XSD 中的子元素和命名空间
我一直在尝试弄清楚如何在将 XML 文件加载到应用程序中时使用 XML 架构来验证它们。 我已经使该部分正常工作,但我似乎无法让架构将根元素以外的任何内容识别为有效。 例如,我有以下 XML 文件: 具有
<fun xmlns="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun
test.xsd">
<activity>rowing</activity>
<activity>eating</activity>
<activity>coding</activity>
</fun>
以下内容(诚然是从可视化编辑器生成的 - 我只是凡人) XSD:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsd:schema targetNamespace="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun">
<xsd:element name="fun" type="activityList"></xsd:element>
<xsd:complexType name="activityList">
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="activity" type="xsd:string" maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0"></xsd:element>
</xsd:sequence>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:schema>
但是现在,使用 Eclipse 的内置(基于 Xerces?)验证器,我得到以下内容错误:
cvc-complex-type.2.4.a: Invalid content was found starting with element 'activity'. One of '{activity}' is expected.
那么我该如何修复我的 XSD 以便它……正常工作? 到目前为止我看到的所有搜索结果似乎都在说“……所以我只是关闭了验证”或“……所以我只是摆脱了命名空间”,而这不是我想做的事情。
附录:
现在假设我将架构更改为:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsd:schema targetNamespace="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun">
<xsd:element name="activity" type="xsd:string"></xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="fun">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element ref="activity" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</xsd:sequence>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
现在它可以工作了,但是该方法是否意味着我可以在文档的根目录中使用
? 如果 ref
应该按原样替换,那么为什么我不能将 ref="actvity"
替换为 name="activity" type=" xsd:字符串"
?
附加附录:一定要这样做,否则你会花上好几个小时把头撞在墙上:
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf;
// initialize dbf
dbf.setNamespaceAware(true);
I've been trying to figure out how to use an XML Schema to validate XML files as I load them into an application. I've got that part working, but I can't seem to get the schema to recognise anything other than the root element as valid. For instance, I have the following XML file:
<fun xmlns="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun
test.xsd">
<activity>rowing</activity>
<activity>eating</activity>
<activity>coding</activity>
</fun>
with the following (admittedly generated from the visual editor—I am but a mere mortal) XSD:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsd:schema targetNamespace="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun">
<xsd:element name="fun" type="activityList"></xsd:element>
<xsd:complexType name="activityList">
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="activity" type="xsd:string" maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0"></xsd:element>
</xsd:sequence>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:schema>
But now, using Eclipse's built-in (Xerces-based?) validator, I get the following error:
cvc-complex-type.2.4.a: Invalid content was found starting with element 'activity'. One of '{activity}' is expected.
So how do I fix my XSD so that it…works? All the search results I've seen so far seem to say "…so I just turned off validation" or "…so I just got rid of namespaces" and that's not something I want to do.
ADDENDUM:
Now let's say I change my schema to this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsd:schema targetNamespace="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://ttdi.us/I/am/having/fun">
<xsd:element name="activity" type="xsd:string"></xsd:element>
<xsd:element name="fun">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element ref="activity" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</xsd:sequence>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
Now it works, but does that method mean that I'm allowed to have <actvity>
at the root of my document? And if the ref
should just be substituted as-is, then why can't I replace ref="actvity"
with name="activity" type="xsd:string"
?
ADDITIONAL ADDENDUM: ALWAYS do this, or else you will spend hours and hours banging your head on a wall:
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf;
// initialize dbf
dbf.setNamespaceAware(true);
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此 XSD 在此处正确验证:
This XSD validates properly here: