在 VBscript 中写入/读取具有自定义扩展名的外部文件

Question

如何使用 VBscript 写入或读取具有自定义扩展名的外部文件（例如，可以使用 .cyc 代替 .txt 扩展名）？

我不知道怎么办，似乎无法弄清楚。 读取文件时，是否可以只读取文件的一部分？ 例如，如果我有一行

string1=Hello World!

在我的文件内部，我的脚本如何仅从 string1 行读取以及如何将文本值分配给 vbscript 文件中的字符串？

那么，如何将单个值写入我的文件？

为了澄清，我基本上尝试使用外部文件作为配置/数据文件。

这可能是一个非常菜鸟的问题，如果是的话我真的很抱歉。

编辑：这是一个由两部分组成的问题，我需要知道上面指定的读取和写入文件的代码，以及如何使用自定义扩展。

Answer 1

如果您想在随机位置读取和写入文本文件，最好的选择是使用 INI 文件。

INI 文件包含如下所示的条目：

[owner]
name=John Doe
organization=Acme Products

要读取 ini 文件，您需要一个可以像这样调用的函数：

Dim s as string
s=ReadINI("c:\myfolder\myfile.ext", "owner", "name")

...它将把“John Doe”放入 s 中。

执行此操作的代码在这里：
http://cwashington.netreach.net/depo/view.asp?Index= 553

写入INI文件的工作方式相同。

这是另一个示例：

WriteINI("c:\myfolder\myfile.ext", "MySection", "MyItem", "MyValue")

创建一个如下所示的 INI 文件：

[MySection]
MyItem=MyValue

您可以根据需要在每个部分中拥有任意多个不同的部分和项目。 要检索所需的值，您所要做的就是使用要检索的值的节名称和项名称来调用 ReadINI。

Answer 2

您所要做的就是在文件名末尾包含扩展名，如下所示：

c:\myfolder\myfile.ext

当您打开文件进行写入时。

下面是一些示例代码，用于打开一个新文件，向其中写入一行文本，然后关闭该文件：

Set myFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set WriteStuff = myFSO.OpenTextFile("c:\myfolder\myfile.ext", 2, true)
WriteStuff.WriteLine("Hello World.")
WriteStuff.Close
Set WriteStuff = nothing
Set myFSO = nothing

下面是读回该文件的代码：

Dim S as String
Set myFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set ReadStuff = myFSO.OpenTextFile("c:\myfolder\myfile.ext", 1)
S=Readstuff.ReadLine
ReadStuff.Close
Set ReadStuff = nothing
Set myFSO = nothing

http://www.activexperts.com/activmonitor/windowsmanagement/adminscripts/other/textfiles/

Answer 3

以下类从 VB.Net 读取和写入 INI 文件：

Class INI

#Region "API Calls"
    ' standard API declarations for INI access
    ' changing only "As Long" to "As Int32" (As Integer would work also)
    Private Declare Unicode Function WritePrivateProfileString Lib "kernel32" _
    Alias "WritePrivateProfileStringW" (ByVal lpApplicationName As String, _
    ByVal lpKeyName As String, ByVal lpString As String, _
    ByVal lpFileName As String) As Int32

    Private Declare Unicode Function GetPrivateProfileString Lib "kernel32" _
    Alias "GetPrivateProfileStringW" (ByVal lpApplicationName As String, _
    ByVal lpKeyName As String, ByVal lpDefault As String, _
    ByVal lpReturnedString As String, ByVal nSize As Int32, _
    ByVal lpFileName As String) As Int32
#End Region

    Public Overloads Function INIRead(ByVal INIPath As String, _
    ByVal SectionName As String, ByVal KeyName As String, _
    ByVal DefaultValue As String) As String
        ' primary version of call gets single value given all parameters
        Dim n As Int32
        Dim sData As String
        sData = space$(1024) ' allocate some room 
        n = GetPrivateProfileString(SectionName, KeyName, DefaultValue, _
        sData, sData.Length, INIPath)
        If n > 0 Then ' return whatever it gave us
            INIRead = sdata.Substring(0, n)
        Else
            iniread = ""
        End If
    End Function

#Region "INIRead Overloads"
    Public Overloads Function INIRead(ByVal INIPath As String, _
    ByVal SectionName As String, ByVal KeyName As String) As String
        ' overload 1 assumes zero-length default
        Return INIRead(inipath, sectionname, KeyName, "")
    End Function

    Public Overloads Function INIRead(ByVal INIPath As String, _
    ByVal SectionName As String) As String
        ' overload 2 returns all keys in a given section of the given file
        Return INIRead(inipath, sectionname, Nothing, "")
    End Function

    Public Overloads Function INIRead(ByVal INIPath As String) As String
        ' overload 3 returns all section names given just path
        Return INIRead(inipath, Nothing, Nothing, "")
    End Function
#End Region

    Public Sub INIWrite(ByVal INIPath As String, ByVal SectionName As String, _
    ByVal KeyName As String, ByVal TheValue As String)
        Call WritePrivateProfileString(SectionName, KeyName, TheValue, INIPath)
    End Sub

    Public Overloads Sub INIDelete(ByVal INIPath As String, ByVal SectionName As String, _
    ByVal KeyName As String) ' delete single line from section
        Call WritePrivateProfileString(SectionName, KeyName, Nothing, INIPath)
    End Sub

    Public Overloads Sub INIDelete(ByVal INIPath As String, ByVal SectionName As String)
        ' delete section from INI file
        Call WritePrivateProfileString(SectionName, Nothing, Nothing, INIPath)
    End Sub

End Class

Answer 4

Cyclone：

1. 创建文件夹 c:\testarea。
2. 在刚刚创建的文件夹中创建一个名为 test.vbs 的文本文件，并将以下代码粘贴到其中。
3. 双击 test.vbs 文件来执行它。 请注意，它会在同一目录中创建一个 test.ini 文件。 打开test.ini并查看它。

这段代码已经过测试，所以我知道它有效。 我从 http://www.robvanderwoude.com/vbstech_files_ini.php 得到它

      Function ReadIni( myFilePath, mySection, myKey )
    ' This function returns a value read from an INI file
    '
    ' Arguments:
    ' myFilePath  [string]  the (path and) file name of the INI file
    ' mySection   [string]  the section in the INI file to be searched
    ' myKey       [string]  the key whose value is to be returned
    '
    ' Returns:
    ' the [string] value for the specified key in the specified section
    '
    ' CAVEAT:     Will return a space if key exists but value is blank
    '
    ' Written by Keith Lacelle
    ' Modified by Denis St-Pierre and Rob van der Woude

    Const ForReading   = 1
    Const ForWriting   = 2
    Const ForAppending = 8

    Dim intEqualPos
    Dim objFSO, objIniFile
    Dim strFilePath, strKey, strLeftString, strLine, strSection

    Set objFSO = CreateObject( "Scripting.FileSystemObject" )

    ReadIni     = ""
    strFilePath = Trim( myFilePath )
    strSection  = Trim( mySection )
    strKey      = Trim( myKey )

    If objFSO.FileExists( strFilePath ) Then
        Set objIniFile = objFSO.OpenTextFile( strFilePath, ForReading, False )
        Do While objIniFile.AtEndOfStream = False
            strLine = Trim( objIniFile.ReadLine )

            ' Check if section is found in the current line
            If LCase( strLine ) = "[" & LCase( strSection ) & "]" Then
                strLine = Trim( objIniFile.ReadLine )

                ' Parse lines until the next section is reached
                Do While Left( strLine, 1 ) <> "["
                    ' Find position of equal sign in the line
                    intEqualPos = InStr( 1, strLine, "=", 1 )
                    If intEqualPos > 0 Then
                        strLeftString = Trim( Left( strLine, intEqualPos - 1 ) )
                        ' Check if item is found in the current line
                        If LCase( strLeftString ) = LCase( strKey ) Then
                            ReadIni = Trim( Mid( strLine, intEqualPos + 1 ) )
                            ' In case the item exists but value is blank
                            If ReadIni = "" Then
                                ReadIni = " "
                            End If
                            ' Abort loop when item is found
                            Exit Do
                        End If
                    End If

                    ' Abort if the end of the INI file is reached
                    If objIniFile.AtEndOfStream Then Exit Do

                    ' Continue with next line
                    strLine = Trim( objIniFile.ReadLine )
                Loop
            Exit Do
            End If
        Loop
        objIniFile.Close
    Else
        WScript.Echo strFilePath & " doesn't exists. Exiting..."
        Wscript.Quit 1
    End If
    End Function


    Sub WriteIni( myFilePath, mySection, myKey, myValue )
    ' This subroutine writes a value to an INI file
    '
    ' Arguments:
    ' myFilePath  [string]  the (path and) file name of the INI file
    ' mySection   [string]  the section in the INI file to be searched
    ' myKey       [string]  the key whose value is to be written
    ' myValue     [string]  the value to be written (myKey will be
    '                       deleted if myValue is <DELETE_THIS_VALUE>)
    '
    ' Returns:
    ' N/A
    '
    ' CAVEAT:     WriteIni function needs ReadIni function to run
    '
    ' Written by Keith Lacelle
    ' Modified by Denis St-Pierre, Johan Pol and Rob van der Woude

    Const ForReading   = 1
    Const ForWriting   = 2
    Const ForAppending = 8

    Dim blnInSection, blnKeyExists, blnSectionExists, blnWritten
    Dim intEqualPos
    Dim objFSO, objNewIni, objOrgIni, wshShell
    Dim strFilePath, strFolderPath, strKey, strLeftString
    Dim strLine, strSection, strTempDir, strTempFile, strValue

    strFilePath = Trim( myFilePath )
    strSection  = Trim( mySection )
    strKey      = Trim( myKey )
    strValue    = Trim( myValue )

    Set objFSO   = CreateObject( "Scripting.FileSystemObject" )
    Set wshShell = CreateObject( "WScript.Shell" )

    strTempDir  = wshShell.ExpandEnvironmentStrings( "%TEMP%" )
    strTempFile = objFSO.BuildPath( strTempDir, objFSO.GetTempName )

    Set objOrgIni = objFSO.OpenTextFile( strFilePath, ForReading, True )
    Set objNewIni = objFSO.CreateTextFile( strTempFile, False, False )

    blnInSection     = False
    blnSectionExists = False
    ' Check if the specified key already exists
    blnKeyExists     = ( ReadIni( strFilePath, strSection, strKey ) <> "" )
    blnWritten       = False

    ' Check if path to INI file exists, quit if not
    strFolderPath = Mid( strFilePath, 1, InStrRev( strFilePath, "\" ) )
    If Not objFSO.FolderExists ( strFolderPath ) Then
        WScript.Echo "Error: WriteIni failed, folder path (" _
                   & strFolderPath & ") to ini file " _
                   & strFilePath & " not found!"
        Set objOrgIni = Nothing
        Set objNewIni = Nothing
        Set objFSO    = Nothing
        WScript.Quit 1
    End If

    While objOrgIni.AtEndOfStream = False
        strLine = Trim( objOrgIni.ReadLine )
        If blnWritten = False Then
            If LCase( strLine ) = "[" & LCase( strSection ) & "]" Then
                blnSectionExists = True
                blnInSection = True
            ElseIf InStr( strLine, "[" ) = 1 Then
                blnInSection = False
            End If
        End If

        If blnInSection Then
            If blnKeyExists Then
                intEqualPos = InStr( 1, strLine, "=", vbTextCompare )
                If intEqualPos > 0 Then
                    strLeftString = Trim( Left( strLine, intEqualPos - 1 ) )
                    If LCase( strLeftString ) = LCase( strKey ) Then
                        ' Only write the key if the value isn't empty
                        ' Modification by Johan Pol
                        If strValue <> "<DELETE_THIS_VALUE>" Then
                            objNewIni.WriteLine strKey & "=" & strValue
                        End If
                        blnWritten   = True
                        blnInSection = False
                    End If
                End If
                If Not blnWritten Then
                    objNewIni.WriteLine strLine
                End If
            Else
                objNewIni.WriteLine strLine
                    ' Only write the key if the value isn't empty
                    ' Modification by Johan Pol
                    If strValue <> "<DELETE_THIS_VALUE>" Then
                        objNewIni.WriteLine strKey & "=" & strValue
                    End If
                blnWritten   = True
                blnInSection = False
            End If
        Else
            objNewIni.WriteLine strLine
        End If
    Wend

    If blnSectionExists = False Then ' section doesn't exist
        objNewIni.WriteLine
        objNewIni.WriteLine "[" & strSection & "]"
            ' Only write the key if the value isn't empty
            ' Modification by Johan Pol
            If strValue <> "<DELETE_THIS_VALUE>" Then
                objNewIni.WriteLine strKey & "=" & strValue
            End If
    End If

    objOrgIni.Close
    objNewIni.Close

    ' Delete old INI file
    objFSO.DeleteFile strFilePath, True
    ' Rename new INI file
    objFSO.MoveFile strTempFile, strFilePath

    Set objOrgIni = Nothing
    Set objNewIni = Nothing
    Set objFSO    = Nothing
    Set wshShell  = Nothing
    End Sub
         '
         '
    Call  WriteINI("c:\testarea\Test.INI","Section1","Item1","Value1")
    Call  WriteINI("c:\testarea\Test.INI","Section1","Item2","Value2")
    Call  WriteINI("c:\testarea\Test.INI","Section1","Item3","Value3")
    Call  WriteINI("c:\testarea\Test.INI","Section2","Item4","Value4")
    Call  WriteINI("c:\testarea\Test.INI","Section2","Item5","Value5")