp_hash;
    tmp_hash = MD5((const unsigned char*)data.constData(), data.length(), NULL);
    return QByteArray((const char*)tmp_hash, MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH);
}

You can implement the MD5 algorithm yourself (examples are all over the web), or you can link against the OpenSSL libs and use OpenSSL's digest functions.
here's an example to get the MD5 of a byte array:

#include <openssl/md5.h>
QByteArray AESWrapper::md5 ( const QByteArray& data) {
    unsigned char * tmp_hash;
    tmp_hash = MD5((const unsigned char*)data.constData(), data.length(), NULL);
    return QByteArray((const char*)tmp_hash, MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH);
}
回复 原文
铜锣湾横着走 2024-08-05 17:12:40

对于从“https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4393017/md5-implementation-in-c”重定向的任何人”，因为它被错误地标记为重复项。

此处的示例有效：

http://www.zedwood.com/article/cpp-md5 -function

如果你在 VC++2010 中编译，那么你需要将他的 main.cpp 更改为：

#include <iostream> //for std::cout
#include <string.h> //for std::string
#include "MD5.h"

using std::cout; using std::endl;

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    std::string Temp =  md5("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog");
    cout << Temp.c_str() << endl;

    return 0;
}

如果你要读取 char * 数组而不是 a，则必须稍微更改 MD5 类字符串来回答此页面上的问题。

编辑：

显然修改 MD5 库尚不清楚，这里有一个完整的 VC++2010 解决方案，以方便您包含 char * 的：

https://github.com/alm4096/MD5-Hash-Example-VS

这里有一些解释：

#include <iostream> //for std::cout
#include <string.h> //for std::string
#include <fstream>
#include "MD5.h"

using std::cout; using std::endl;

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    //Start opening your file
    ifstream inBigArrayfile;
    inBigArrayfile.open ("Data.dat", std::ios::binary | std::ios::in);

    //Find length of file
    inBigArrayfile.seekg (0, std::ios::end);
    long Length = inBigArrayfile.tellg();
    inBigArrayfile.seekg (0, std::ios::beg);    

    //read in the data from your file
    char * InFileData = new char[Length];
    inBigArrayfile.read(InFileData,Length);

    //Calculate MD5 hash
    std::string Temp =  md5(InFileData,Length);
    cout << Temp.c_str() << endl;

    //Clean up
    delete [] InFileData;

    return 0;
}

我只是将以下内容添加到 MD5 库中:

MD5.cpp:

MD5::MD5(char * Input, long length)
{
  init();
  update(Input, length);
  finalize();
}

MD5.h:

std::string md5(char * Input, long length);

For anyone redirected from "https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4393017/md5-implementation-in-c" because it's been incorrectly labelled a duplicate.

The example located here works:

http://www.zedwood.com/article/cpp-md5-function

If you are compiling in VC++2010 then you will need to change his main.cpp to this:

#include <iostream> //for std::cout
#include <string.h> //for std::string
#include "MD5.h"

using std::cout; using std::endl;

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    std::string Temp =  md5("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog");
    cout << Temp.c_str() << endl;

    return 0;
}

You will have to change the MD5 class slightly if you are to read in a char * array instead of a string to answer the question on this page here.

EDIT:

Apparently modifying the MD5 library isn't clear, well a Full VC++2010 solution is here for your convenience to include char *'s:

https://github.com/alm4096/MD5-Hash-Example-VS

A bit of an explanation is here:

#include <iostream> //for std::cout
#include <string.h> //for std::string
#include <fstream>
#include "MD5.h"

using std::cout; using std::endl;

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    //Start opening your file
    ifstream inBigArrayfile;
    inBigArrayfile.open ("Data.dat", std::ios::binary | std::ios::in);

    //Find length of file
    inBigArrayfile.seekg (0, std::ios::end);
    long Length = inBigArrayfile.tellg();
    inBigArrayfile.seekg (0, std::ios::beg);    

    //read in the data from your file
    char * InFileData = new char[Length];
    inBigArrayfile.read(InFileData,Length);

    //Calculate MD5 hash
    std::string Temp =  md5(InFileData,Length);
    cout << Temp.c_str() << endl;

    //Clean up
    delete [] InFileData;

    return 0;
}

I have simply added the following into the MD5 library:

MD5.cpp:

MD5::MD5(char * Input, long length)
{
  init();
  update(Input, length);
  finalize();
}

MD5.h:

std::string md5(char * Input, long length);
回复 原文
倾城°AllureLove 2024-08-05 17:12:40
QFile file("bigimage.jpg");

if (file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly))
{
    QByteArray fileData = file.readAll();

    QByteArray hashData = QCryptographicHash::hash(fileData,QCryptographicHash::Md5); // or QCryptographicHash::Sha1
    qDebug() << hashData.toHex();  // 0e0c2180dfd784dd84423b00af86e2fc

}

QFile file("bigimage.jpg");

if (file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly))
{
    QByteArray fileData = file.readAll();

    QByteArray hashData = QCryptographicHash::hash(fileData,QCryptographicHash::Md5); // or QCryptographicHash::Sha1
    qDebug() << hashData.toHex();  // 0e0c2180dfd784dd84423b00af86e2fc

}
回复 原文
内心旳酸楚 2024-08-05 17:12:40

我现在需要这样做，需要一个适合 c++11、boost 和 openssl 的跨平台解决方案。 我以 D'Nabre 的 解决方案为起点，并将其归结为以下内容：

#include <openssl/md5.h>
#include <iomanip>
#include <sstream>
#include <boost/iostreams/device/mapped_file.hpp>

const std::string md5_from_file(const std::string& path)
{
    unsigned char result[MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];
    boost::iostreams::mapped_file_source src(path);
    MD5((unsigned char*)src.data(), src.size(), result);

    std::ostringstream sout;
    sout<<std::hex<<std::setfill('0');
    for(auto c: result) sout<<std::setw(2)<<(int)c;

    return sout.str();
}

快速测试可执行文件演示：

#include <iostream>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    if(argc != 2) {
        std::cerr<<"Must specify the file\n";
        exit(-1);
    }
    std::cout<<md5_from_file(argv[1])<<"  "<<argv[1]<<std::endl;
    return 0;
}

一些链接笔记：
Linux：-lcrypto -lboost_iostreams
Windows：-DBOOST_ALL_DYN_LINK libeay32.lib ssleay32.lib

I needed to do this just now and required a cross-platform solution that was suitable for c++11, boost and openssl. I took D'Nabre's solution as a starting point and boiled it down to the following:

#include <openssl/md5.h>
#include <iomanip>
#include <sstream>
#include <boost/iostreams/device/mapped_file.hpp>

const std::string md5_from_file(const std::string& path)
{
    unsigned char result[MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];
    boost::iostreams::mapped_file_source src(path);
    MD5((unsigned char*)src.data(), src.size(), result);

    std::ostringstream sout;
    sout<<std::hex<<std::setfill('0');
    for(auto c: result) sout<<std::setw(2)<<(int)c;

    return sout.str();
}

A quick test executable demonstrates:

#include <iostream>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    if(argc != 2) {
        std::cerr<<"Must specify the file\n";
        exit(-1);
    }
    std::cout<<md5_from_file(argv[1])<<"  "<<argv[1]<<std::endl;
    return 0;
}

Some linking notes:
Linux: -lcrypto -lboost_iostreams
Windows: -DBOOST_ALL_DYN_LINK libeay32.lib ssleay32.lib

回复 原文
谜兔 2024-08-05 17:12:40

md5.h 还具有对于大文件非常有用的 MD5_* 函数

#include <openssl/md5.h>
#include <fstream>
.......

std::ifstream file(filename, std::ifstream::binary);
MD5_CTX md5Context;
MD5_Init(&md5Context);
char buf[1024 * 16];
while (file.good()) {
    file.read(buf, sizeof(buf));
    MD5_Update(&md5Context, buf, file.gcount());
}
unsigned char result[MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];
MD5_Final(result, &md5Context);

非常简单，不是吗？ 转换为字符串也非常简单：

#include <sstream>
#include <iomanip>
.......

std::stringstream md5string;
md5string << std::hex << std::uppercase << std::setfill('0');
for (const auto &byte: result)
    md5string << std::setw(2) << (int)byte;

return md5string.str();

md5.h also have MD5_* functions very useful for big file

#include <openssl/md5.h>
#include <fstream>
.......

std::ifstream file(filename, std::ifstream::binary);
MD5_CTX md5Context;
MD5_Init(&md5Context);
char buf[1024 * 16];
while (file.good()) {
    file.read(buf, sizeof(buf));
    MD5_Update(&md5Context, buf, file.gcount());
}
unsigned char result[MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];
MD5_Final(result, &md5Context);

Very simple, isn`t it? Convertion to string also very simple:

#include <sstream>
#include <iomanip>
.......

std::stringstream md5string;
md5string << std::hex << std::uppercase << std::setfill('0');
for (const auto &byte: result)
    md5string << std::setw(2) << (int)byte;

return md5string.str();
回复 原文
情深已缘浅 2024-08-05 17:12:40

使用 Crypto++，您可以执行以下操作：

#include <sha.h>
#include <iostream> 

SHA256 sha; 
while ( !f.eof() ) { 
   char buff[4096];
   int numchars = f.read(...); 
   sha.Update(buff, numchars); 
}
char hash[size]; 
sha.Final(hash); 
cout << hash <<endl;

我需要非常类似的东西，因为我无法读取数 GB 文件只是为了计算哈希值。 理论上我可以对它们进行内存映射，但我必须支持 32 位平台 - 这对于大文件来说仍然是个问题。

Using Crypto++, you could do the following:

#include <sha.h>
#include <iostream> 

SHA256 sha; 
while ( !f.eof() ) { 
   char buff[4096];
   int numchars = f.read(...); 
   sha.Update(buff, numchars); 
}
char hash[size]; 
sha.Final(hash); 
cout << hash <<endl;

I have a need for something very similar, because I can't read in multi-gigabyte files just to compute a hash. In theory I could memory map them, but I have to support 32bit platforms - that's still problematic for large files.

回复 原文
千里故人稀 2024-08-05 17:12:40

@D'Nabre 对 C++ 的实现进行了修改。 不要忘记在最后使用 -lcrypto 进行编译：gcc md5.c -o md5 -lcrypto。

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>

#include <openssl/md5.h>
using namespace std;

unsigned char result[MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];

// function to print MD5 correctly
void printMD5(unsigned char* md, long size = MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH) {
    for (int i=0; i<size; i++) {
        cout<< hex << setw(2) << setfill('0') << (int) md[i];
    }
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

if(argc != 2) {
    cout << "Specify the file..." << endl;
    return 0;
}

ifstream::pos_type fileSize;
char * memBlock;

ifstream file (argv[1], ios::ate);

//check if opened
if (file.is_open() ) { cout<< "Using file\t"<< argv[1]<<endl; }
else {
    cout<< "Unnable to open\t"<< argv[1]<<endl;
    return 0;
}

//get file size & copy file to memory
//~ file.seekg(-1,ios::end); // exludes EOF
fileSize = file.tellg();
cout << "File size \t"<< fileSize << endl;
memBlock = new char[fileSize];
file.seekg(0,ios::beg);
file.read(memBlock, fileSize);
file.close();

//get md5 sum
MD5((unsigned char*) memBlock, fileSize, result);

//~ cout << "MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH = "<< MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH << endl;
printMD5(result);
cout<<endl;

return 0;
}

A rework of impementation by @D'Nabre for C++. Don't forget to compile with -lcrypto at the end: gcc md5.c -o md5 -lcrypto.

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>

#include <openssl/md5.h>
using namespace std;

unsigned char result[MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH];

// function to print MD5 correctly
void printMD5(unsigned char* md, long size = MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH) {
    for (int i=0; i<size; i++) {
        cout<< hex << setw(2) << setfill('0') << (int) md[i];
    }
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

if(argc != 2) {
    cout << "Specify the file..." << endl;
    return 0;
}

ifstream::pos_type fileSize;
char * memBlock;

ifstream file (argv[1], ios::ate);

//check if opened
if (file.is_open() ) { cout<< "Using file\t"<< argv[1]<<endl; }
else {
    cout<< "Unnable to open\t"<< argv[1]<<endl;
    return 0;
}

//get file size & copy file to memory
//~ file.seekg(-1,ios::end); // exludes EOF
fileSize = file.tellg();
cout << "File size \t"<< fileSize << endl;
memBlock = new char[fileSize];
file.seekg(0,ios::beg);
file.read(memBlock, fileSize);
file.close();

//get md5 sum
MD5((unsigned char*) memBlock, fileSize, result);

//~ cout << "MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH = "<< MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH << endl;
printMD5(result);
cout<<endl;

return 0;
}
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