Python C API：如何获取异常的字符串表示形式？
如果我（例如）
open("/snafu/fnord")
在Python中执行此操作（并且该文件不存在），我会收到回溯和消息
IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/snafu/fnord'
“我想使用Python的C API（即嵌入C程序中的Python解释器）获取上述字符串”。 我需要它作为字符串，而不是输出到控制台。
使用 PyErr_Fetch() 我可以获取异常的类型对象和值。 对于上面的示例，该值是一个元组：
(2, 'No such file or directory', '/snafu/fnord')
是否有一种简单的方法可以将我从 PyErr_Fetch() 获取的信息转换为 Python 解释器显示的字符串？ （不涉及您自己为每种异常类型构造此类字符串。）
If I do (e.g.)
open("/snafu/fnord")
in Python (and the file does not exist), I get a traceback and the message
IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/snafu/fnord'
I would like to get the above string with Python's C API (i.e., a Python interpreter embedded in a C program). I need it as a string, not output to the console.
With PyErr_Fetch() I can get the type object of the exception and the value. For the above example, the value is a tuple:
(2, 'No such file or directory', '/snafu/fnord')
Is there an easy way from the information I get from PyErr_Fetch() to the string the Python interpreter shows? (One that does not involve to construct such strings for each exception type yourself.)
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评论（1）
我认为 Python 异常是通过在异常实例上运行“str()”来打印的，这将返回您感兴趣的格式化字符串。您可以通过调用
PyObject_Str()此处描述的方法：https://docs.python.org/c-api/object.html
祝你好运！
更新：我有点困惑为什么
PyErr_Fetch()返回给您的第二个元素是一个字符串。 我的猜测是，您收到“非标准化异常”，需要调用 PyErr_NormalizeException() 将该元组转换为“真正的”异常，该异常可以将自身格式化为您想要的字符串。I think that Python exceptions are printed by running "str()" on the exception instance, which will return the formatted string you're interested in. You can get this from C by calling the
PyObject_Str()method described here:https://docs.python.org/c-api/object.html
Good luck!
Update: I'm a bit confused why the second element being returned to you by
PyErr_Fetch()is a string. My guess is that you are receiving an "unnormalized exception" and need to callPyErr_NormalizeException()to turn that tuple into a "real" Exception that can format itself as a string like you want it to.