如何将 Web 开发从 Windows 转移到 Linux
我是一名系统程序员，所以我只知道一些基本的 css/html。 我喜欢学习网站模板开发的基础知识。 我对 joomla 有一些想法。 wordpress，我也在尝试一些维基。 我的一个朋友是Fireworks/Photoshop高级用户，使用Fireworks制作模板看起来很容易。 Linux 上有类似烟花的东西吗？ 我主要关心的是模板化、制作布局、切片、定义框（作为菜单/选项卡的占位符:)）。 以及一些基于它的简单 CSS。 我一直在寻找这些答案，但大多数已经迁移到 Linux 进行 Web 开发的用户都在谈论 PHP/AJAX，我的意思是这样的。 他们都不太关心模板，这对他们来说可能是一项太简单的技能。 无论如何，以下是我在网上找到的工具，
- Kompozer
- LnkScape
- Gimp
- Screem/geany/codeblocks/eclipse/bluefish
- Apatana（他们说它是基于 Eclipse 的）
任何人都可以 ps 指导，选择哪一个 - 制作图片/布局和生成或者说将其写入 css/html。
我看过烟花，它看起来不错，在 Linux 上有任何最好的替代品，或者我应该在 wine 中运行旧版本的烟花。 我认为我的要求是非常基本的。 谢谢。
抱歉，我在写问题时不小心按下了 Enter 键。 该问题已发布，当我尝试删除时，需要 5 票。 所以我花了一些时间完整地写了它，在那段时间我被否决了-3:)。
编辑——我还在冲浪，大家都在提倡GIMP，我也用过GIMP，但它更像是一个图片/操作软件，而不是像Fireworks那样，专门用于网页布局。 你们linux-guy们用什么来进行模板设计呢？ 我只需要有经验的人的建议。 我的要求很简单，没有什么花哨的东西...但是个人网站的干净直观的网页布局我可以自由更改，无需依赖任何人，只要我愿意
I am a systems programmer, so i just know some basic css/html. I like to learn basic of template development for sites. I have some idea about joomla. wordpress, and I am also experimenting with few wikis. A friend of mine is fireworks/photoshop advanced user, it looks quite easy to make a template using fireworks. Is there any equivalent of fireworks on linux. My concern majorly is templating, making a layout, slicing it, defining boxes (something as a place holders for menus/tabs :) ). And some easy CSS based on it. I have been surfing for these answers, but mostly all the users who have migrated to Linux of web-development are talking about PHP/AJAX i mean things like these. None of them is too concerned about templating, may be its a too easy skill for them. Anyways following are the tools i have found on the net,
- Kompozer
- LnkScape
- Gimp
- Screem/geany/codeblocks/eclipse/bluefish
- Apatana (they say its eclipse based)
Can anyone ps guide, which one to choose to just - make a picture/layout and generate or say write it into a css/html.
I have seen fireworks, it looked good, any best alternative for it on linux, or shall I run an older version of fireworks in wine. I think mine requirements are very basic. Thanks.
Excuse me, I was writing the question and I by-mistake pressed enter. The question got published, and when I tried to delete, it needed 5 votes. So i just took time and wrote it completely, and during that time i got voted down -3:).
EDIT -- I am still surfing, everyone is advocating GIMP, i have used GIMP, but it is more like a picture/manipulation software, not like fireworks, specifically for web-layouts. What are you linux-guys, using for your template designing. I just need advices from experienced guys. Mine requirements are simple, no fancy things... but clean intuitive web-layouts for personal sites which i can change freely, without dependence on anyone, when-ever i wish
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我在 Mac 上使用 Fireworks，但尚未找到合适的替代方案。 Linux 上最接近矢量编辑器的是 Inkscape，但您不太可能发现它对于创建适合在您的网站中使用的可导出切片很有用。 您必须采取多个干预步骤才能完成使用您可能熟悉的 Fireworks 上的“导出为 HTML”功能可能实现的功能。 GIMP 是一个合理的照片编辑器（具有您期望从 Photoshop 获得的大部分功能）。
听起来您最感兴趣的是更换图形设计工作站，而不是后续的服务器技术。 如果是这样的话，我不能全心全意地支持你在这个时候转行。 我还见过一个完全使用 OOS 设计的网站示例，可以与大多数使用专有解决方案的“专业设计公司”进行比较。 如果您专注于 Web 应用程序开发而不是图形设计，我会少很多犹豫。
在 Linux 上创建纯文本 HTML 和 CSS 与在 Windows 上创建纯文本 HTML 和 CSS 没有任何不同。 如果您熟悉这些标记语言，那么您在 Linux 下使用文本编辑器来完成同样的事情将毫无问题。 如果您当前正在使用 Dreamweaver 等工具为您生成此代码，则您将必须尝试一些类似您提到的软件包，直到找到合适的替代方案。 您不会找到 Dreamweaver 的克隆版。 如果您打算将网页设计作为一项业务：无论如何，我建议您学习 XHTML 和 CSS 的正确语法。 调试在浏览器中的工作方式与在 Windows 中的工作方式相同，但 Internet Explorer 除外（可以在虚拟机中运行，如下所示）。 请务必选择 Firefox 的 FireBug、YSlow! 和 Live HTTP 标头扩展，以缓解您的调试难题。
为了实现两全其美，您应该考虑在 Linux 下的虚拟机中运行当前选择的操作系统（Windows？）。 适用于 Linux 的虚拟化产品有很多，但 VMware Player/Server 似乎是最容易使用的。 仍然应该有一个适用于 VMware 的 apt 软件包，以便在 Ubuntu 中轻松一键安装。 这样，您就可以轻松地过渡——一次一个应用程序。 大多数虚拟化产品现在都是免费的！
I use Fireworks on Mac and have yet to find a decent alternative. The closest thing to a vector editor on Linux is going to be Inkscape but you are unlikely to find it useful for creating exportable slices that are suitable for use in your website. You will have to take multiple intervening steps in order to accomplish what would have otherwise been possible with the "Export as HTML" feature on Fireworks, with which you are likely familiar. GIMP is a reasonable photo editor (with most of the features you would expect from Photo Shop).
It sounds like you are mostly interested in replacing your graphic design workstation and not the subsequent server technologies. If that's the case, I can't wholeheartedly endorse that you switch at this time. I have yet seen an example of a site designed entirely with OOS that could compare with most of the "professional design houses" using proprietary solutions. If you were focused on web application development and not graphic design, I would be a lot less hesitant.
Creating plain-text HTML and CSS on Linux isn't going to be any different from how you create it on Windows. If you are familiar with these mark-up languages, then you will have no problem using a text editor under Linux to accomplish the same thing. If you are currently using tools like Dreamweaver to generate this code for you, you will have to try a few packages like the ones you have mentioned until you find something that is a suitable alternative. You are not going to find a Dreamweaver clone. If you plan to do web design as a business: I would suggest just learning the proper syntax for XHTML and CSS, anyway. Debugging works in the browser just like it does in Windows, with the exception of Internet Explorer (which can be ran in a virtual machine, below). Be sure to pick up the FireBug, YSlow!, and Live HTTP header extensions for Firefox to ease your debugging woes.
To achieve the best of both worlds, you should consider running your current operating system of choice (Windows?) within a virtual machine under Linux. There are many virtualization products available for Linux, but VMware Player/Server seem to be the easiest for people to use. There should still be an apt package for VMware for an easy one-click install in Ubuntu. This way, you can transition comfortably--one app at a time. Most virtualization products are now free!
作为服务器平台：
如果您使用 FOSS 技术（Perl、Python、Ruby、PHP 等），那么您会发现一切都已就绪（尽管远离不区分大小写的文件系统可能会导致问题）。
如果您依赖 Microsoft 技术（例如 .NET），那么您几乎必须重写所有内容，尽管 Mono 可能会有所帮助。
作为桌面平台：
看看您现在使用的工具。 在 Linux 上查找等效项。 许多工具可用于这两种操作系统。
As a server platform:
If you are using FOSS technologies (Perl, Python, Ruby, PHP, etc) then you'll find that things pretty much drop into place (although moving away from case-insensitive file systems may cause issues).
If you depend on Microsoft technologies (.NET for example) then you're pretty much going to have to rewrite everything, although Mono might help.
As a desktop platform:
Look at the tools you use now. Find equivalents on Linux. Many tools are available for both OSes.
如果你的网页只使用css和html，你只能复制网站并在Linux上安装Apache服务器......
If you use only css and html in you webpages, you can only copy the website and install Apache server on Linux...