首选跨平台“主要”是什么? 定义使用 boost::program_options?
我正在尝试使用 C++ 和 boost 来开发跨平台应用程序。
我通常在 *nix 环境中编程,我总是按如下方式定义“main”:
int main( const int argc, const char* argv[] )
{
...
}
对于此应用程序,我从 Windows 环境中开始,使用 Visual Studio 2003。
当我尝试使用 boost::program_options 时定义时,我从 program_options::store 中得到编译错误:
po::options_description desc("Supported options");
desc.add_options()...;
po::variables_map vm;
po::store(po::parse_command_line(argc, argv, desc), vm);
错误:
main.cpp(46) : error C2665: 'boost::program_options::store' : none of the 2 overloads can convert parameter 1 from type 'boost::program_options::basic_parsed_options<charT>'
with
[
charT=const char
]
c:\boost_1_38_0\boost\program_options\variables_map.hpp(34): could be 'void boost::program_options::store(const boost::program_options::basic_parsed_options<charT> &,boost::program_options::variables_map &,bool)'
with
[
charT=char
]
c:\boost_1_38_0\boost\program_options\variables_map.hpp(43): or 'void boost::program_options::store(const boost::program_options::basic_parsed_options<wchar_t> &,boost::program_options::variables_map &)'
while trying to match the argument list '(boost::program_options::basic_parsed_options<charT>, boost::program_options::variables_map)'
with
[
charT=const char
]
我尝试通过如下定义 main 来强制 wchar_t 函数:
int main( const int argc, wchar_t* argv[]){
...
}
然后它会编译,但出现链接错误:
main.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "void __cdecl boost::program_options::store(class boost::program_options::basic_parsed_options<unsigned short> const &,class boost::program_options::variables_map &)" referenced in function _main
main.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall boost::program_options::basic_parsed_options<unsigned short>::basic_parsed_options<unsigned short>(class boost::program_options::basic_parsed_options<char> const &)" referenced in function "public: class boost::program_options::basic_parsed_options<unsigned short> __thiscall boost::program_options::basic_command_line_parser<unsigned short>::run(void)"
main.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> > __cdecl boost::program_options::to_internal(class std::basic_string<unsigned short,struct std::char_traits<unsigned short>,class std::allocator<unsigned short> > const &)" referenced in function "class std::vector<class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> >,class std::allocator<class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> > > > __cdecl boost::program_options::to_internal<class std::basic_string<unsigned short,struct std::char_traits<unsigned short>,class std::allocator<unsigned short> > >(class std::vector<class std::basic_string<unsigned short,struct std::char_traits<unsigned short>,class std::allocator<unsigned short> >,class std::allocator<class std::basic_string<unsigned short,struct std::char_traits<unsigned short>,class std::allocator<unsigned short> > > > const &)"
最后,如果我回退到默认的主定义设置Visual Studio,它编译和链接:
int main( const int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]){
...
}
所以,这对 Windows 来说很好,但是当我尝试将它带到 *nix 时这会起作用吗? 这些系统通常定义 _TCHAR 类型吗? 我个人还没有遇到过。
定义 main 在 Windows 和 *nix 上工作以及使用 boost::program_options 库的正确方法是什么?
I'm trying to develop a cross-platform application using C++ with boost.
I typically program in a *nix environment, where I've always defined 'main' as follows:
int main( const int argc, const char* argv[] )
{
...
}
For this application, I'm starting in the Windows environment, using Visual Studio 2003.
When I try to use boost::program_options with this definition, I get compile errors from program_options::store:
po::options_description desc("Supported options");
desc.add_options()...;
po::variables_map vm;
po::store(po::parse_command_line(argc, argv, desc), vm);
Error:
main.cpp(46) : error C2665: 'boost::program_options::store' : none of the 2 overloads can convert parameter 1 from type 'boost::program_options::basic_parsed_options<charT>'
with
[
charT=const char
]
c:\boost_1_38_0\boost\program_options\variables_map.hpp(34): could be 'void boost::program_options::store(const boost::program_options::basic_parsed_options<charT> &,boost::program_options::variables_map &,bool)'
with
[
charT=char
]
c:\boost_1_38_0\boost\program_options\variables_map.hpp(43): or 'void boost::program_options::store(const boost::program_options::basic_parsed_options<wchar_t> &,boost::program_options::variables_map &)'
while trying to match the argument list '(boost::program_options::basic_parsed_options<charT>, boost::program_options::variables_map)'
with
[
charT=const char
]
I tried to force the wchar_t function by defining main as follows:
int main( const int argc, wchar_t* argv[]){
...
}
Then it compiles, but I get link errors:
main.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "void __cdecl boost::program_options::store(class boost::program_options::basic_parsed_options<unsigned short> const &,class boost::program_options::variables_map &)" referenced in function _main
main.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall boost::program_options::basic_parsed_options<unsigned short>::basic_parsed_options<unsigned short>(class boost::program_options::basic_parsed_options<char> const &)" referenced in function "public: class boost::program_options::basic_parsed_options<unsigned short> __thiscall boost::program_options::basic_command_line_parser<unsigned short>::run(void)"
main.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> > __cdecl boost::program_options::to_internal(class std::basic_string<unsigned short,struct std::char_traits<unsigned short>,class std::allocator<unsigned short> > const &)" referenced in function "class std::vector<class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> >,class std::allocator<class std::basic_string<char,struct std::char_traits<char>,class std::allocator<char> > > > __cdecl boost::program_options::to_internal<class std::basic_string<unsigned short,struct std::char_traits<unsigned short>,class std::allocator<unsigned short> > >(class std::vector<class std::basic_string<unsigned short,struct std::char_traits<unsigned short>,class std::allocator<unsigned short> >,class std::allocator<class std::basic_string<unsigned short,struct std::char_traits<unsigned short>,class std::allocator<unsigned short> > > > const &)"
Finally, if I fall back to the default main definition setup by Visual Studio, it compiles and links:
int main( const int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]){
...
}
So, that's good for Windows, but will this work when I try to take it to *nix? Do those systems typically define a _TCHAR type? I haven't come across it personally.
What is the proper way to define main to work on Windows and *nix, plus work with the boost::program_options library?
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int main()
和int main(int argc, char* argv[])
(又名int main(int argc, char** argv)
) 是 C++ 标准批准的签名。VisualStudio 尝试以许多疯狂的方式提供帮助,包括尝试确定 (1) 您是否需要
main()
还是WinMain()
以及 (2) 决定如果您想要char
或wchar_t
。 如果 VisualStudio 认为您不是在控制台应用程序中工作,您可能需要 调用 split_winmain()。如果您想强制使用
char
(我推荐),您可能需要#undef UNICODE
。int main()
andint main(int argc, char* argv[])
(a.k.a.int main(int argc, char** argv)
) are the C++ Standards-approved signatures.VisualStudio tries to be helpful in a lot of crazy ways, including trying to determine if (1) you want a
main()
or aWinMain()
and (2) deciding if you wantchar
s orwchar_t
s. If VisualStudio does not think you're working in a console application, you may need to call split_winmain().If you want to force
char
s (which I would recommend) you may need to#undef UNICODE
.这似乎是一个常量相关的问题。 尝试:
It seems to be a constness related problem. Try: