和弦有什么用?

发布于 2024-07-25 06:04:44 字数 43 浏览 6 评论 0原文

Nemerle 等语言支持和弦的概念。 我想知道它们的实际用途是什么。

Languages such as Nemerle support the idea of chords. I'd like to know what their practical use is.

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青丝拂面 2024-08-01 06:04:44

该结构似乎也存在于 语言(以及 Polyphonic C# ),至少根据 [Wikipedia](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki /Chord_(并发)

和弦的主要用途似乎涉及数据库编程(更具体地说,加入微积分),鉴于它是一个并发结构,这并不奇怪。恐怕我不知道。

The construct also seems to exist in the language (as well as Polyphonic C#), at least according to [Wikipedia](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chord_(concurrency).

The primary usage of chords appears to involve database programming (more specifically, join calculus), which is unsurprising given that it is a concurrency construct. More than that, I'm afraid I don't know.

白云悠悠 2024-08-01 06:04:44

和弦用于并发。 该定义可在此处获取。

您正在寻找的位:

在大多数语言中,包括 C#,类签名中的方法与其实现的代码是双射对应的——对于声明的每个方法,都有一个单独的、不同的定义,说明当该方法被调用时会发生什么。叫。 然而,在 Cω 中,主体可以与一组(同步和/或异步)方法相关联。 我们把这样的定义称为和弦,特定的方法可能会出现在几个和弦的头部。 和弦的主体只有在其标头中的所有方法都被调用后才能执行。 因此,当调用一个方法时,可能会启用零个、一个或多个和弦:

如果没有启用和弦,则该方法
调用已排队。 如果方法
是异步的,那么这只是
涉及添加参数(
消息的内容)到队列。
如果该方法是同步的,那么
调用线程被阻塞。 如果有
是一个启用的和弦,那么
涉及调用的参数
匹配已出队,任何被阻止
参与比赛的线程是
醒来,身体运转。 当一个
仅涉及异步的和弦
方法运行,然后它在一个新的
线。 如果有几个和弦
然后启用一个未指定的
其中一名被选中参加竞选。
同样,如果有多个调用
对于排队的特定方法,我们
不指定哪个电话将被
当有匹配时出队。

A chord is used for concurrency. The definition is available here.

The bit you are looking for:

In most languages, including C#, methods in the signature of a class are in bijective correspondence with the code of their implementations -- for each method which is declared, there is a single, distinct definition of what happens when that method is called. In Cω, however, a body may be associated with a set of (synchronous and/or asynchronous) methods. We call such a definition a chord, and a particular method may appear in the header of several chords. The body of a chord can only execute once all the methods in its header have been called. Thus, when a method is called there may be zero, one, or more chords which are enabled:

If no chord is enabled then the method
invocation is queued up. If the method
is asynchronous, then this simply
involves adding the arguments (the
contents of the message) to a queue.
If the method is synchronous, then the
calling thread is blocked. If there
is a single enabled chord, then the
arguments of the calls involved in the
match are de-queued, any blocked
thread involved in the match is
awakened, and the body runs. When a
chord which involves only asynchronous
methods runs, then it does so in a new
thread. If there are several chords
which are enabled then an unspecified
one of them is chosen to run.
Similarly, if there are multiple calls
to a particular method queued up, we
do not specify which call will be
de-queued when there is a match.

五里雾 2024-08-01 06:04:44

尝试 Nemerle 计算表达式:

https://code.google .com/p/nemerle/source/browse/nemerle/trunk/snippets/ComputationExpressions/

一些示例:

 def upTo (n : int)
  {
    comp enumerable
    {
      mutable i = 0;
      while (i < n)
      {
        i ++;
        yield i
      }
    }
  }

  def manyTimes : IEnumerable [int] =
    comp enumerable
    {
      yieldcomp upTo(2);   // 1 2
      yield 100;           // 100
      yieldcomp upTo(3);   // 1 2 3
      yield 100;           // 100
      yieldcomp upTo(10);  // 1 2 3 .. 10
    }

def fn(n)
  {
    comp async
    {
      if (n < 20)
        returncomp fn(n + 1);
      else
        return n;
    }
  }
  def f(n1, n2)
  {
    comp async
    {
      defcomp n1 = fn(n1);
      defcomp n2 = fn(n2);
      return $"$n1 $n2";
    }
  }

private HttpGet(url : string) : Async[string]
{
  comp async
  {
    def req = WebRequest.Create(url);
    using (defcomp resp = req.AsyncGetResponse())
    using (stream = resp.GetResponseStream())
    using (reader = StreamReader(stream))
      return reader.ReadToEnd();
  }
}

这里还有更多示例:(虽然文章是俄语,但代码是英语:) ) http://habrahabr.ru/blogs/programming/108184/

Try Nemerle Computation Expressions:

https://code.google.com/p/nemerle/source/browse/nemerle/trunk/snippets/ComputationExpressions/

Some examples:

 def upTo (n : int)
  {
    comp enumerable
    {
      mutable i = 0;
      while (i < n)
      {
        i ++;
        yield i
      }
    }
  }

  def manyTimes : IEnumerable [int] =
    comp enumerable
    {
      yieldcomp upTo(2);   // 1 2
      yield 100;           // 100
      yieldcomp upTo(3);   // 1 2 3
      yield 100;           // 100
      yieldcomp upTo(10);  // 1 2 3 .. 10
    }

def fn(n)
  {
    comp async
    {
      if (n < 20)
        returncomp fn(n + 1);
      else
        return n;
    }
  }
  def f(n1, n2)
  {
    comp async
    {
      defcomp n1 = fn(n1);
      defcomp n2 = fn(n2);
      return $"$n1 $n2";
    }
  }

private HttpGet(url : string) : Async[string]
{
  comp async
  {
    def req = WebRequest.Create(url);
    using (defcomp resp = req.AsyncGetResponse())
    using (stream = resp.GetResponseStream())
    using (reader = StreamReader(stream))
      return reader.ReadToEnd();
  }
}

Some more examples here: (Although article in Russian but code in English :) ) http://habrahabr.ru/blogs/programming/108184/

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